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Addresses the challenge of enabling the development of viable, resilient, and fiscally sustainable health system in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. Initiated while Ebola was still raging in all of the three most-affected countries in West Africa, the study identifies the requirements for strengthening the health systems in these countries to go beyond just getting the number of Ebola cases to zero. The overall goal of this study is thus twofold: To assess the capacity of the health systems of the three most-affected countries in terms of their ability to deliver quality health services to their populations, perform core public health functions on a routine basis, and to respond to public health emergencies; and To identify the highest impact strategies to help these countries to strengthen their health systems to be more effective and resilient, drilling down into three key aspects of the health system-- that is, fiscal space for universal health coverage (UHC), development and deployment of an effective health workforce, and continuous disease surveillance.--

Ebola virus disease. --- Medical care --- 2000-2099 --- Africa, Western. --- Africa. --- Africa, West.

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The devastating impacts of coronavirus (COVID-19) on developing countries have tested the limits, ingenuity and flexibility of development co-operation while also uncovering best practices. This 58th edition of the Development Co-operation Report draws out early insights from leaders, OECD members, experts and civil society on the implications of coronavirus (COVID-19) for global solidarity and international co-operation for development in 2021 and beyond. The report suggests ways forward for the international development community as a whole for bold action and systemic reform to build resilient national and international systems capable of coping with global shocks, and providing and protecting global public goods while reinforcing the fundamental building blocks for sustainable development. The annual “development co-operation at a glance” infographics showcase the latest trends in development finance for over 80 providers of development co-operation, including members of the OECD, the Development Assistance Committee, other countries and philanthropic foundations.

Economic development --- COVID-19 (Disease) --- 2019-nCoV disease --- 2019 novel coronavirus disease --- Coronavirus disease-19 --- Coronavirus disease 2019 --- COVID-19 virus disease --- Novel coronavirus disease, 2019 --- SARS-CoV-2 disease --- Coronavirus infections --- Respiratory infections --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- COVID19 (Disease) --- SARS coronavirus 2 disease --- E-books

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Two years into the pandemic, economic activity has recovered faster than expected. However, the labour market recovery is still uneven across sectors and is threatened by the economic fallout from Russia's aggression against Ukraine, which has generated the fastest growing humanitarian crisis in Europe since World War II, sending shockwaves throughout the world economy. The 2022 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook reviews the key labour market and social challenges for a more inclusive post-COVID‑19 recovery.

Arbeitsmarkt --- COVID-19 --- Lohnentwicklung --- Arbeitsnachfrage --- Arbeit --- Nachfrage --- Lohn --- Coronavirus-Krankheit-2019 --- Corona virus disease 2019 --- Coronavirus disease 2019 --- 2019-nCoV acute respiratory disease --- Wuhan pneumonia --- COVID-19-Infektion --- Coronavirus-SARS-CoV-2-Infektion --- SARS-CoV-2-Infektion --- Viruskrankheit --- Lungenentzündung --- SARS-CoV-2 --- Markt --- Entwicklung

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This paper discusses Guinea’s Request for Debt Relief Under the Catastrophe Containment (CC) Window of the Catastrophe Containment and Relief (CCR) Trust. Since early 2014, Guinea has been experiencing an ongoing Ebola epidemic that has spread to several countries in the region. The immediate economic effect of the Ebola epidemic has been a pronounced slowdown in 2014. Performance under the Extended Credit Facility arrangement has been satisfactory, the difficult macroeconomic environment notwithstanding. The IMF staff supports the authorities’ request for assistance under the CC window of the CCR Trust given the nature of the public health disaster, and the ensuing financing needs to contain the disease and rehabilitate Guinea’s public health system.

Guinea -- Economic conditions. --- Guinea -- Economic policy. --- International Monetary Fund -- Guinea. --- Poverty -- Guinea. --- Finance --- Business & Economics --- International Finance --- Exports and Imports --- Financial Risk Management --- Diseases: Respiratory --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- International Lending and Debt Problems --- Health Behavior --- Current Account Adjustment --- Short-term Capital Movements --- Health: General --- International economics --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Health economics --- Debt relief --- Debt service --- Ebola --- Balance of payments need --- Health --- Asset and liability management --- External debt --- Balance of payments --- Debts, External --- Ebola virus disease --- Guinea

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This paper develops a gravity model framework to estimate the impact of infectious diseases on bilateral tourism flows among 38,184 pairs of countries over the period 1995–2017. The results confirm that international tourism is adversely affected by disease risk, and the magnitude of this negative effect is statistically and economically significant. In the case of SARS, for example, a 10 percent rise in confirmed cases leads to a reduction of as much as 9 percent in tourist arrivals. Furthermore, while infectious diseases appear to have a smaller and statistically insignificant negative effect on tourism flows to advanced economies, the magnitude and statistical significance of the impact of infectious diseases are much greater in developing countries, where such diseases tend to be more prevalent and health infrastructure lags behind.

Industries: Hospital,Travel and Tourism --- Diseases: Contagious --- Diseases: Respiratory --- Single Equation Models --- Single Variables: Cross-Sectional Models --- Spatial Models --- Treatment Effect Models --- 'Panel Data Models --- Spatio-temporal Models' --- Neoclassical Models of Trade --- Empirical Studies of Trade --- Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance: Forecasting and Simulation --- Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity --- Health Behavior --- Sports --- Gambling --- Restaurants --- Recreation --- Tourism --- Health: General --- Infectious & contagious diseases --- Hospitality, leisure & tourism industries --- Health economics --- Communicable diseases --- COVID-19 --- Ebola --- Health --- Ebola virus disease