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The circular economy has become a priority in recent decades as policy makers seek to facilitate a transition from linear production systems to closed systems that reuse resources, reduce energy consumption and avoid the exploitation of nonrenewable resources. This regional gap analysis reveals several important trends. Key among them is a rapid rate of increase. Plastic consumption in the WACA region was estimated at 7.9 million tons in 2021; at current growth rates, this could increase to 12 million tons by 2026. The WACA region relies heavily on imported plastic-related goods from sources outside the region, such as Asia. Nigeria was found to be both the largest producer of plastic products and the biggest importer of plastic parts and products, in addition to being the WACA region's only producer of virgin plastic resin. Other notable major producers of plastics in the WACA region include Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire. The plastic landscape investigation included a spatial analysis of plastic waste generation across the WACA region. This revealed varying rates of national annual plastic generation. The spatial analysis work also led to the identification of 71 plastic waste generation hotspots across the WACA region, with a concentration in Nigeria. The plastic market analysis revealed that the three industry sectors (construction, plastic packaging, and fisheries) represented 78 percent of total plastic consumption in 2021. By 2026, the three sectors' business-as-usual plastic consumption is expected to reach 9.5 million tons, with per capita plastic waste growing from 12.5 kilograms (kg) to 17.3 kg. The largest plastics consumer of the three sectors is plastic packaging, followed by construction. The plastic packaging sector could focus on new, circular economy business models over the next five years. In this sector, plastic waste recovery and avoidance/reuse/recycling of between 2.2 and 4 million tons of plastic in a "pragmatic" 1 circular scenario would reduce CO 2 emissions between 41 and 53 percent (3.6-6.7 million tons CO 2 emissions). In the construction industry, in a pragmatic circular scenario plastic avoidance would reduce CO 2 emissions between 0.1 and 0.3 million tons, and plastic waste recovery would reduce CO 2 emissions between 0.1 and 0.2 million tons. Finally, in the fisheries sector, plastic avoidance under the pragmatic circular scenario would reduce CO 2 emissions between 0.03 and 0.05 million tons, and plastic waste recovery would reduce CO 2 emissions between 0.04 and 0.07 million tons. New circular business models can motivate these three sectors to reuse and extend the life span of plastic materials.

Circular economy. --- West Africa.

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Cette série consacrée à la décentralisation en Afrique de l’Ouest et à ses effets au niveau local, territorial et national, montre comment acteurs de tous bords et de tous niveaux impliqués dans un processus général peuvent participer à la relance de l’économie. À partir d’une démarche analytique et pragmatique basée sur des cas concrets (phase d’étude, une phase de dialogue social et de concertation, et une phase de promotion économique et de relance des activités), la décentralisation est étudiée au travers d’une soixantaine de documents téléchargeables. Véritable rupture par rapport aux pratiques du passé, la décentralisation en Afrique de l’Ouest a été étudiée dès 1977 sous l’égide du programme ECOLOC

Economic geography --- West Africa --- Community development

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Cette série consacrée à la décentralisation en Afrique de l’Ouest et à ses effets au niveau local, territorial et national, montre comment acteurs de tous bords et de tous niveaux impliqués dans un processus général peuvent participer à la relance de l’économie. À partir d’une démarche analytique et pragmatique basée sur des cas concrets (phase d’étude, une phase de dialogue social et de concertation, et une phase de promotion économique et de relance des activités), la décentralisation est étudiée au travers d’une soixantaine de documents téléchargeables. Véritable rupture par rapport aux pratiques du passé, la décentralisation en Afrique de l’Ouest a été étudiée dès 1977 sous l’égide du programme ECOLOC (« Relance des économies locales en Afrique de l’Ouest »).

Developing countries: economic development problems --- Public administration --- West Africa --- Development

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Developing countries: economic development problems --- West Africa --- Decentralization in government

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This study first analyses an old and recurring form of instability in the region: conflict over resources. A series of case studies  examines the causes of these conflicts with reference to the associated regional challenges and response tools. Secondly, the study addresses terrorism, a relatively new dimension of insecurity. It outlines the development of AQMI and Boko Haram and then focuses on a comparative analysis of legal mechanisms to fight against terrorism. The argument holds that the congruence of these insecurities and the current violent crises present an unprecedented risk of destabilisation for West Africa and the international community.

National wealth --- Polemology --- West Africa --- Natural resources --- Terrorism