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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

One Health --- wildlife --- Zoonotic disease --- evolutionary ecology --- disease ecology --- Conservation Medicine

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Humans have lived in close proximity to other animals for thousands of years. Recent scientific studies have even shown that the presence of animals has a positive effect on our physical and mental health. People with pets typically have lower blood pressure, show fewer symptoms of depression, and tend to get more exercise. But there is a darker side to the relationship between animals and humans. Animals are carriers of harmful infectious agents and the source of a myriad of human diseases. In recent years, the emergence of high-profile illnesses such as AIDS, SARS, West Nile virus, and bird flu has drawn much public attention, but as E. Fuller Torrey and Robert H. Yolken reveal, the transfer of deadly microbes from animals to humans is neither a new nor an easily avoided problem. Beginning with the domestication of farm animals nearly 10,000 years ago, Beasts of the Earth traces the ways that human-animal contact has evolved over time. Today, shared living quarters, overlapping ecosystems, and experimental surgical practices where organs or tissues are transplanted from non-humans into humans continue to open new avenues for the transmission of infectious agents. Other changes in human behavior like increased air travel, automated food processing, and threats of bioterrorism are increasing the contagion factor by transporting microbes further distances and to larger populations in virtually no time at all. While the authors urge that a better understanding of past diseases may help us lessen the severity of some illnesses, they also warn that, given our increasingly crowded planet, it is not a question of if but when and how often animal-transmitted diseases will pose serious challenges to human health in the future.

Disease Transmission --- Disease Outbreaks --- Zoonoses --- Animal-borne diseases --- Communicable diseases between animals and human beings --- Zoonotic diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Animals as carriers of disease --- Zoonotic Diseases --- Zoonotic Infections --- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases --- Zoonotic Spillover --- Disease, Zoonotic --- Disease, Zoonotic Infectious --- Diseases, Zoonotic --- Diseases, Zoonotic Infectious --- Infection, Zoonotic --- Infections, Zoonotic --- Infectious Disease, Zoonotic --- Infectious Diseases, Zoonotic --- Spillovers, Zoonotic --- Zoonotic Disease --- Zoonotic Infection --- Zoonotic Infectious Disease --- Zoonotic Spillovers --- Disease Reservoirs --- Public Health --- Communicable Diseases, Emerging --- Infectious Disease Outbreaks --- Outbreaks --- Disease Outbreak --- Disease Outbreak, Infectious --- Disease Outbreaks, Infectious --- Infectious Disease Outbreak --- Outbreak, Disease --- Outbreak, Infectious Disease --- Outbreaks, Disease --- Outbreaks, Infectious Disease

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Transboundary animal diseases --- Animals --- Veterinary medicine --- Animaux --- Médecine vétérinaire --- Peridicals --- Diseases --- Periodicals. --- Maladies transfrontières --- Périodiques --- Maladies --- Animal Diseases. --- Veterinary Medicine. --- Zoonoses. --- Disease Outbreaks. --- Veterinary medicine. --- Life Sciences --- Animal Physiology --- Veterinary epidemiology --- Farriery --- Large animal medicine --- Large animal veterinary medicine --- Livestock medicine --- Veterinary science --- Infectious Disease Outbreaks --- Outbreaks --- Disease Outbreak --- Disease Outbreak, Infectious --- Disease Outbreaks, Infectious --- Infectious Disease Outbreak --- Outbreak, Disease --- Outbreak, Infectious Disease --- Outbreaks, Disease --- Outbreaks, Infectious Disease --- Zoonotic Diseases --- Zoonotic Infections --- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases --- Disease, Zoonotic --- Disease, Zoonotic Infectious --- Diseases, Zoonotic --- Diseases, Zoonotic Infectious --- Infection, Zoonotic --- Infections, Zoonotic --- Infectious Disease, Zoonotic --- Infectious Diseases, Zoonotic --- Zoonotic Disease --- Zoonotic Infection --- Zoonotic Infectious Disease --- Medicine, Veterinary --- Diseases, Animal --- Disease --- veterinary --- Animal Diseases --- Veterinary Medicine --- Zoonoses --- Disease Outbreaks --- Veterinary --- Medicine --- Animal health --- Domestic animals --- Livestock --- Space-Time Clustering --- Disease Reservoirs --- Public Health --- Communicable Diseases, Emerging --- Animal Husbandry --- Losses --- veterinary. --- Zoonotic Spillover --- Spillovers, Zoonotic --- Zoonotic Spillovers --- Animal diseases --- pathology

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Pathogenic microorganisms. --- Medical microbiology. --- Virulence (Microbiology) --- Virus Diseases. --- Communicable Diseases, Emerging. --- Virulence. --- Zoonoses. --- Virus Physiological Phenomena. --- Physiology, Viral --- Viral Physiological Concepts --- Viral Physiological Phenomena --- Viral Physiological Process --- Virus Physiological Concepts --- Virus Physiological Phenomenon --- Virus Physiological Process --- Virus Physiology --- Viral Physiological Processes --- Viral Physiology --- Virus Physiological Processes --- Concept, Viral Physiological --- Concept, Virus Physiological --- Concepts, Viral Physiological --- Concepts, Virus Physiological --- Phenomena, Viral Physiological --- Phenomena, Virus Physiological --- Phenomenon, Virus Physiological --- Phenomenons, Virus Physiological --- Physiological Process, Viral --- Physiological Process, Virus --- Physiological Processes, Viral --- Physiological Processes, Virus --- Physiology, Virus --- Process, Viral Physiological --- Process, Virus Physiological --- Processes, Viral Physiological --- Processes, Virus Physiological --- Viral Physiological Concept --- Virus Physiological Concept --- Viruses --- Zoonotic Diseases --- Zoonotic Infections --- Zoonotic Infectious Diseases --- Zoonotic Spillover --- Disease, Zoonotic --- Disease, Zoonotic Infectious --- Diseases, Zoonotic --- Diseases, Zoonotic Infectious --- Infection, Zoonotic --- Infections, Zoonotic --- Infectious Disease, Zoonotic --- Infectious Diseases, Zoonotic --- Spillovers, Zoonotic --- Zoonotic Disease --- Zoonotic Infection --- Zoonotic Infectious Disease --- Zoonotic Spillovers --- Disease Reservoirs --- Public Health --- Communicable Diseases, Emerging --- Pathogenicity --- Virulence Factors --- Communicable Diseases, Re-Emerging --- Communicable Diseases, Reemerging --- Infectious Diseases, Re-Emerging --- Infectious Diseases, Reemerging --- Infectious Diseases, Emerging --- Communicable Disease, Emerging --- Communicable Disease, Re-Emerging --- Communicable Disease, Reemerging --- Communicable Diseases, Re Emerging --- Disease, Emerging Communicable --- Disease, Emerging Infectious --- Disease, Re-Emerging Communicable --- Disease, Re-Emerging Infectious --- Disease, Reemerging Communicable --- Disease, Reemerging Infectious --- Diseases, Emerging Communicable --- Diseases, Emerging Infectious --- Diseases, Re-Emerging Communicable --- Diseases, Re-Emerging Infectious --- Diseases, Reemerging Communicable --- Diseases, Reemerging Infectious --- Emerging Communicable Disease --- Emerging Communicable Diseases --- Emerging Infectious Disease --- Emerging Infectious Diseases --- Infectious Disease, Emerging --- Infectious Disease, Re-Emerging --- Infectious Disease, Reemerging --- Infectious Diseases, Re Emerging --- Re-Emerging Communicable Disease --- Re-Emerging Communicable Diseases --- Re-Emerging Infectious Disease --- Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases --- Reemerging Communicable Disease --- Reemerging Communicable Diseases --- Reemerging Infectious Disease --- Reemerging Infectious Diseases --- Communicable Diseases, Imported --- Zoonoses --- Viral Diseases --- Viral Infections --- Virus Infections --- Disease, Viral --- Disease, Virus --- Diseases, Viral --- Diseases, Virus --- Infection, Viral --- Infection, Virus --- Infections, Viral --- Infections, Virus --- Viral Disease --- Viral Infection --- Virus Disease --- Virus Infection --- Microbial virulence --- Pathogenic microorganisms --- Disease-causing microorganisms --- Micro-organisms, Pathogenic --- Pathogens --- Microorganisms --- Medical microbiology --- physiology --- Virus Diseases --- Virulence --- Virus Physiological Phenomena