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GREAT BRITAIN--COLONIES --- COMMONWEALTH (ORGANIZATION)--HISTORY --- Commonwealth of Nations --- Commonwealth (Organization : 1950-1968) --- Britanskoe sodruzhestvo (1950-1968) --- British Commonwealth of Nations (1950-1968) --- British Commonwealth of Nations --- Commonwealth (Organization) --- History. --- Commonwealth countries --- Great Britain --- Colonies
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Following the disintegration of the Soviet Union in December 1991, the three Transcaucasian states of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia became independent after nearly two centuries of Tsarist and Soviet imperial rule. Rather than ushering in a period of economic reconstruction and social and political democratisation, however, official independence has plunged the region into internal turmoil. The Transcaucasus has also been the scene of fierce rivalries among regional and international actors seeking economic advantages and political influence. The main contender for regional supremacy has been Russia, which continues to view these countries as vital to its own security and within the purview of its special zone of influence. The West too attaches considerable strategic and economic significiance to the region, as a consequence of its vast oil and gas reserves and its proximity to the Persian Gulf and the Middle East, to Turkey and the Black Sea region and to Central Asia. Turkey and Iran have also been deeply engaged in the game of influence in the Transcaucasus. In this monograph, Shireen T. Hunter traces the evolution of events in the Transcaucasus since early 1987, and analyses the principal factors that have determined the direction of developments in the region. In order to make better sense of recent events, she also provides an historical and cultural overview of the region and discusses their current relevance. The process of transition in these countries is not over yet and, in Ms. Hunter's assessment, most of the recent changes are far from irreversible. She argues that the West still has the time and the ability to reassess its past policies and revise them in a way so as to secure its principal objectives and correct some of its past mistakes.
Caucasus, South --- Transcaucasie --- Politics and government --- Ethnic relations --- Politique et gouvernement --- Relations interethniques --- Commonwealth of Independent States
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How do the former Soviet republics that now constitute the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) interact with each other and with other regional and world powers? What are the conceptual foundations, mechanisms, and main directions of each member state's foreign policy? What role do economic and political factors play? Answering these questions and more in this systematic, comprehensive survey, a team of in-country experts sheds important light on the complex regional and international interactions of the CIS states in the twenty-first century.
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This book takes four conflicts in the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) as a starting point for examining the current state of the law of self-determination and secession. Four entities, Transnistria (Moldova), South Ossetia, Abkhazia (both Georgia), and Nagorno-Karabakh (Azerbaijan), claim to be entitled not only to self-determination but also to secession from their mother state. For this entitlement they rely on historic affiliations and on charges of discrimination and massive human rights violations committed by their mother state. This book sets out its analysis of these critical issues providing a detailed understanding of the principles of international law on which they rely. The first part sets out the contours and meaning of self-determination and secession, including an overall assessment of secession within the CIS. The second section provides case studies investigating the events in Transnistria, South Ossetia, Abkhazia, and Nagorno-Karabakh in greater detail. The third and final section extends the scope of the examination, providing a comparative analysis of similar conflicts involving questions of self-determination and secession in Kosovo, Western Sahara, and Eritrea. The book concludes with a Postscript on the developments in the Crimea in February/March 2014.
Self-determination, National --- Secession --- Self-determination, National. --- Secession. --- Sovereignty --- Separatist movements --- National self-determination --- Nationalism --- Nation-state --- Nationalities, Principle of --- Commonwealth of Independent States. --- CEI --- CIS --- Communauté des Etats indépendants --- Commonwealth States --- Comunità di Stati indipendenti --- Gemeinschaft Unabhängiger Staaten --- GUS (Commonwealth of Independent States) --- Ḥever ha-ʻAmim --- Ḥever ha-Medinot ha-ʻAtsmaʼiyot --- Itsenäisten valtioiden yhteisö --- IVY (Organization) --- Newly Independent States of the Former Soviet Union --- NIS --- SND --- SNG --- Sodruzhestvo nezavisimykh gosudarstv --- Spivdruz︠h︡nistʹ nezalez︠h︡nykh derz︠h︡av --- Strany Sodruzhestva --- Tongnip Kukka Yŏnhap --- Wspólnota Niepodległych Państw --- ZND --- Zajednica nezavisnih država --- Koinopoliteia Anexartētōn Kratōn --- SovereigntyCommonwealth of Independent States.
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Political science --- -Propaganda, Communist --- -Communist propaganda --- Communism --- Propaganda, Anti-American --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political --- Social sciences --- State, The --- Dictionaries --- State, TheDictionaries --- -Dictionaries --- Propaganda, Communist --- Communist propaganda
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Afghanistan's recent history is a sad one: Soviet invasion in 1979; Pakistan-backed internal conflict in the 1980s; the Taliban regime and then the US invasion and the multi-national occupation after the events of September 11th 2001. Why does Afghanistan remain so vulnerable to domestic instability, foreign intervention and ideological extremism? Amin Saikal provides us with a sweeping new understanding of this troubled country that situates Afghanistan's problems in rivalries stemming from a series of dynastic alliances within the successive royal families from the end of the eighteenth cent
Afghanistan -- History. --- Afghanistan -- Politics and government. --- Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East --- History & Archaeology --- South Asia --- Political science --- Afghanistan --- History. --- Politics and government. --- Administration --- Civil government --- Commonwealth, The --- Government --- Political theory --- Political thought --- Politics --- Science, Political
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This book examines the nature of Russia's relations with the former Soviet states (FSS), in particular with countries which formed the Commonwealth of Independent States, and seeks to assess whether there has been a resurgence of imperialism since the collapse of the USSR. The book sets out to determine whether Russian leaders have attempted to restore a sphere of influence over the former Soviet republics or whether Russia's policies reflect a genuine desire to establish normal state-to-state relations with the new states. It adopts a comprehensive approach, analysing Russia's policies towards the FSS across a broad range of areas: energy, trade and investment; military assistance, security provision and peacekeeping; conflict management, political support, and alliance formation. While not denying the Kremlin's assertive role in the FSS, this book challenges the assumption that Russia has always intended to restore a sphere of influence over its 'Near Abroad'. Rather, it argues that Russia's policies are much more complex, multi-faceted, and often incoherent. In essence, they generally reflect a combination of legitimate state interests, enduring Soviet legacies, and genuine concerns over events unfolding along Russia's borders. This book also shows that, at times, great-power nostalgia and a real difficulty with discarding Russia's imperial legacy shapes Russia's behaviour towards the FSS. This book will be of great interest to students of Russian politics and foreign policy, east European politics, and International Relations in general.
International relations. Foreign policy --- Russia --- RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--FORMER SOVIET REPUBLICS --- FORMER SOVIET REPUBLICS--FOREIGN RELATIONS--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) --- COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES--FOREIGN RELATIONS--RUSSIA (FEDERATION) --- RUSSIA (FEDERATION)--FOREIGN RELATIONS--COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES --- IMPERIALISM --- Imperialism. --- HISTORY / Europe / Russia & the Former Soviet Union --- POLITICAL SCIENCE / International Relations / Diplomacy --- Colonialism --- Empires --- Expansion (United States politics) --- Neocolonialism --- Political science --- Anti-imperialist movements --- Caesarism --- Chauvinism and jingoism --- Militarism --- Commonwealth of Independent States. --- CEI --- CIS --- Communauté des Etats indépendants --- Commonwealth States --- Comunità di Stati indipendenti --- Gemeinschaft Unabhängiger Staaten --- GUS (Commonwealth of Independent States) --- Ḥever ha-ʻAmim --- Ḥever ha-Medinot ha-ʻAtsmaʼiyot --- Itsenäisten valtioiden yhteisö --- IVY (Organization) --- Newly Independent States of the Former Soviet Union --- NIS --- SND --- SNG --- Sodruzhestvo nezavisimykh gosudarstv --- Spivdruz︠h︡nistʹ nezalez︠h︡nykh derz︠h︡av --- Strany Sodruzhestva --- Tongnip Kukka Yŏnhap --- Wspólnota Niepodległych Państw --- ZND --- Zajednica nezavisnih država --- Koinopoliteia Anexartētōn Kratōn --- Russia (Federation) --- Territorial expansion. --- Russian Federation --- Rossiyskaya Federatsiya --- Rossiya (Federation) --- Rossii︠a︡ (Federation) --- Российская Федерация --- Rossiĭskai︠a︡ Federat︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Rosiĭsʹka Federat︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- Російська Федерація --- Federazione della Russia --- Russische Föderation --- RF --- Federation of Russia --- Urysye Federat︠s︡ie --- Pravitelʹstvo Rossii --- Правительство России --- Pravitelʹstvo Rossiĭskoĭ Federat︠s︡ii --- Правительство Российской Федерации --- Правительство РФ --- Pravitelʹstvo RF --- Rosja (Federation) --- Eluosi (Federation) --- O-lo-ssu (Federation) --- 俄罗斯 (Federation) --- Roshia Renpō --- Federazione russa --- OKhU --- Orosyn Kholboony Uls --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- Imperialism --- Russia (Federation) - Relations - Former Soviet republics --- Russia (Federation) - Territorial expansion --- Former Soviet republics - Relations - Russia (Federation)
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