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This book is a collection of recent developments, methodologies, calibration and validation techniques, and applications of thermal remote sensing data and derived products from UAV-based, aerial, and satellite remote sensing. A set of 15 papers written by a total of 70 authors was selected for this book. The published papers cover a wide range of topics, which can be classified in five groups: algorithms, calibration and validation techniques, improvements in long-term consistency in satellite LST, downscaling of LST, and LST applications and land surface emissivity research.

Land Surface Temperature (LST) --- satellite retrievals of LST --- LST from GOES satellites --- land surface temperature --- drones --- unmanned aerial vehicles --- thermal remote sensing --- MODIS --- Bayesian Maximum Entropy --- interpolation --- Himalaya --- air temperature --- topography --- Landsat --- split window algorithm --- TIRS --- thermal --- Landsat 8 --- stray light correction --- split-window algorithm --- single-channel algorithm --- AMSR2 --- annual cycle parameters --- random forest --- cloudy sky LST --- evapotranspiration --- data fusion --- field-scale --- machine-learning --- physical model --- Sentinel-2 --- Sentinel-3 --- Downscaling --- thermal infrared --- disaggregation --- Copernicus --- hyperspectral thermal infrared --- spectral smoothness --- temperature-emissivity separation --- sensitivity analysis --- noise --- land surface temperature (LST) --- daytime LST --- nighttime LST --- validation --- land surface emissivity (LSE) --- single channel algorithm --- radiative transfer equation --- mono window algorithm --- SURFRAD data --- GK2A --- split-window method --- BSRN --- LST --- downscaling --- LSA-SAF --- Sentinel 2 --- DEM --- spatial averaging biases --- land surface emissivity --- measurement uncertainties --- emissivity box method --- Fourier transform infrared spectrometer --- portable spectrometer --- n/a

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Emissivity --- Nanostructured materials --- Nanomatériaux --- Emissivity. --- Nanostructured materials. --- Materials science. --- Physical chemistry. --- Polymers. --- Nanotechnology. --- Optical materials. --- Electronic materials. --- Materials Science. --- Materials Science, general. --- Nanotechnology and Microengineering. --- Polymer Sciences. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Physical Chemistry. --- Polymere --- Polymeride --- Polymers and polymerization --- Molecular technology --- Nanoscale technology --- Chemistry, Theoretical --- Physical chemistry --- Theoretical chemistry --- Material science --- Electronic materials --- Optics --- Materials --- Macromolecules --- High technology --- Chemistry --- Physical sciences --- Materials. --- Engineering. --- Chemistry, Physical organic. --- Chemistry, Physical organic --- Chemistry, Organic --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Engineering --- Engineering materials --- Industrial materials --- Engineering design --- Manufacturing processes --- Polymers  .

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In recent decades, remote sensing technology has been incorporated in numerous mineral exploration projects in metallogenic provinces around the world. Multispectral and hyperspectral sensors play a significant role in affording unique data for mineral exploration and environmental hazard monitoring. This book covers the advances of remote sensing data processing algorithms in mineral exploration, and the technology can be used in monitoring and decision-making in relation to environmental mining hazard. This book presents state-of-the-art approaches on recent remote sensing and GIS-based mineral prospectivity modeling, offering excellent information to professional earth scientists, researchers, mineral exploration communities and mining companies.

Toroud–Chahshirin Magmatic Belt (TCMB) --- remote sensing --- ASTER --- hydrothermally altered zones --- polymetallic vein-type mineralization --- emissivity --- emissivity normalization method --- dolomite --- phosphorite --- relative band depth (RBD) --- Bowers Terrane --- listvenite --- hydrothermal/metasomatic alteration minerals --- damage zones --- Northern Victoria Land --- Antarctica --- multispectral and radar data --- data fusion --- gold mineralization --- Wadi Beitan–Wadi Rahaba --- structural control --- Najd Fault System --- South Eastern Desert --- Egypt --- hyperspectral --- Goldstrike --- Carlin-type --- decarbonatization --- argillization --- Advanced Space borne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) --- Sentinel 2 --- Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data --- Egyptian Eastern Desert --- transpression and transtension zones --- Landsat-8 --- WorldView-3 --- the Inglefield Mobile Belt (IMB) --- copper-gold mineralization --- High Arctic regions --- epithermal gold --- hydrothermal alteration --- Ahar-Arasbaran region --- Landsat-7 ETM+ --- Bayesian Network Classifiers --- hyperspectral imaging --- drill-core --- SWIR --- mineral abundance mapping --- mineral association --- machine learning --- band ratios --- principal component analysis (PCA) --- fuzzy logic modeling --- Kashmar–Kerman tectonic zone (KKTZ) --- carbonate-hosted Pb-Zn mineralization --- Iran --- dimensionality reduction --- principal component analysis --- independent component analysis --- minimum noise fraction --- fuzzy logic --- riverbed --- metals --- electrical resistivity imaging --- tailings --- Mar Menor --- Cartagena–La Unión --- unmanned aerial systems --- multispectral --- magnetic --- geologic mapping --- drones --- UAV --- dust dispersion --- spectra --- canopy scale --- pixel scale --- mining area --- mineral exploration --- multispectral and hyperspectral data --- mining

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The Advanced Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) is a research facility instrument on NASA’s Terra spacecraft. We celebrated the 20th anniversary of ASTER’s launch in December 1999. ASTER has been providing high spatial resolution multispectral data in the VNIR, SWIR, and TIR regions, and along-track stereo data. Starting April 2016, ASTER data have been distributed to the public at no cost. Another important and the most popular data set is the ASTER Global DEM, which covers almost the entire land surface at a 30 m grid size. ASTER data have been widely used in a variety of application areas such as land surface mapping and change detection, volcano and other natural hazard monitoring, mineral exploration, and urban heat island monitoring. This Special Issue consists of 12 papers (2 reviews, 9 articles, and 1 technical note) and covers topics including development of new techniques to process ASTER data, calibration activities to ensure long-term consistency of ASTER data, validation of the ASTER data products, and scientific achievements using ASTER data.

emissivity --- n/a --- vicarious calibration --- digital elevation model --- optical sensor --- loess --- Terra ASTER --- land-surface temperature --- lithological mapping --- sediment transport pathways --- Mosaic --- validation --- thermal infrared --- Terra MODIS --- True Color imagery --- ASTER multispectral data --- fluvial --- water body detection --- morphology --- MOD35 --- lunar calibration --- cloud coverage --- volcanic processes --- Wudalianchi volcano --- Ming Dynasty --- Artificial Neural Network --- permafrost --- ASTER --- Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) --- stereo --- erosion --- Mako --- geologic mapping --- Algodones --- future concepts --- 3D perspective view --- observation scheduler --- earthen Great Wall --- thermal infrared data --- lithology --- mineral exploration --- VNIR --- cloud mask --- cloud avoidance --- aeolian --- phase change --- mission operations --- temperature --- global database --- zero curtain effect --- image archive --- mineral system --- deposition --- DEM --- MODIS --- success rate --- uncertain flag --- TES algorithm --- ASTER instrument --- radiometric calibration --- mineral mapping --- atmospheric correction --- TIR

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This book provides a practical introduction to remote sensing applications for detecting changes in the terrestrial water cycle and understanding the causes and consequences of these changes. Covering a wide range of innovative remote sensing approaches for hydrological study, this book contributes significantly to the knowledge base of hydrology in the Anthropocene, i.e., global change hydrology. It is an excellent reference for students and professionals in the fields of hydrology, climate change, and geography.

hydrological cycle --- Three-North region --- climate change --- land cover change --- Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model --- evapotranspiration --- runoff --- soil moisture --- three-temperature model --- infrared remote sensing --- urban hedges --- cooling effects --- irrigation mapping --- remote sensing --- random forest --- subhumid region --- dry-wet regime --- vegetation dynamics --- GLDAS --- GIMMS --- Yarlung Zangbo River --- Microwave emissivity difference vegetation index (EDVI) --- evapotranspiration (ET) --- satellite remote sensing --- cloudy sky --- clouds and earth’s radiation energy system (CERES) --- ChinaFLUX --- precipitation classification --- K-nearest neighbor --- Doppler radar --- Tropical Precipitation Measurement Mission (TRMM) --- irrigation signal --- SMAP --- irrigation intensity --- winter wheat --- precipitation --- evaluation --- error analysis --- Fengyun --- quantitative precipitation estimates --- GPM --- IMERG --- deep learning --- Daihai Lake --- Huangqihai Lake --- lake degradation --- weather radar quantitative precipitation estimation --- rain gauge --- radar-rain gauge merging --- leave-one-out cross validation --- verification --- China --- exorheic catchments --- water balance --- GRACE --- terrestrial water storage changes --- reservoir storage --- MODIS --- SRTM --- n/a --- clouds and earth's radiation energy system (CERES)