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Numeral Classifier Systems considers the functional significance of the Japanese numeral system, its conclusions based on a corpus of 500 uses of classifier constructions drawn from oral and written Japanese texts.Interestingly, although the Japanese system appears to conform at least superficially to universalistic predictions about its semantic structure, this study reports that in actual usage, the semantic role of classifiers is slight - only very rarely do they carry any lexical information unavailable from the context or the noun with which the classifier occurs.

Japanese language --- Grammar --- J5240 --- Japan: Language -- grammar -- adjectives and numerals --- Koguryo language --- Numerals. --- Classifiers.

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"We tend to think of numbers as inherently objective and precise. Yet the diverse ways in which ancient Greeks used numbers illustrates that counting is actually shaped by context-specific and culturally-dependent choices: what should be counted and how, who should count, and how should the results be shared? This volume is the first to focus on the generation and use of numbers in the polis to quantify, communicate and persuade. Its papers demonstrate the rich insights that can be gained into ancient Greek societies by reappraising seemingly straightforward examples of quantification as reflections of daily life and cultural understanding"--

Mathematics, Greek. --- Numeration --- Numerals --- Greek language --- History --- Numerals. --- Greece --- Politics and government --- Classical languages --- Indo-European languages --- Classical philology --- Greek philology --- Number theory --- Greek mathematics --- Geometry --- Caves Greece --- Numeration.

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Grammar, Comparative and general --- Historical linguistics. --- Typology (Linguistics) --- Language and languages --- Linguistic typology --- Linguistics --- Linguistic universals --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and history --- Numerals. --- Typology --- Classification --- History --- Nominals --- Historical linguistics --- Linguistique historique --- Typologie (Linguistique) --- Numerals --- Philology --- Grammar, Comparative and general - Numerals.

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Outlandish as it may seem to the uninitiated, the meaning of English cardinal numbers has been the object of many heated and fascinating debates. Notwithstanding the numerous important objections that have been formulated in the last three decades, the (neo-)Gricean, scalar account is still the standard semantic description of numerals. In this book, Bultinck writes the history of this implicature-driven approach and demonstrates that it suffers from methodological insecurity and postulates highly non-conventional meanings of numerals as their "literal meaning", while it confuses the level of lexical semantics with that of utterances and cannot deal with a large number of counter-examples. Relying on the results of an extensive corpus-based analysis, an alternative account of the meaning of English cardinals and the ways in which their interpretation is influenced by other linguistic elements is presented. As such, this analysis constitutes a prism that offers todays linguist an iridescent history of one of the most fascinating, if often misconstrued, topics in contemporary meaning research: the conversational implicatures.

English language --- Cardinal numbers. --- Arithmetic, Cardinal --- Cardinal arithmetic --- Cardinals (Numbers) --- Numbers, Cardinal --- Set theory --- Transfinite numbers --- Numerals. --- Semantics. --- Semasiology --- Nominals --- Grice, H. P. --- Grice, Paul --- Cardinal numbers --- 802.0-56 --- 802.0-56 Engels: syntaxis; semantiek --- Engels: syntaxis; semantiek --- Numerals --- Semantics --- Lexicology. Semantics --- Grice, H. Paul --- English language Semantics --- Germanic languages

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The book embeds a description and an analysis of the Old English numeral system into a broader, cross-linguistic discussion. It provides a theoretical framework for the study of numerals and numeral systems of natural languages, bridging the gap between recent findings in the cognitive sciences on numeracy and the known typological generalisations on cardinal numerals. The Old English numeral system shows a number of peculiarities not found in the present-day languages of Europe. Its detailed description is therefore an ideal locus for studying the features of linguistic number expressions in terms of their morpho-syntactic properties and of the structure of numeral systems.The approach is innovative in that it combines a detailed analysis of the numeral system with the analysis of the grammatical properties of cardinal numerals. For the description of Old English, the study focuses on aspects of information structure and of referent identification in quantificational constructions. This leads to a novel perspective on the language-internal variation in the agreement patterns between numerals and quantified nouns, allowing the author to test and refine some long standing tenets in the study of numerals and to offer alternative explanations. Rather than seeing numerals as a hybrid word class, the author argues that this variation in the morpho-syntactic behaviour follows identifiable patterns specific to the word class numeral. He accounts for these patterns by positing different, cross-linguistically uniform stages in the emergence of numeral systems, as well as varying degrees of discreteness of the quantified noun. Moreover, the author demonstrates that the constraints determining this variation in Old English have obvious parallels across languages.

English language --- Cardinal numbers. --- Numeration. --- Comparative linguistics. --- Historical linguistics. --- Diachronic linguistics --- Dynamic linguistics --- Evolutionary linguistics --- Language and languages --- Language and history --- Linguistics --- Comparative philology --- Philology, Comparative --- Historical linguistics --- Number theory --- Arithmetic, Cardinal --- Cardinal arithmetic --- Cardinals (Numbers) --- Numbers, Cardinal --- Set theory --- Transfinite numbers --- Germanic languages --- Numerals. --- History --- Cardinal numbers --- Comparative linguistics --- Numeration --- Numerals --- Grammar --- anno 500-1199 --- English /Language. --- Historical Linguistics.