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The persistence of indigenous African markets in the context of a hostile or neglectful business and policy environment makes them worthy of analysis. An investigation of Afrocentric business ethics is long overdue. Attempting to understand the actions and efforts of informal traders and artisans from their own points of view, and analysing how they organise and get by, allows for viable approaches to be identified to integrate them into global urban models and cultures. Using the utu-ubuntu model to understand the activities of traders and artisans in Nairobi's markets, this book explores how, despite being consistently excluded and disadvantaged, they shape urban spaces in and around the city, and contribute to its development as a whole. With immense resilience, and without discarding their own socio-cultural or economic values, informal traders and artisans have created a territorial complex that can be described as the African metropolis. African Markets and the Utu-buntu Business Model sheds light on the ethics and values that underpin the work of traders and artisans in Nairobi, as well as their resilience and positive impact on urbanisation. This book makes an important contribution to the discourse on urban economics and planning in African cities.

Informal sector (Economics)

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Alena Ledeneva invites you on a voyage of discovery, to explore society's open secrets, unwritten rules and know-how practices. Broadly defined as 'ways of getting things done', these invisible yet powerful informal practices tend to escape articulation in official discourse. They include emotion-driven exchanges of gifts or favours and tributes for services, interest-driven know-how (from informal welfare to informal employment and entrepreneurship), identity-driven practices of solidarity, and power-driven forms of co-optation and control. The paradox, or not, of the invisibility of these informal practices is their ubiquity. Expertly practised by insiders but often hidden from outsiders, informal practices are, as this book shows, deeply rooted all over the world, yet underestimated in policy. Entries from the five continents presented in this volume are samples of the truly global and ever-growing collection, made possible by a remarkable collaboration of over 200 scholars across disciplines and area studies. By mapping the grey zones, blurred boundaries, types of ambivalence and contexts of complexity, this book creates the first Global Map of Informality. The accompanying database is searchable by region, keyword or type of practice, so do explore what works, how, where and why! Praise for The Global Encyclopaedia of Informality 'The Global Encyclopaedia of Informality represents the beginning of a new era in informality studies. With its wealth of information, diversity, scope, theoretical innovation and artistic skill, this collection touches on all the aspects of social and cultural complexity that need to be integrated into policy thinking.' Predrag Cveti?anin, Centre for Empirical Cultural Studies of South-East Europe, Belgrade, Serbia 'This is a monumental achievement - an indispensable reference for anyone in the social sciences interested in informality.' Martin Holbraad, Professor of Social Anthropology, UCL, and editor-in-chief of Social Analysis 'This impressive work helps us understand our complex times by showing how power develops through informal practices, mobilizing emotional, cognitive and relational mechanisms in strategies of survival, but also of camouflage and governance.' Donatella della Porta, Director of Centre of Social Movements Studies, Scuola normale superiore, Firenze, Italy 'An impressive, informative, and intriguing collection. With evident passion and patience, the team of 250 researchers insightfully portrays the multiplicity of informal and often invisible expressions of human interdependence.' Subi Rangan, Professor of Strategy and Management, INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France 'This compendium of terms used in different cultures to express aspects of informal economy provides a unique supplement to studies of a major (yet understated by academic economics) social issue. It will be of key significance for in-depth teaching of sociology, economics and history.' Teodor Shanin, OBE Professor and President of the Moscow School of Social and Economic Sciences 'Modern states have sought to curb, control and subdue informality. The entries in the Global Encyclopaedia demonstrate the endurance of informality over such efforts. More recently, the rise and political success of anti-establishment movements in so many parts of the world is a wide-ranging challenge and delegitimisation of national and transnational formal institutions of governance. Understanding the perceived shortcomings of formal institutions and the appeal of anti-establishment movements must at least in part be informed by a study of informality and its networks. This Encyclopaedia is essential reading if we wish to understand and engage with these challenges of our age.' Fredrik Galtung, Chairman, Integrity Action.

Informal sector (Economics) --- Social interaction.

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This volume, the result of a creative collaboration between research and action, is aimed at highlighting the contribution of informal workers to the Indian economy. It provides a unique perspective on informal employment in India, from both a macro and a micro perspective. The contributors put forth the argument that while the informal economy already has a place in official statistics, the existing methods of data collection are inadequate to capture the actual size of this sector or to measure its significant contribution to macroeconomic aggregates. They also maintain that there is a need

Income distribution --- Informal sector (Economics) --- Labor supply

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Ante el grave problema del desempleo que se ha agudizado en países como México a mediados de los años noventa, la economía de los países pobres ha mostrado una extraordinaria capacidad de echar mano de sus recursos para salir adelante, aunque a costa de imponer a sus miembros mayores cargas: multiempleo para los hombres, doble jornada para la mujer, ocupación infantil. Todo, en el marco del aprovechamiento de los recursos de la pobreza: las redes de solidaridad, la ayuda mutua, y, sobre todo, la utilización de la familia como base de la unidad de producción y de consumo. En el libro se examinan algunos de los fenómenos más relevantes en torno al papel que desempeñan el sector informal y la microempresa en México y en otros países latinoamericanos, ante el actual proceso de globalización económica.

Microeconomics --- Economic structure --- Mexico --- Small business --- Informal sector (Economics)

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"Social Contracts and Informal Workers in the Global South draws on the accounts of informal workers, who represent over 60 per cent of the global workforce, to advocate for radically new conceptualizations of state-society, capital-labour and state-capital-labour relations, illustrating how current social contracts may be considered inadequate, irrelevant or unjust. Bridging social contract theories, both mainstream and critical, and the experiences of informal workers - self-employed, wage employed and sub-contracted - this book sheds light on how many existing social contract models stigmatize informal workers and do not offer legal or social protection. Instead of ideologically driven 'top-down' calls to revitalize the social contract, it advocates for 'bottom-up' initiatives focused on the demands of the working poor in the informal economy. With a wealth of cross-national evidence, as well as promising case studies, this timely and thought-provoking book will prove vital for scholars and researchers of informal workers and of state-capital-labour relations; and for policy makers negotiating new social contracts"--

Social contract. --- Informal sector (Economics) --- Social compact --- Consensus (Social sciences) --- Political science --- Sociology --- Sovereignty