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Social archaeology --- Landscape archaeology --- Human ecology --- Deserts --- Land settlement --- History --- Egypt --- Antiquities --- Social archaeology. --- Archéologie sociale --- Archéologie du paysage --- Ecologie humaine --- Colonisation intérieure --- Histoire --- Egypte --- Antiquités --- Deserts - History --- Land settlement - History --- Egypt - Antiquities

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Cet ouvrage présente une approche anthropologique des transferts de technologies qui relève d'une trajectoire entièrement originale où l'anthropologie des techniques se combine à l'analyse ergonomique du travail pour répondre à ce que l'on nomme classiquement une « demande sociale ». Sur le littoral de Guinée, les populations susu utilisent traditionnellement d'importantes quantités de bois pour produire du sel. Ces techniques contribuent la déforestation des zones de mangrove. Depuis plusieurs années, des actions sont engagées pour prévenir ce phénomène. Beaucoup ont échoué faute de tenir compte des pratiques des populations dans leur environnement. Un programme s'est démarqué des actions précédentes. Il proposait de transférer des modules de production de sel qui ne nécessitent aucune utilisation de bois. Pour les concepteurs du projet, le succès du transfert de l'innovation était étroitement dépendant des dimensions sociales et culturelles des populations. L'auteur nous fait entrer au cœur du transfert. On découvre les univers respectifs des hommes, le rôle de l'histoire et les oppositions d'intérêts. Au fil des pages, d'étonnants réseaux d'acteurs apparaissent. L'implication de l'ethnologue est au centre de l'ouvrage. On parcourt les phases de son action, de l'analyse de la demande à la présentation des résultats qui ont orienté les acteurs du programme vers la mise en œuvre de choix techniques mieux adaptés aux dimensions sociales et culturelles des contextes de réception. Le lecteur trouvera dans cet ouvrage des éléments de méthode qui devraient alimente! les débats sur l'intégration et le rôle des sciences sociales dans le cadre des transferts de technologies.

Economic anthropology --- Technology transfer --- Agriculture --- Human engineering. --- Susu (African people) --- Sel --- Salines --- Marais salants --- Écologie des mangroves --- Transfert de technologie --- Technologie --- Soussou (Peuple d'Afrique) --- Social aspects --- Anthropological aspects. --- Social life and customs. --- Industrie --- Aspect anthropologique. --- Aspect anthropologique --- globalisering --- mondialisering --- Ethnology --- Salt industry and trade --- Anthropologie sociale et culturelle --- Écologie des mangroves --- Soso (African people) --- Sosso (African people) --- Soussou (African people) --- Susso (African people) --- Ergonomics --- Human factors in engineering design --- Bioengineering --- Environmental engineering --- Industrial engineering --- Human comfort --- Human-robot interaction --- Technological transfer --- Transfer of technology --- Diffusion of innovations --- Inventions --- Research, Industrial --- Technology and international relations --- Foreign licensing agreements --- Technological forecasting --- Technological innovations --- Technology --- Anthropology --- Commerce, Primitive --- Economics, Primitive --- Economics --- International cooperation --- transfert de technologie --- écologie --- anthropologie --- industrie --- Guinée --- marais salant --- sel --- mangrove --- commerce

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International Polar Year, 2007-2008. --- Climatic changes --- Année Internationale Polaire, 2007-2008 --- Climat --- Detection --- Congresses. --- Changements --- Détection --- Congrès --- Polar regions --- Arctic regions --- Régions polaires --- Arctique --- Research --- Congresses --- Recherche --- International Polar Year, 2007-2008 --- Antarctica --- Environmental conditions --- 55 <98> --- Earth sciences. Geology. Meteorology etc.-- Arctic territories --- Année Internationale Polaire, 2007-2008 --- Détection --- Congrès --- Régions polaires --- Science --- Science research --- Scientific research --- Information services --- Learning and scholarship --- Methodology --- Research teams --- IPY, 2007-2008 --- Special years --- Changes, Climatic --- Climate change --- Climate changes --- Climate variations --- Climatic change --- Climatic fluctuations --- Climatic variations --- Global climate changes --- Global climatic changes --- Climatology --- Climate change mitigation --- Teleconnections (Climatology) --- Environmental aspects --- Cold regions --- Arctic --- Arctic Ocean Region --- Arctic, The --- Far North --- The Arctic --- Antarctic regions --- Changes in climate --- Climate change science --- Global environmental change --- Research - Polar regions - Congresses --- Climatic changes - Detection - Polar regions - Congresses --- Polar regions - Research - Congresses --- Arctic regions - Research - Congresses --- Antarctica - Research - Congresses --- Polar regions - Environmental conditions - Congresses --- Année polaire internationale (2007-2008) --- Ecologie des régions polaires --- Climat polaire

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This is the first environmental history of China during the three thousand years for which there are written records. It is also a treasure trove of literary, political, aesthetic, scientific, and religious sources, which allow the reader direct access to the views and feelings of the Chinese people toward their environment and their landscape. Elvin chronicles the spread of the Chinese style of farming that eliminated the habitat of the elephants that populated the country alongside much of its original wildlife ; the destruction of most of the forests ; the impact of war on the environmental transformation of the landscape ; and the re-engineering of the countryside through water-control systems, some of gigantic size. He documents the histories of three contrasting localities within China to show how ecological dynamics defined the lives of the inhabitants. And he shows that China in the eighteenth century, on the eve of the modern era, was probably more environmentally degraded than northwestern Europe around this time. Indispensable for its new perspective on long-term Chinese history and its explanation of the roots of China's present-day environmental crisis, this book opens a door into the Chinese past.

Deforestation --- Elephants --- Environmental degradation --- Human ecology --- History --- Migration --- History of Asia --- Environmental protection. Environmental technology --- China --- S20/0500 --- S04/0400 --- China: Agriculture forestry, fishery, natural disasters--Environmental policy, pollution --- China: History--General works: China --- History. --- Ecology --- Environment, Human --- Human beings --- Human environment --- Ecological engineering --- Human geography --- Nature --- Degradation, Environmental --- Destruction, Environmental --- Deterioration, Environmental --- Environmental destruction --- Environmental deterioration --- Natural disasters --- Environmental quality --- Elephantidae --- Pachyderms --- Proboscidea (Mammals) --- Conversion, Forest --- Depletion of forests --- Disforestation --- Forest conversion --- Forest depletion --- Forest-land conversion --- Clearing of land --- Forest fires --- Plants --- Social aspects --- Effect of environment on --- Effect of human beings on --- Extinction --- Cina --- Kinë --- Cathay --- Chinese National Government --- Chung-kuo kuo min cheng fu --- Republic of China (1912-1949) --- Kuo min cheng fu (China : 1912-1949) --- Chung-hua min kuo (1912-1949) --- Kina (China) --- National Government (1912-1949) --- China (Republic : 1912-1949) --- People's Republic of China --- Chinese People's Republic --- Chung-hua jen min kung ho kuo --- Central People's Government of Communist China --- Chung yang jen min cheng fu --- Chung-hua chung yang jen min kung ho kuo --- Central Government of the People's Republic of China --- Zhonghua Renmin Gongheguo --- Zhong hua ren min gong he guo --- Kitaĭskai︠a︡ Narodnai︠a︡ Respublika --- Činská lidová republika --- RRT --- Republik Rakjat Tiongkok --- KNR --- Kytaĭsʹka Narodna Respublika --- Jumhūriyat al-Ṣīn al-Shaʻbīyah --- RRC --- Kitaĭ --- Kínai Népköztársaság --- Chūka Jinmin Kyōwakoku --- Erets Sin --- Sin --- Sāthāranarat Prachāchon Čhīn --- P.R. China --- PR China --- Chung-kuo --- Zhongguo --- Zhonghuaminguo (1912-1949) --- Zhong guo --- Chine --- République Populaire de Chine --- República Popular China --- Catay --- VR China --- VRChina --- 中國 --- 中国 --- 中华人民共和国 --- Jhongguó --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaxu Dundadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gu̇de Nayiramdaqu Dumdadu Arad Ulus --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh Dundad Ard Uls --- Khi︠a︡tad --- Kitad --- Dumdadu Ulus --- Dumdad Uls --- Думдад Улс --- Kitajska --- China (Republic : 1949- ) --- Environmental conditions. --- PRC --- P.R.C. --- BNKhAU --- БНХАУ --- Écologie humaine --- Éléphants --- Déboisement --- Dégradation environnementale --- Environnement --- Histoire. --- Histoire --- Pollution --- Human ecology - China - History. --- Elephants - Migration - China. --- Deforestation - China - History. --- Environmental degradation - China - History.