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In recent years, technological breakthroughs have greatly enhanced our ability to understand the complex world of molecular biology. Rapid developments in genomic profiling techniques, such as high-throughput sequencing, have brought new opportunities and challenges to the fields of computational biology and bioinformatics. Furthermore, by combining genomic profiling techniques with other experimental techniques, many powerful approaches (e.g., RNA-Seq, Chips-Seq, single-cell assays, and Hi-C) have been developed in order to help explore complex biological systems. As a result of the increasing availability of genomic datasets, in terms of both volume and variety, the analysis of such data has become a critical challenge as well as a topic of great interest. Therefore, statistical methods that address the problems associated with these newly developed techniques are in high demand. This book includes a number of studies that highlight the state-of-the-art statistical methods for the analysis of genomic data and explore future directions for improvement.
multiple cancer types --- integrative analysis --- omics data --- prognosis modeling --- classification --- gene set enrichment analysis --- boosting --- kernel method --- Bayes factor --- Bayesian mixed-effect model --- CpG sites --- DNA methylation --- Ordinal responses --- GEE --- lipid–environment interaction --- longitudinal lipidomics study --- penalized variable selection --- convolutional neural networks --- deep learning --- feed-forward neural networks --- machine learning --- gene regulatory network --- nonparanormal graphical model --- network substructure --- false discovery rate control --- gaussian finite mixture model --- clustering analysis --- uncertainty --- expectation-maximization algorithm --- classification boundary --- gene expression --- RNA-seq --- n/a --- lipid-environment interaction
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Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an emerging zoonotic coronavirus. First identified in 2012, MERS-CoV has caused over 2460 infections and a fatality rate of about 35% in humans. Similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), MERS-CoV likely originated from bats; however, different from SARS-CoV, which potentially utilized palm civets as its intermediate hosts, MERS-CoV likely transmits to humans through dromedary camels. Animal models, such as humanized mice and nonhuman primates, have been developed for studying MERS-CoV infection. Currently, there are no vaccines and therapeutics approved for the prevention and treatment of MERS-CoV infection, although a number of them have been developed preclinically or tested clinically. This book covers one editorial and 16 articles (including seven review articles and nine original research papers) written by researchers working in the field of MERS-CoV. It describes the following three main aspects: (1) MERS-CoV epidemiology, transmission, and pathogenesis; (2) current progress on MERS-CoV animal models, vaccines, and therapeutics; and (3) challenges and future prospects for MERS-CoV research. Overall, this book will help researchers in the MERS-CoV field to further advance their work on the virus. It also has important implications for other coronaviruses as well as viruses outside the coronavirus family with pandemic potentials.
cell–cell fusion --- hDPP4 --- n/a --- therapeutics --- animal models --- HCoV-229E --- Drivers --- camels --- rabbits --- SARS-CoV --- MERS-CoV --- MVA vaccine --- transmission --- RBD --- MERS-CoV nucleocapsid protein --- complement --- animal model --- pseudotyped virus --- combination --- MERS-coronavirus --- peptide --- mouse model --- spike protein --- receptor-binding domain --- prevention and treatment --- coronaviruses --- coronavirus spike glycoprotein --- therapeutic antibodies --- vaccine platforms --- mutation --- severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus --- pathogenesis --- fusion inhibitor --- Coronavirus --- murine CD8+ T cell epitope --- lipidomics --- authentic virus --- correlates of immunity --- vaccines --- neutralizing monoclonal antibodies --- Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus --- small-molecule inhibitor --- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Virus --- DPP4 --- pyroptosis --- cross-neutralization --- inflammation --- Qatar --- spike proteins --- One Health --- HKU4 --- nanobodies --- mechanism of action --- neutralizing antibody --- host factors --- UHPLC–MS
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Metabolomics has been a useful method for various study fields. However, its application in animal science does not seem to be sufficient. Metabolomics will be useful for various studies in animal science: Animal genetics and breeding, animal physiology, animal nutrition, animal products (milk, meat, eggs, and their by-products) and their processing, livestock environment, animal biotechnology, animal behavior, and animal welfare. More application examples and protocols for animal science will promote more motivation to use metabolomics effectively in the study field. Therefore, in this Special Issue, we introduced some research and review articles for “Metabolomic Applications in Anmal Science”. The main methods used were mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Not only a non-targeted, but also a targeted, analysis of metabolites is shown. The topics include dietary and pharmacological interventions and protocols for metabolomic experiments.
albumen --- breed --- chicken --- feed --- metabolome --- yolk --- arachidonic acid --- omega-3 fatty acids --- lipidomics --- mass spectrometry --- dietary fat --- fatty acid metabolism --- pork --- meat --- skeletal muscle --- fiber type --- cooking --- beef --- Wagyu --- Holstein --- captive giraffes --- urine --- metabolomics --- 1H-NMR --- NMR --- metabotype --- transition --- ketosis --- cattle --- chemometrics --- spectral correction --- authentication --- biomarker --- feeding --- meat quality traits --- metabolite --- postmortem aging --- processing --- chickens --- heat stress --- lipid peroxidation --- orotic acid --- feed efficiency --- biomarkers --- SNPs --- GWAS --- RFI --- pigs --- pathways --- metabolic profile --- transition period --- livestock --- methyl donor --- one-carbon metabolism --- negative energy balance --- pasture legumes --- phytoestrogens --- flavonoids --- coumestans --- polyphenols --- proanthocyanidins --- metabolic profiling --- biosynthesis --- linear model --- transcriptomics --- horse --- metabolomic --- metabolism --- exercise --- saliva --- anabolic practices --- testosterone --- plasma --- CE-TOFMS --- intramuscular fat --- meat quality --- porcine
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The Mediterranean diet is well-known worldwide and recognized as a nutrition reference model by the World Health Organization. Virgin olive oil, prepared from healthy and intact fruits of the olive tree only by mechanical means, is a basic ingredient and a real pillar of this diet. Its positive role in health has now been a topic of universal concern. The virtues of natural olive oil, and especially of extra virgin olive oil, are related to the quality of the fruits, the employment of advanced technologies, and the availability of sophisticated analytical techniques that are used to control the origin of the fruits and guarantee the grade of the final product. To enrich recent multidisciplinary scientific information concerning this healthy lipid source, a new special issue of Foods has been published.
1H NMR spectroscopy --- EVOOs geographical origin --- extra virgin olive oil --- multivariate statistical analysis --- historical climate data --- olive oil --- biophenols --- Mediterranean diet --- pharma-nutrition --- cardiovascular disease --- authentication --- bioactive --- by-product --- glycolipid --- lipidomics --- mass spectrometry --- phospholipid --- traceability --- extra-virgin olive oil --- EVOO --- chlorophylls --- carotenoids --- pigments --- colour --- quality --- spectroscopy --- ultraviolet-visible light --- light absorption --- successful aging --- dietary fats --- authenticity --- cultivars --- triacylglycerols --- volatiles --- chemometrics --- extraction process --- innovative approaches --- ultrasound --- technological level of readiness --- varietal authentication --- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy --- polar lipids --- bio-phenols --- pharmaceutical molecular mechanisms of action --- primary public health prevention strategies --- healthy aging and longevity
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Genomics technologies revolutionised biomedicine research, but the genome alone is not sufficient to capture biological complexity. Postgenomic methods, typically based on mass spectrometry, comprise the analysis of metabolites, lipids, and proteins and are an essential complement to genomics and transcriptomics. Multidimensional omics is becoming established to provide accurate and comprehensive state descriptions. This book covers the latest methodological developments for, and applications of integrative multi-omics in biomedical research.
target identification --- target validation --- label-free method for drugs --- anti-angiogenesis --- mechanism of action --- receptor tyrosine kinases --- curcumin --- natural products --- lipid --- lipidomics --- cardiac metaplasia --- Barrett’s esophagus --- esophageal adenocarcinoma --- microbiota --- DNA sensing --- IFI16 --- cGAS --- innate immunity --- protein interactions --- virus–host interactions --- post-translational modifications --- mass spectrometry --- proteomics --- transcriptomics --- multi-omics --- multi-omics analysis --- study design --- bioinformatics --- machine learning --- analysis flow --- metabolomics --- planned myocardial infarction (PMI) --- myocardial infarction (MI) --- exercise --- heart --- cheminformatics --- batch variations --- eicosanoids --- fetal calf serum --- peroxisomes --- host-pathogen interactions --- secretome --- macrophages --- acute myeloid leukemia --- HL-60 cell line --- ATRA --- induced differentiation --- transcriptome --- proteome --- transcription factors --- key molecules --- regulatory pathway modelling --- SRM --- endometriosis --- inflammation --- n/a --- Barrett's esophagus --- virus-host interactions
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Sterols and other isoprenoids are of great interest for their molecular structure and function in cell architecture and evolution, as well as for their importance in medicine and agriculture. Molecules’ 2019 Festschrift Special Issue in honor of the 65th birthday of Prof. W. David Nes, an internationally recognized chemical biologist and recipient of the George Schroepher medal for sterol research, focuses on recent developments in the chemistry, biosynthesis, and function of these polycyclic natural products. This volume of Molecules contains 16 leading-edge review articles and original research contributions from an international cast of scientists. This volume is grouped into three sections: (i) isoprenoid metabolome and diversity, (ii) clinical evaluation of sterol and triterpene structures and biosynthesis, and (iii) methods and synthesis of steroids and other compounds. The volume will be a valuable reference tool for those who study medicinal chemistry, protein chemistry, and biochemistry of isoprenoid lipids.
high-fat high-carbohydrate diet --- toxicity --- oxysterol --- n/a --- squalene cyclase --- sterol content --- sterolomics --- Polystichum --- Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome --- antifungals --- alkaloid --- cycloartenol synthase --- degeneration --- phytosterol --- Rhizopus arrhizus --- fibroblasts --- pod-blast --- fern --- cholesterol --- cytotoxic activity --- N-methylpiperidine. reductive deamination --- genetic disease --- isoprenoid --- steroid --- atherosclerosis --- granatane --- antioxidant --- wound healing --- development --- enzyme-assisted derivatization --- maturity --- terpene --- keratinocytes --- C4-demethylation complex (C4DMC) --- ?-sitosterol --- mesocarp --- sterol biosynthesis --- mechanism-based inactivators --- Mucorales --- gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) --- Girard reagent --- ROS --- sterol pattern --- N-methylcadaverine --- ?-tocopherol --- electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry --- human African trypanosomiasis --- HUVECs --- lipidomics --- campesterol --- triterpene --- oxyphytosterol --- leishmania --- Chagas disease --- LOX-1 --- sterol C24-methyltransferase --- antifungal effectivity --- ergosterol biosynthesis --- hormone --- glucose homeostasis --- retina --- solanaceae --- cholestanoic acid --- algal sterols --- cell migration --- withanolides --- insulin resistance --- Zingiber officinale --- posaconazole --- synthesis --- pre-diabetes --- pharmacognosy --- sterol --- 4-methylsterol --- oleanolic acid --- antiparasitic drugs --- lupeol --- oilseed --- aurelianolides --- divalent metal co-factor ligation --- bile alcohol --- phytosterols --- azoles --- infectious disease --- gingerols --- UV-radiation --- oil bodies --- ZnO --- sterol 14?-demethylase --- stigmasterol
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The purpose of this Special Issue is to provide a thorough and up-to-date presentation of research investigating the impact of coffee and/or caffeine intake on various health outcomes. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, the following topics: Human clinical trials of coffee or caffeine use in relation to disease or intermediate phenotypes. Epidemiological studies of habitual coffee or caffeine intake in relation to human health, among the general public, as well as, among special populations (i.e., children, pregnant women, diabetics, cancer patients, hypertensives, etc.). Mechanisms of action of nutrients and other bioactive components of coffee/caffeine. Studies integrating genetic or physiological markers of coffee/caffeine intake to investigations of coffee and health.
coronary artery disease --- n/a --- lipids --- NADH dehydrogenase --- tea --- tinnitus --- safety --- transcriptomics --- ergogenic --- guidelines --- myocardial perfusion --- placebo --- Caffeine --- risk factors --- lysophosphatidylcholine --- pregnancy --- assisted reproduction techniques --- population --- adenosine --- liver fibrosis --- coffee consumption --- cognitive --- causation --- supplement --- mate --- adult --- gene expression --- wine --- lipidomics --- chocolate --- exercise --- protection --- Suicide --- dipyridamole --- regadenoson --- live birth --- hearing --- pharmacological ergogenic aid --- behavior --- cardiovascular disease --- gene-diet interaction --- whole-blood --- sex --- health --- systematic review --- causality --- genetic epidemiology --- implantation --- pharmacogenomics --- cognitions --- ergogenic aid --- time trial performance --- CYP1A2 --- aging --- phenolic --- country --- caffeine intake --- serum chloride levels --- polymorphism --- responders --- intoxication --- trial --- epidemiological methods --- bias --- adenosine receptor --- longevity --- did not respond --- energy drinks --- biomarkers --- individual responses --- Mendelian Randomization --- public policy --- anxiety --- the Norwegian Women and Cancer Cohort (NOWAC) --- ADORA2A --- clinical pregnancy --- caffeine metabolism --- caffeine intoxication --- cohort study --- mood --- mRNA --- alcohol consumption --- epidemiology --- caffeine --- expectancy --- accidental death --- European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition --- cognition --- consumption --- HIV-HCV co-infection --- cytochrome P450 --- chlorogenic acids --- soda --- 24-h dietary recall --- coffee --- depression --- sport --- age
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The range of human neurodegenerative diseases continues to pose significant unmet medical needs for societies around the world. The progressive and terminal nature of these conditions places a considerable personal burden on the individual affected but also on public health systems and health services. Tens of millions of people are indiscriminately affected by various dementias, which are rising at an alarming rate. There are no cures for many conditions, and it is clear that treatments applied as early as possible could greatly improve outcomes for patients. Therefore, new disease classification and diagnostic tools should be a key priority. Metabolomics represents a relatively new field of analytical science, which can be extremely useful in the early diagnosis of disease. The relatively unique feature of metabolites is that they sit at the intersection between the genetic background of an organism and its environment. Because many neurodegenerative diseases are not genetically inherited (instead having a range of known genetic risk factors and also a large number of unknown environmental triggers) the field of metabolomics offers great promise for the discovery of new, biologically, and clinically relevant biomarkers for neurodegenerative disorders. It is already bringing forward new knowledge in terms of the mechanisms of neurodegenerative disease.
glutamic acid --- n/a --- direct mass spectrometry --- neurodegeneration --- 6-OHDA --- targeted mass spectrometry --- mitochondrial dysfunction --- myo-inositol --- metabolomics --- bile acids --- subacute mild traumatic brain injury --- age-related macular degeneration --- metabolic pathways --- energy metabolism --- midbrain --- Alzheimer’s disease --- biomarkers --- 1H NMR --- Parkinson’s disease dementia --- GC-MS --- pathogenesis --- tricarboxylic acid cycle --- micro-dialysis --- 13C-labeled succinate --- metabolism --- lipidomics --- dementia with Lewy bodies --- fatty acid --- prodromal Parkinson’s disease --- malonate --- cerebral ischemia --- mass spectrometry --- retinal pigment epithelium --- excitotoxicity --- endothelin-1 --- reperfusion --- C. elegans --- Streptomyces venezuelae --- ?-synuclein aggregates --- natural product --- fatty acid metabolism --- imaging mass spectrometry --- LC-MS --- drusen --- cerebral palsy --- plasma --- Parkinson’s disease --- Alzheimer's disease --- Parkinson's disease dementia --- prodromal Parkinson's disease --- Parkinson's disease
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This reprint provides information on the novel analytical methods used to address challenges occurring at academic, regulatory, and commercial level. All topics covered include information on the basic principles, procedures, advantages, limitations, and applications. Integration of biological reagents, (nano)materials, technologies, and physical principles (spectroscopy and spectrometry) are discussed. This reprint is ideal for professionals of the food industry, regulatory bodies, as well as researchers.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- truffle --- T. melanosporum --- T. indicum --- real-time PCR --- RFLP --- quantitative evaluation --- Alzheimer’s disease --- Amyloid β --- amyloid β aggregation inhibitor --- quantum dot --- soy sauce --- doping --- sport --- contamination --- SARMs --- diuretics --- honey --- vibrational spectroscopy --- geographical origin --- chemometrics --- data fusion --- frequency mixing technology --- immunofiltration --- magnetic beads --- pesticide residues --- optical detection --- screening methods --- point-of-care diagnostics --- smartphones --- biosensors --- bioassays --- food --- routine testing --- high-resolution mass spectrometry --- feed --- water --- veterinary drug residues --- natural toxins --- pesticides --- food authenticity --- food microbiology --- immunoaffinity assays --- immunoagglutination --- immunosensors --- immunochromatographic testing --- immunomagnetic separation --- one health --- pathogenic micro-organisms --- responsive monitoring --- review --- serum --- lipidomics --- Lipidyzer™ --- LC-HRMS --- ractopamine --- β-agonist --- food safety --- portable food analyzer --- point-of-need --- ASSURED criteria --- portable mass spectrometer --- optical biosensor --- electrochemical biosensor --- microfluidic device --- lab-on-a-chip --- smartphone-based biosensor --- n/a --- Alzheimer's disease
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Dyslipidemia, and particularly hypercholesterolemia, remains a main cardiovascular disease risk factor, partly reversible with the improvement of life-style, including dietary, habits. Even when a pharmacological treatment is begun, dietary support to lipid-lowering is always desired. This book will provide a selection of new evidence on the possible lipid-lowering effects of some dietary and medicinal plant components, reporting some interesting reviews, experimental data and results from clinical trials. The book is adapted for experts in nutrition but also for all scientists involved in cardiovascular disease prevention.
beta-glucan --- fiber --- lipid profile --- cholesterol --- intestinal function --- green tea --- epigallocatechin gallate --- chitosan --- microspheres --- Eudragit --- metabolic diseases --- LCD score --- CHNS --- dyslipidemia --- dietary factor --- plant based --- animal based --- Chinese adults --- nutraceuticals --- PCSK9 --- SREBP --- HNF1α --- berberine --- metabolic syndrome --- plant extracts --- natural antioxidant --- polyphenols --- bergamot --- blackcurrant --- liver steatosis --- ovariectomized --- phytoestrogen --- vitamin B12 --- healthy --- Saudi Arabia --- serum cholesterol --- serum triglycerides --- serum low density lipoprotein --- serum high density lipoprotein --- dietary intake --- lifestyle --- black raspberry --- excessive choline --- TMAO --- hypercholesterolemia --- hepatic inflammation --- review --- CVD --- cardiovascular health --- dietary fats --- dietary fiber --- phytosterols --- plant-based diet --- dietary pattern --- sustainability --- propolis --- formononetin --- gastric ulcer --- rats --- Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat leaves --- obesity --- lipidomics --- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry --- phospholipid --- sphingolipid --- monacolins --- LDL-cholesterol --- red yeast rice --- clinical trial --- endothelial function --- alpha-linolenic acid --- flaxseed --- lipids --- omega-3 --- walnuts --- type 2 diabetes mellitus --- glibenclamide --- omega-3 fatty acids --- high fat diet --- transcription factors --- streptozotocin --- Armolipid Plus® --- nutraceutical --- supplementation --- blood pressure --- fasting plasma glucose --- n/a
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