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"Did the Exodus occur? This question has been asked in biblical scholarship since its origin as a modern science. The desire to scientifically resolve this question was a key component in the funding of archaeological excavations in the 19th century. Egyptian archaeologists routinely equated sites with their presumed biblical counterpart. Initially, it was taken for granted that the Exodus had occurred. It was simply a matter of finding the archaeological data to prove it. So far, those results have been for naught. Exodus: An Egyptian Story takes a very real-world approach to understanding the Exodus. It is not a story of cosmic spectaculars that miraculously or coincidentally occurred when a people prepared to leave Egypt. There are no special effects in the telling of this story. Instead the story will be told with real people in the real world doing what real people do. This story of the real-world Exodus is told without reference to the Bible. It is told as if the Bible did not exist. It is told based on the archaeological record in Egypt and in nearby areas such as Canaan, the land of promise. Biblical passages are not quoted. Of course, when the archaeological data is put together it will be done so with the Exodus in mind. It would be foolish to deny the awareness of the story. But it is told from an Egyptian perspective. After all, what would expect Ramses II to say after he had been defied and humiliated? If there is an Egyptian smoking gun for the Exodus, how would you recognize it?"
Exodus --- Hyksos --- 222.3 --- 222.3 Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- 222.3 L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Shepherd kings --- Ramses --- Rameses --- Osymandyas --- Ramesses --- Ramessu --- Ramesse --- Egypt --- Antiquities --- History --- Africa
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"The 'Ten Commandments' stand at the center of the book of Exodus in chapter 20 and provide the key to what the book is about. They refer to the story in Exodus 1-19 that tells who God is and what God has done for Israel. They refer forward to what God expects of Israel in response, as the second half of the book begins to explain in Exodus 20-40."--Publisher's description.
222.3 --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- Bible. --- BIBLES / General --- RELIGION / Biblical Reference / General --- RELIGION / Biblical Reference / Handbooks
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This commentary views Exodus as a cultural document, preserving the collective memories of the Israelites and relating them to the major institutions and beliefs that emerged by the end of the period of the Hebrew Bible. It is intended to help the reader follow the story line of Exodus, understand its socio-cultural context, appreciate its literary features, recognize its major themes and values, and also note its interpretive and moral problems. It explains important concepts and terms as expressed in the Hebrew original so that both people who know Hebrew and those who don't will be able to follow the discussion. Frequent 'closer look' sections examine key elements of the Ancient Near East that bear on the text's meaning, while 'Bridging the Horizons' articles connect this world with the cultural, political and religious environments of today.
Bible. --- 222.3 --- 222.3 Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- 222.3 L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Chʻuraegŭpki (Book of the Old Testament) --- Exodus (Book of the Old Testament) --- Khurūj --- Kitāb-i Shimūt (Book of the Old Testament) --- Shemot --- Sifr al-Khurūj (Book of the Old Testament) --- Shemos --- Arts and Humanities --- Religion
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At the birth of the United States, African Americans were excluded from the newly-formed Republic and its churches, which saw them as savage rather than citizen and as heathen rather than Christian. Denied civil access to the basic rights granted to others, African Americans have developed their own sacred traditions and their own civil discourses. As part of this effort, African American intellectuals offered interpretations of the Bible which were radically different and often fundamentally oppositional to those of many of their white counterparts. By imagining a freedom unconstrained, their work charted a broader and, perhaps, a more genuinely American identity. In Pillars of Cloud and Fire, Herbert Robinson Marbury offers a comprehensive survey of African American biblical interpretation. Each chapter in this compelling volume moves chronologically, from the antebellum period and the Civil War through to the Harlem Renaissance, the civil rights movement, the black power movement, and the Obama era, to offer a historical context for the interpretative activity of that time and to analyze its effect in transforming black social reality. For African American thinkers such as Absalom Jones, David Walker, Zora Neale Hurston, Frances E. W. Harper, Adam Clayton Powell, and Martin Luther King, Jr., the exodus story became the language-world through which freedom both in its sacred resonance and its civil formation found expression. This tradition, Marbury argues, has much to teach us in a world where fundamentalisms have become synonymous with “authentic” religious expression and American identity. For African American biblical interpreters, to be American and to be Christian was always to be open and oriented toward freedom.
Black theology --- Exodus, The --- 222.3 --- 241.1*35 --- 22.06 --- 22.06 Bible: exegese; hermeneutique --- 22.06 Bijbel: exegese; hermeneutiek --- Bible: exegese; hermeneutique --- Bijbel: exegese; hermeneutiek --- 241.1*35 Black theology --- Typology (Theology) --- African American theology --- African Americans --- Blacks --- Theology, Doctrinal --- 222.3 Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- 222.3 L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Typology --- Religion --- Bible --- Black interpretations. --- Black people --- Black theology. --- Typology.
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The single greatest catalyst and contributor to our developing understanding of priestly literature has been Jacob Milgrom (1923-2010), whose seminal articles, provocative hypotheses, and comprehensively probing books vastly expanded and significantly altered scholarship regarding priestly and related literature. Nineteen articles build on Milgrom's work and look to future directions of research. Essays cover a range of topics including the interpretation, composition and literary structure of priestly and holiness texts as well as their relationships to deuteronomic and extra-biblical texts. The book includes a bibliography of Milgrom's work published between 1994 and 2014.
Priests. --- Priests, Jewish. --- Jews --- Pastors --- Clergy --- Priesthood --- Priests --- Milgrom, Jacob, --- Milgrom, J. --- Bible. --- Kitāb-i Va-yīgrā (Book of the Old Testament) --- Lāviyān (Book of the Old Testament) --- Leviticus (Book of the Old Testament) --- Lewigi (Book of the Old Testament) --- Newigi (Book of the Old Testament) --- Ṿa-yiḳra --- Ṿayiḳra (Book of the Old Testament) --- Vayikro --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Priests, Jewish --- 222.3 --- 222.3 Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- 222.3 L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- Exegese Oude Testament --- Bijbelse theologie --- Literatuurwetenschappen --- Tekstkritiek --- Algemeen --- Milgrom, Jacob, - 1923-2010.
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Few phrases in Scripture have occasioned as much discussion as has the “I am who I am” of Exodus 3:14. What does this phrase mean? How does it relate to the divine name, YHWH? Is it an answer to Moses’ question (v. 13), or an evasion of an answer?The trend in late-nineteenth- and twentieth-century scholarly interpretations of this verse was to superimpose later Christian interpretations, which built on Greek and Latin translations, on the Hebrew text. According to such views, the text presents an etymology of the divine name that suggests God’s active presence with Israel or what God will accomplish for Israel; the text does not address the nature or being of God. However, this trend presents challenges to theological interpretation, which seeks to consider critically the value pre-modern Christian readings have for faithful appropriations of Scripture today.In “Too Much to Grasp”: Exodus 3:13?15 and the Reality of God, Andrea Saner argues for an alternative way forward for twenty-first century readings of the passage, using Augustine of Hippo as representative of the misunderstood interpretive tradition. Read within the literary contexts of the received form of the book of Exodus and the Pentateuch as a whole, the literal sense of Exodus 3:13–15 addresses both who God is as well as God’s action. The “I am who I am” of v. 14a expresses indefiniteness; while God reveals himself as YHWH and offers this name for the Israelites to call upon him, God is not exhausted by this revelation but rather remains beyond human comprehension and control.
God --- God (Christianity) --- God (Judaism) --- Name --- Biblical teaching. --- Biblical teaching --- Bible. --- Chʻuraegŭpki (Book of the Old Testament) --- Exodus (Book of the Old Testament) --- Khurūj --- Kitāb-i Shimūt (Book of the Old Testament) --- Shemot --- Sifr al-Khurūj (Book of the Old Testament) --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- 231.133.11 --- 231.12 --- 222.3 --- 221.06 --- 222.3 Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- 222.3 L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- L'Exode. Le Lévitique. Les Nombres --- 221.06 Oud Testament: hermeneutiek; exegese --- Oud Testament: hermeneutiek; exegese --- 231.12 Wezen van God --- Wezen van God --- 231.133.11 Kenbaarheid van God --- Kenbaarheid van God --- Metaphysics --- Misotheism --- Theism --- Name&delete& --- Gegenwart Gottes --- Bibel --- Shemos --- Gott --- Gottesgegenwart --- Göttliche Gegenwart --- Allgegenwart Gottes --- Einwohnung Gottes --- Schekina --- Gegenwart
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Written by leading experts in the field, The Book of Exodus: Composition, Reception, and Interpretation offers a wide-ranging treatment of the main aspects of Exodus. Its twenty-four essays fall under four main sections. The first section contains studies of a more general nature, including the history of Exodus in critical study, Exodus in literary and historical study, as well as the function of Exodus in the Pentateuch. The second section contains commentary on or interpretation of specific passages (or sections) of Exodus, as well as essays on its formation, genres, and themes. The third section contains essays on the textual history and reception of Exodus in Judaism and Christianity. The final section explores the theologies of the book of Exodus.
Bible OT. Pentateuch. Exodus --- Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- 222.3 --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- Bible. --- Chʻuraegŭpki (Book of the Old Testament) --- Exodus (Book of the Old Testament) --- Khurūj --- Kitāb-i Shimūt (Book of the Old Testament) --- Shemot --- Sifr al-Khurūj (Book of the Old Testament) --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- History. --- Theology. --- Shemos
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This volume examines the formation, final form, themes, and interpretation of the Book of Leviticus. Contributors include well-known experts on Leviticus: Baruch Levine, Jacob Milgrom, Graeme Auld, Andreas Ruwe, and James Watts address Leviticus in its compositional and literary context; Alfred Marx, Mary Douglas, Walter Houston, and Adrian Schenker treat issues of cult and sacrifice; and Rene Peter-Contesse, Lester Grabbe, and Calum Carmichael discuss Leviticus on the priesthood. A groundbreaking section on Leviticus in translation and interpretation includes essays by Sarianna Metso and Eugene Ulrich, Martin McNamara, David Lane, Peter Flint, Robert Kugler, Bruce Chilton, Hannah Harrington, Gerhard Bodendorfer, Linda Schearing, and Judith Romney Wegner. These essays will serve students of Leviticus well for long time to come.
Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- 222.3 --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri --- Bible. --- Kitāb-i Va-yīgrā (Book of the Old Testament) --- Lāviyān (Book of the Old Testament) --- Leviticus (Book of the Old Testament) --- Lewigi (Book of the Old Testament) --- Newigi (Book of the Old Testament) --- Ṿa-yiḳra --- Ṿayiḳra (Book of the Old Testament) --- Vayikro --- Criticism, interpretation, etc.
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In der Reihe Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft (BZAW) erscheinen Arbeiten zu sämtlichen Gebieten der alttestamentlichen Wissenschaft. Im Zentrum steht die Hebräische Bibel, ihr Vor- und Nachleben im antiken Judentum sowie ihre vielfache Verzweigung in die benachbarten Kulturen der altorientalischen und hellenistisch-römischen Welt.
Bible --- Criticism, interpretation, etc --- Authorship --- Bible. O.T. Exodus XV, 1 21 --- Bible. O.T. Exodus XV, 1-21 - Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Bible. O.T. Exodus XV, 1-21 - Authorship. --- Theology. --- Christian theology --- Theology --- Theology, Christian --- Christianity --- Religion --- Bible. --- Criticism, interpretation, etc. --- Authorship. --- 222.3 --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri
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For more than four decades, biblical experts have tried to place the story of Exodus into historical context--without success. What could explain the Nile turning to blood, insects swarming the land, and the sky falling to darkness? Integrating biblical accounts with substantive archaeological evidence, The Parting of the Sea looks at how natural phenomena shaped the stories of Exodus, the Sojourn in the Wilderness, and the Israelite conquest of Canaan. Barbara Sivertsen demonstrates that the Exodus was in fact two separate exoduses both triggered by volcanic eruptions--and provides scientific explanations for the ten plagues and the parting of the Red Sea. Over time, Israelite oral tradition combined these events into the Exodus narrative known today. Skillfully unifying textual and archaeological records with details of ancient geological events, Sivertsen shows how the first exodus followed a 1628 B.C.E Minoan eruption that produced all but one of the first nine plagues. The second exodus followed an eruption of a volcano off the Aegean island of Yali almost two centuries later, creating the tenth plague of darkness and a series of tsunamis that "parted the sea" and drowned the pursuing Egyptian army. Sivertsen's brilliant account explains inconsistencies in the biblical story, fits chronologically with the conquest of Jericho, and confirms that the Israelites were in Canaan before the end of the sixteenth century B.C.E. In examining oral traditions and how these practices absorb and process geological details through storytelling, The Parting of the Sea reveals how powerful historical narratives are transformed into myth.
Exodus, The. --- Bible stories, English --- Bible and geology. --- Biblical geology --- Geology, Biblical --- Geology and the Bible --- Geology --- Exodus (Biblical event) --- Jews --- Exodus. --- Exodus --- History --- Bible and geology --- Exodus, The --- 222.3 --- 933.12 --- 933.12 Geschiedenis van het Joodse volk: Mozes en Uittocht; Exodus--(=Laat-brons) --- Geschiedenis van het Joodse volk: Mozes en Uittocht; Exodus--(=Laat-brons) --- Exodus. Leviticus. Numeri
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