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Markets emerge in recent historical research as important spheres of economic interaction in ancient societies. In the case of ancient Egypt, traditional models imagined an all-encompassing centralized, bureaucratic economy that left practically no place for market transactions, as many surviving documents only described the activities of the royal palace and of huge institutions mainly temples. Yet scattered references in the sources reveal that markets and traders were crucial actors in the economic life of ancient Egypt. In this perspective, this volume aims to discuss the role of markets, traders and economic interaction (not necessarily organized through markets) and the use of "money" (metals, valuable commodities) in pre-modern societies, based on archaeological, anthropological and historical evidence. Furthermore, it intends to integrate different perspectives about the social organization of transactions and exchanges and the different forms taken by markets, from meeting places where exchanges operated under ritualized procedures and conventions, to markets in which profit-seeking activities were marginal in respect with other practices that stressed, on the contrary, community collaboration. The book also deals with social forms of pre-modern exchanges in which trust and ethnic solidarity guaranteed the validity of commercial operations in the absence of formal codes of laws or accepted authorities over long distances (trade diasporas, guilds, etc.). Finally, the volume analyzes a critical aspect of small-scale trade and markets, such as the commercialization of agricultural household production and its impact on the peasant economic strategies

Économie de marché --- Économie de marché --- Commerce --- Histoire --- Sciences sociales --- Méthode comparative --- Markets. --- Commerce. --- Economic history. --- To 1500 --- Egypt --- Égypte --- Egypt. --- History --- Economic conditions --- Conditions économiques

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Dans le présent ouvrage, la transparence est appréhendée comme un principe méthodologique directeur de la gouvernance, que celle-ci emprunte un mode unilatéral ou contractuel, qu’elle empreigne l’acte législatif, réglementaire ou juridictionnel, et que l’acte unilatéral ou plurilatéral soit pris par des personnes publiques ou privées. L’appréhension globale de la transparence retenue ici tranche avec l’approche parcellaire qui prévaut dans la littérature existante. En mettant à nu les nombreuses ramifications de la transparence ainsi que leurs interactions, cette nouvelle manière d’appréhender la transparence permet de dégager celle-ci à la fois dans sa diversité et son unité. En outre, cette découverte est menée par un groupe diversifié de juristes représentant aussi bien le droit public que le droit privé, l’Europe que l’Amérique du Nord. Grâce à sa double dimension globale et comparative, l’ouvrage s’engage résolument dans la construction d’un véritable droit de la transparence et fournit une nouvelle assise théorique à la transparence.

Comparative law --- Congresses --- Government information --- Comparative studies --- Transparency in government --- Transparence politique. --- Administration publique. --- Information des administrés. --- Droit comparé. --- Justice --- Administration. --- Administrative agencies --- Transparency in government. --- Administration publique --- Transparence (Sciences sociales) --- Droit comparé --- EPUB-ALPHA-T EPUB-LIV-FT LIVDROIT STRADA-B --- Administration --- Information des administrés. --- Droit comparé.

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If the European political space has been extensively explored, research has remained all too often focused on the institutions of the European Union and the Council of Europe rather than on the actors who make Europe. This dictionary brings a new angle to scholarship on Europe by systematically investigating its actors: those who work within the institutions or in close contact with them; those who are the targets of European policies; those in the name of whom reforms are carried out; those who promote Europe and those who oppose it. It showcases a comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach that bridges the usual separation between the European Union and the Council of Europe. In each entry, contributors selected among the leading specialists in their fields of research present the state of the art and the most current research perspectives on European actors. Students, teachers and researchers with an interest in Europe will find this volume to be a valuable work of reference and a source of new and stimulating ideas and perspectives on Europe. More broadly, the dictionary will appeal to 'professionals of Europe' eager to gain insights into their working environment as well as to readers interested in understanding Europe through its actors.

International relations. Foreign policy --- European law --- European Union --- Société civile --- Institutions politiques --- Sciences sociales --- Analyse de réseau --- Union européenne --- Europe --- Administrative responsibility --- International agencies --- Responsabilité administrative --- Organisations internationales --- Institutions --- European Union countries --- Pays de l'Union européenne --- Politics and government --- Politique et gouvernement --- EPUB-ALPHA-D EPUB-LIV-FT LIVDROIT STRADA-B --- Officials and employees --- Dictionaries --- English --- Biography --- Institutions. --- Analyse de réseau. --- Europe. --- E-books

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PARTIE I : Les fondements et les grandes problématiques du droit constitutionnel belge - I. La démocratie et la souveraineté - II. L'Etat et la séparation des pouvoirs - III. Le pouvoir constituant - IV. La hiérarchie des normes - V. Le contrôle de la hiérarchie des normes - VI. Le régime représentatif - VII. Le système électoral belge - VIII. BHV ou le mal belge - IX. Le parlementarisme rationalisé - PARTIE II : Le pouvoir politique - X. Le statut du parlementaire - XI. L'organisation des Parlements - XII. La fonction législative - XIII. Les fonctions de contrôle du Parlement - XIV. Naissance et vie des gouvernements - XV. Cessation de fonction des gouvernements et de leurs membres - XVI. La responsabilité pénale des ministres - XVII. Les fonctions des gouvernements - PARTIE III : Le pouvoir juridictionnel - XVIII. La Cour constitutionnelle - XIX. Les cours et tribunaux de l'ordre judiciaire - XX. Le Conseil d'Etat - XXI. La responsabilité des pouvoirs publics - PARTIE IV : La Belgique fédérale - Institutions et organisation de leurs relations - XXII. Le fédéralisme belge - XXIII. Les institutions fédérales - Le chef de l'Etat - XXIV. Les institutions fédérales - Le bicaméralisme - XXV. Les institutions des Régions et des Communautés - XXVI. Bruxelles et la Communauté germanophone - XXVII. Les compétences matérielles dans les textes - XXVIII. Les compétences matérielles dans la jurisprudence de la Cour constitutionnelle XXIX. Les compétences territoriales - XXX. Conflits, coopération et relations internationales

Public law. Constitutional law --- Belgium --- Droit constitutionnel --- Traités. --- Pouvoir (sciences sociales) --- Juridiction. --- E-books --- droit constitutionnel --- BPB1507 --- BPB1508 --- Belgique --- Juridische aspecten : Grondwettelijk recht --- Bélgica --- Belgija --- Belgien --- Belgie --- Belgicko --- België --- Beļģija --- Белгија --- Belgio --- Белгия --- Belgia --- il-Belġju --- An Bheilg --- Βέλγιο --- Belgjika --- Belgia Kuningriik --- Beļģijas Karaliste --- Royaume de Belgique --- Belgian kuningaskunta --- Belgické kráľovstvo --- Koninkrijk België --- Belgijos Karalystė --- das Königreich Belgien --- Βασίλειο του Βελγίου --- Kingdom of Belgium --- Кралство Белгија --- Краљевина Белгија --- Belgické království --- Reino de Bélgica --- ir-Renju tal-Belġju --- Regatul Belgiei --- Kongeriget Belgien --- Кралство Белгия --- Mbretëria e Belgjikës --- Belga Királyság --- Królestwo Belgii --- Konungariket Belgien --- Reino da Bélgica --- Kraljevina Belgija --- Regno del Belgio --- e drejta kushtetuese --- drept constituțional --- riigiõigus --- Derecho constitucional --- constitutional law --- prawo konstytucyjne --- alkotmányjog --- valtiosääntöoikeus --- konstitucinė teisė --- уставно право --- forfatningsret --- direito constitucional --- författningsrätt --- konstitucionālais likums --- ústavné právo --- ustavno pravo --- ústavní právo --- конституционно право --- Verfassungsrecht --- συνταγματικό δίκαιο --- grondwettelijk recht --- diritto costituzionale --- dritt kostituzzjonali --- ligj parlamentar --- konstitucionalistika --- parlamentinė teisė --- staatsrecht --- konstitutionel ret --- parlamentārās tiesības --- politiek recht --- derecho político --- direito parlamentar --- Derecho parlamentario --- κοινοβουλευτικό δίκαιο --- parlamenti jog --- diritto parlamentare --- droit parlementaire --- parlementair recht --- parlamentní právo --- πολιτικό δικαίωμα --- politikai jog --- konstitucionālās tiesības --- parlamentarisk ret --- конституционално право --- prawo parlamentarne --- droit politique --- liġi parlamentari --- konstitutionell rätt --- oikeuspolitiikka --- parlamentné právo --- direito político --- parliamentary law --- valsts tiesības --- парламентарно право --- parlamentaarne õigus --- parlamentarno pravo --- Parlamentsrecht --- drept parlamentar --- státní právo --- statsforfatningsret --- diritto politico --- politisches Recht --- parlamentaarinen oikeus --- Aspects juridiques : Droit constitutionnel --- Constitutional law --- Public law --- Federal government --- Decentralization in government --- Competent authority --- Fédéralisme --- Décentralisation administrative --- Compétence (Droit) --- dlí bunreachtúil

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Principale revue de prospective en langue française à caractère réellement interdisciplinaire, Futuribles analyse chaque mois ce qui peut advenir (les futurs possibles) et ce qui peut être fait (les politiques et les stratégies) vis-à-vis des grands défis du futur

Sociologie politique --- 05 --- Revue périodique --- Science politique --- 330 <44> --- 651 Maatschappij. Algemeen --- Current periodicals --- #KVHA:Tijdschriften Frans --- FR / France - Frankrijk --- Published Monthly --- 01.06 --- 09.03.a --- Politieke sociologie --- periodieken - tijdschriften --- Tijdschrift --- Politieke wetenschap --- Tijdschriften Reeksen --- Sociale verzekering Frankrijk Algemeen --- Periodicals --- Civilisation --- Sociology --- Économie politique --- Prévision économique --- Social sciences --- Land --- Regional planning --- Twentieth century --- Sciences sociales --- Vingtième siècle --- Forecasts --- Periodicals. --- Périodiques --- Prévisions --- #KVHA:Tijdschriften; Frans --- Tijdschriften ; Reeksen --- Sociale verzekering ; Frankrijk ; Algemeen --- politikas zinātne --- valtio-oppi --- ciencia política --- политички науки --- politične vede --- scienze politiche --- nauki polityczne --- politológia --- politisk videnskab --- ciência política --- politieke wetenschap --- политичке науке --- političke znanosti --- political science --- politische Wissenschaft --- politologija --- politologie --- shkenca politike --- politoloogia --- πολιτική επιστήμη --- știință politică --- политическа наука --- xjenza politika --- statsvetenskap --- политичка теорија --- Politologie --- statskundskab --- politikatudomány --- politické vědy --- státověda --- Politikwissenschaft --- ştiinţe politice --- politicologie --- statskunskap --- teorie politiky --- politoloģija --- политикологија --- politikos mokslas --- правно-политички науки --- perioodiline väljaanne --- periodická publikácia --- сериски публикации --- tidskrift --- периодично издание --- periodinis leidinys --- periodikum --- rivista periodica --- kausijulkaisu --- serial publication --- periodische Veröffentlichung --- publicații periodice --- περιοδική επιθεώρηση --- publicação periódica --- publicación seriada --- periodična publikacija --- periodika --- folyóirat --- publikim periodik --- periodisks izdevums --- wydawnictwo periodyczne --- tidsskrift --- периодично издање --- tijdschrift --- pubblikazzjoni perjodika --- periodicum --- periodiek --- revue périodique --- publicación periódica --- επιθεώρηση --- издание во продолженија --- периодична објава --- periodical publication --- serijska publikacija --- botim periodik --- сериско издание --- seriāls izdevums --- périodique --- periodico --- publikim në seri --- rivista mensile --- serijinis leidinys --- mensile --- pubblicazione periodica --- publicații seriale --- периодично списание --- periodisk tidskrift --- měsíčník --- perioodikaväljaanne --- revista --- series --- časopis --- periódico --- publicación en serie --- serie --- periodice --- periodical --- týdeník --- nepravé periodikum --- jadaväljaanne --- občasník --- Periodikum --- aikakauslehti --- serials --- периодична публикација --- фељтон --- περιοδικό --- sociologia política --- politiskā socioloģija --- πολιτική κοινωνιολογία --- politinė sociologija --- politikai szociológia --- politische Soziologie --- poliitiline sotsioloogia --- sociologie politică --- sociologija politike --- political sociology --- socjologia polityki --- sociología política --- politická sociologie --- politiikan sosiologia --- politična sociologija --- политическа социология --- politická sociológia --- politieke sociologie --- политичка социологија --- sociologji politike --- sociologia politica --- politisk sociologi --- soċjoloġija politika --- sociológia politiky --- politikos sociologija --- politička sociologija --- sociologji e politikës --- sociologie politiky --- sociology of politics --- Social Sciences --- General and Others --- Économie politique --- Prévision économique --- eolaíocht pholaitiúil --- sraitheachán --- socheolaíocht pholaitiúil --- Social sciences - Periodicals --- Revue périodique --- Vingtième siècle --- Social sciences. --- Twentieth century.