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Amidst impending climate change and enhanced pollution levels around the globe, the need of the hour is to develop bio-based materials that are sustainable and possess comparable performance properties to their synthetic counterparts. In light of the aforementioned, numerous investigations are being conducted to identify, process, and create materials that are concurrently innocuous towards the environment and have superior properties. This book is a collection of such scientific articles that propagate novel ideas for the development of polymeric composite materials, which have application potential in numerous fields such as medicine, automobile, aviation, construction, etc. It also contains a pedagogical article that proposes some strategies to continue experimental research during pandemics. This book will provide readers a quick glance into recent developments regarding polymeric materials and will encourage them to propagate these research ideas further.

solid urban waste --- formaldehyde --- durability --- electrical properties --- mechanical properties --- recycling --- epoxy resin --- flammability --- heat release rate --- microscale combustion calorimetry --- multiple linear regression --- adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system --- polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) --- bionanocomposites --- nanomechanical behaviour --- thin films --- particle size --- model free --- model fitting --- avrami–eroféev --- DAEM --- superhydrophobic surfaces --- self-healing --- natural hierarchical microstructures --- wood --- bio-composite --- linear low density polyethylene --- performance --- straws --- biocomposites --- nanofibers --- electrospinning --- cell culture --- graphene oxide --- barrier properties --- poly(lactic acid) --- clay --- nanocomposite --- permeability --- bacterial cellulose --- metal organic framework --- adsorption --- chitosan --- composite nanofibers --- silk fibroin --- polycaprolactone --- Taguchi --- rheological properties --- DMA --- injection molding --- thermal properties --- natural fibers --- biochar --- carbon fillers --- nanocomposites --- flame retardants --- fire --- n/a --- PHB --- natural fiber --- compatibilizer --- cellulose --- biocomposite --- avrami-eroféev

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Nowadays, we are witnessing highly dynamic research activities related to the intriguing field of biodegradable materials with plastic-like properties. These activities are stimulated by the strengthened public awareness of prevailing ecological issues connected to growing piles of plastic waste and increasing greenhouse gas emissions; this goes hand-in-hand with the ongoing depletion of fossil feedstocks, which are traditionally used to produce full carbon backbone polymers. Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) biopolyesters, a family of plastic-like materials with versatile material properties, are increasing considered to be a future-oriented solution for diminishing these concerns. PHA production is based on renewable resources and occurs in a bio-mediated fashion through the action of living organisms. If accomplished in an optimized way, PHA production and the entire PHA lifecycle are embedded into nature´s closed cycles of carbon. Sustainable and efficient PHA production requires understanding and improvement of all the individual process steps. Holistic improvement of PHA production, applicable on an industrially relevant scale, calls for, inter alia, consolidated knowledge about the enzymatic and genetic particularities of PHA-accumulating organisms, an in-depth understanding of the kinetics of the bioprocess, the selection of appropriate inexpensive fermentation feedstocks, tailoring of PHA composition at the level of its monomeric constituents, optimized biotechnological engineering, and novel strategies for PHA recovery from biomass characterized by low energy and chemical requirements. This Special Issue represents a comprehensive compilation of articles in which these individual aspects have been addressed by globally recognized experts.

Cupriavidus necator --- alginate --- tissue engineering --- PAT --- simulation --- terpolyester --- high cell density cultivation --- process simulation --- selective laser sintering --- gaseous substrates --- microaerophilic --- in-line monitoring --- Pseudomonas sp. --- additive manufacturing --- fed-batch --- terpolymer --- on-line --- bubble column bioreactor --- biopolymer --- fused deposition modeling --- biomaterials --- polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) --- Pseudomonas putida --- fed-batch fermentation --- blends --- upstream processing --- wound healing --- activated charcoal --- downstream processing --- Archaea --- polyhydroxyalkanoates processing --- film --- bioreactor --- medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) --- poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) --- Ralstonia eutropha --- hydrolysate detoxification --- extremophiles --- Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) --- process analytical technologies --- PHA composition --- COMSOL --- non-Newtonian fluid --- tequila bagasse --- biopolyester --- biosurfactants --- Haloferax --- PHA --- phenolic compounds --- polyhydroxybutyrate --- PHB --- in-line --- Pseudomonas --- haloarchaea --- plant oil --- PHA processing --- bioeconomy --- delivery system --- P(3HB-co-3HV-co-4HB) --- productivity --- electrospinning --- cyanobacteria --- waste streams --- polyhydroxyalkanoates --- oxygen transfer --- polyhydroxyalkanoate --- biomedical application --- photon density wave spectroscopy --- carbon dioxide --- salinity --- PDW --- rheology --- halophiles --- feedstocks --- high-cell-density fed-batch --- biomedicine --- process engineering --- bioprocess design --- viscosity --- computer-aided wet-spinning --- microorganism --- Cupriavidus malaysiensis --- poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHVB)