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Plutarch (Plutarchus), ca. 45-120 CE, was born at Chaeronea in Boeotia in central Greece, studied philosophy at Athens, and, after coming to Rome as a teacher in philosophy, was given consular rank by the emperor Trajan and a procuratorship in Greece by Hadrian. He was married and the father of one daughter and four sons. He appears as a man of kindly character and independent thought, studious and learned. Plutarch wrote on many subjects. Most popular have always been the 46 Parallel Lives, biographies planned to be ethical examples in pairs (in each pair, one Greek figure and one similar Roman), though the last four lives are single. All are invaluable sources of our knowledge of the lives and characters of Greek and Roman statesmen, soldiers and orators. Plutarch's many other varied extant works, about 60 in number, are known as the Moralia or Moral Essays. They are of high literary value, besides being of great use to people interested in philosophy, ethics and religion. The Loeb Classical Library edition of the Moralia is in fifteen volumes, Volume XIII having two parts.

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A new reconstruction and text of the Placita of Aëtius (ca. 50 CE), accompanied by a full commentary and an extensive collection of related texts. This compendium, arguably the most important doxographical text to survive from antiquity, is known through the intensive use made of it by authors in later antiquity and beyond. Covering the entire field of natural philosophy, it has long been mined as a source of information about ancient philosophers and their views. It now receives a thorough analysis as a remarkable work in its own right. This volume is the culmination of a five-volume set of studies on Aëtius (1997–2020): Aëtiana I (ISBN: 9789004105805, 1996), II (Parts 1&2; set ISBN 9789004172067; 2008), III (ISBN 9789004180413; 2009), IV (ISBN: 9789004361454, 2018), and V (Parts 1-4). It uses an innovative methodology to replace the seminal edition of Hermann Diels (1879).

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Arete is a central yet elusive concept in ancient Greek culture. Traditionally associated with the strength and skill of heroes, warriors and athletes, arete evolved over the course of ancient Greek history to become a primary focus of ethical and political reflection and debate. For ancient Greek philosophy, arete (traditionally translated as "virtue") was the essential object of human admiration and striving, and even the key to happiness. Despite this shared conception, deep disagreements persisted among ancient thinkers about what exactly arete is, who has it, and why it is so valuable. A companion volume, Ageless Arete, provides a broad overview of the diverse roles played by arete in ancient Greece and Rome. The present volume, Arete in Plato and Aristotle, offers a focused exploration of perhaps the two most innovative and influential contributors to ancient philosophical debates about arete. Plato and Aristotle took the concept of arete as the starting point for investigations of the human soul, the good life, the nature of knowledge, the goals of education, and the role of politics and culture in nurturing human excellence. Their work continues to inspire reflection on these fundamental questions today, as the fourteen new essays collected here demonstrate.

Philosophy, Ancient