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Canada has been giving foreign aid now for about fifteen years, and this book is the first to show what Canada has done in this new area of international diplomacy. Several projects-Warzak Dam, St. Vincent Dock, Canada-India Reactor, Nigerian Air Survey, Maple Leaf Cement Plant-are recounted in detail, from the practical administrative point of view. The various forms and methods of aid adopted by Canada are described. But the author's main concern is policy. In the first chapter he asses the more popular theories of aid and finds them more or less superficial. Aid is inescapably political in context and the author pleads for increasing understanding and sophistication in choosing its objectives, methods, and recipients. A national aid policy should be part of over-all foreign policy (the author recommends therefore a cabinet committee on external relations) and should be executed and reviewed by a corps of "aid diplomats" (hence a recommendation for a corps of professional field workers). This book is written both for professional theorists and practitioners of aid and for all those interested in Canadian foreign policy or indeed in evaluating the aid component in any international policy.

Economic assistance, Canadian. --- Canada --- Relations economiques exterieures.

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Relations économiques internationales --- Pays en voie de développement --- Pays industrialisés --- Relations économiques exterieures --- Pays en voie de développement - Relations économiques exterieures

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How easy and uncomplicated was it for an 18th-century, medium-sized, Ottoman trade company to expand its business in the West? Which kind of resources, in terms of knowledge, information, experience, contacts and capital, could guarantee its successful passage from the business environment of a precapitalist oriental market to that of a major commercial and financial center of western Europe? Following the venture of the Ottoman Greek merchants Bartholo and Raphael Cardamici, who in the 1760s traded goods between Smyrna, Constantinople and Amsterdam, Despina Vlami investigates various aspects of the organization and strategy necessary for such an important transition. To expand their wholesale trade business to Amsterdam, the Cardamicis chose as their local correspondent an experienced and strong-minded Dutch merchant, Thomas De Vogel. De Vogel's letters addressed to his Ottoman clients reveal the course of their business transactions and the making of their personal relationship. At the same time, they are comprehensive and efficient tutorials on trade business and strategy guiding the Ottoman Greek merchants through the unpredictable and unfamiliar 18th-century international business universe.

Navigation --- Maritime history --- History --- Relations économiques extérieures --- Commerce maritime --- Netherlands --- Turkey --- Foreign economic relations --- Commerce

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Understanding China’s world role has become one of the crucial intellectual exercises of the 21st Century. A full and sophisticated understanding of that topic requires us to capture some of the key complex and simultaneous interactions between the global and domestic levels in the study of China’s international behavior. The approach adopted here is receptive to work in International Relations that questions the notion that the domestic and international represent two different levels of analysis subject to their own internal logics. It also contributes to a further breaching of the divide between those in China studies who predominantly study China’s domestic society and politics, and those who focus mainly on its external relations. Notable too is the books adoption of a multidisciplinary approach. IR scholars are joined by historians, area studies specialists, social anthropologists, and environmental experts to examine, across three main sections of the book, Chinese conceptions of the country’s status and role in global politics; some of the transnational processes that are transforming China and other parts of the world; and the impact of globalization on China and the domestic responses—from resistance to embrace—that it generates.

China --- Chine --- Foreign relations. --- Foreign economic relations. --- Relations extérieures --- Relations économiques extérieures --- Relations extérieures --- Relations économiques extérieures

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History of Europe --- anno 1200-1799 --- Europe --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Commerce --- -History. --- Economic conditions. --- Geschiedenis van Europa --- Echanges commerciaux --- Relations economiques exterieures