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Public sector balance sheets provide the most comprehensive picture of public wealth. They bring together all the accumulated assets and liabilities that the government controls, including public corporations, natural resources, and pension liabilities. They thus account for the entirety of what the state owns and owes, offering a broader fiscal picture beyond debt and deficits. Most governments do not provide such transparency, thereby avoiding the additional scrutiny it brings. Better balance sheet management enables countries to increase revenues, reduce risks, and improve fiscal policymaking. There is some empirical evidence that financial markets are increasingly paying attention to the entire government balance sheet and that strong balance sheets enhance economic resilience. This issue of the Fiscal Monitor presents a new database that shows comprehensive estimates of public sector assets and liabilities for a broad sample of 31 countries, covering 61 percent of the global economy, and provides tools to analyze and manage public wealth. Estimates of public wealth reveal the full scale of public assets and liabilities. Assets are worth US101 trillion or 219 percent of GDP in the sample. This includes 120 percent of GDP in public corporation assets. Also included are natural resources that average 110 percent of GDP among the large natural-resource-producing countries. Recognizing these assets does not negate the vulnerabilities associated with the standard measure of general government public debt, comprising 94 percent of GDP for these countries. This is only half of total public sector liabilities of 198 percent of GDP, which also includes 46 percent of GDP in already accrued pension liabilities. Once governments understand the size and nature of public assets, they can start managing them more effectively. Potential gains from better asset management are considerable. Revenue gains from nonfinancial public corporations and government financial assets alone could be as high as 3 percent of GDP a year, equivalent to annual corporate tax collections across advanced economies. In addition, considerable gains could be realized from government nonfinancial assets. Public assets are a significant resource, and how governments use and report on them matters, not just for financial reasons, but also in terms of improving service delivery and preventing the misuse of resources that often results from a lack of transparency.
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An updated new edition of the comprehensive guide to better business forecastingMany companies still look at quantitative forecasting methods with suspicion, but a new awareness is emerging across many industries as more businesses and professionals recognize the value of integrating demand data (point-of-sale and syndicated scanner data) into the forecasting process. Demand-Driven Forecasting equips you with solutions that can sense, shape, and predict future demand using highly sophisticated methods and tools. From a review of the most basic forecasting methods to the most advanced and innovative techniques in use today, this guide explains demand-driven forecasting, offering a fundamental understanding of the quantitative methods used to sense, shape, and predict future demand within a structured process. Offering a complete overview of the latest business forecasting concepts and applications, this revised Second Edition of Demand-Driven Forecasting is the perfect guide for professionals who need to improve the accuracy of their sales forecasts.* Completely updated to include the very latest concepts and methods in forecasting* Includes real case studies and examples, actual data, and graphical displays and tables to illustrate how effective implementation works* Ideal for CEOs, CFOs, CMOs, vice presidents of supply chain, vice presidents of demand forecasting and planning, directors of demand forecasting and planning, supply chain managers, demand planning managers, marketing analysts, forecasting analysts, financial managers, and any other professional who produces or contributes to forecastsAccurate forecasting is vital to success in today's challenging business climate. Demand-Driven Forecasting offers proven and effective insight on making sure your forecasts are right on the money.
Economic forecasting --- Business forecasting --- Forecasting
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Business forecasting --- Economic forecasting --- Forecasting
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Après une décennie marquée par une croissance dynamique soutenue par les exportations, une baisse du chômage et des excédents budgétaires, la pandémie de COVID-19 et la crise énergétique ont mis au jour des faiblesses structurelles et fait ressortir la nécessité d'accélérer les transitions écologique et numérique. Dans le même temps, le vieillissement rapide de la population accentue les tensions sur les dépenses publiques et exacerbe les pénuries de main-d'œuvre qualifiée. Il est essentiel de réduire l'imposition du travail, en particulier pour les bas revenus et les deuxièmes apporteurs de revenu, de faciliter l'immigration de personnes qualifiées et d'améliorer l'éducation et la formation pour accroître l'offre de main-d'œuvre. Moderniser l'administration publique de façon à alléger la charge administrative et améliorer la qualité des services publics permettraient de favoriser l'innovation et la dynamique des entreprises. Afin de répondre aux besoins d'investissement considérables tout en préservant la viabilité des finances publiques, les autorités allemandes devront réduire les dépenses fiscales, qui sont souvent source de distorsions, régressives ou préjudiciables à l'environnement, et renforcer l'application de la législation fiscale, mais aussi accroître l'efficience des dépenses publiques et mieux hiérarchiser les priorités en la matière. Parvenir à la neutralité climatique en 2045 tout en préservant la compétitivité et la cohésion sociale nécessitera la mise en œuvre de politiques d'atténuation présentant un bon rapport coût-efficacité. L'Allemagne devrait renforcer la tarification du carbone et compléter ce dispositif par une réglementation sectorielle et des subventions judicieusement conçues, notamment pour stimuler la recherche-développement verte, développer les infrastructures de transport et réseaux d'électricité durables et décarboner le secteur du logement. L'utilisation des recettes issues de la tarification du carbone pour distribuer des aides aux ménages vulnérables et améliorer la qualité des politiques actives du marché du travail contribuerait à préserver la cohésion sociale.
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This chapter sets out an overarching framework for Korea's National Innovation System. It starts by summarising Korea's past and current economic performance by way of international comparison. Next, it highlights Korea's innovation system's key strengths, given its preparedness for transitional challenges, including the digital transformation, its growth in labour and multifactor productivity and innovation inputs. Subsequently, it elaborates on Korea's industry structure and how it sets the conditions for innovation, particularly regarding knowledge-intensive activities. Pursuant to a discussion of Korea's current positioning in global value chains and the impact it has on technological sovereignty and potential for innovation, this chapter finally addresses Korea's particular vulnerabilities in the face of arising societal challenges, notably the green transition and population aging, and how these may affect framework conditions for innovation.
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La edición 2016 de Perspectivas Económicas de América Latina explora los lazos cambiantes entre la región y China. A lo largo de la última década, China se ha posicionado como uno de sus socios comerciales más importantes.
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Chapter 1. Couverture et table des matières Chapter 2. Introduction: Vers des emplois plus nombreux et meilleurs Chapter 3. Des emplois plus nombreux et meilleurs ? La performance globale au cours de la dernière décennie Chapter 4. Mobiliser la main-d'œuvre, deux grands défis : résorber les trappes à inactivité et améliorer les perspectives de carrière Chapter 5. Rendre le travail rémunérateur et accessible à tous Chapter 6. Prestations et emploi : amis ou ennemis ? Interactions entre mesures sociales actives et passives Chapter 7. Améliorer les qualifications et les compétences des travailleurs Chapter 8. Annexe statistique.
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Tous les pays membres de l'OCDE sont examinés, ainsi que certaines économies non membres. La présente édition comporte une évaluation générale de la situation macroéconomique, une série de notes axées sur certaines questions macroéconomiques et structurelles relatives à l'épidémie COVID-19, et un chapitre résumant les tendances économiques et fournissant des projections par pays.
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