Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The report focuses on risk factors that are expected to increase the vulnerability to human trafficking from and within origin countries such as economic shocks, measured by large, discrete changes to export commodity prices and to GDP. It also explores the role that institutions play through enforcing the rule of law, providing access to justice, and implementing anti-trafficking policies, as protective factors that could weaken the link between economic shocks and an increase in human trafficking. The analysis verifies that economic shocks are significant risk factors that increase vulnerability to human trafficking. In origin countries, economic vulnerabilities, especially those caused by global commodity price shocks, are strongly positively correlated with observed cases of trafficking. For instance, the economic shock produced by a typical decrease in export commodity prices is associated with an increase in the number of detected victims of trafficking of around 12 percent. The analysis suggests that good governance institutions and particularly a commitment to the rule of law and access to justice as well as stricter anti-trafficking policies and social assistance can have a limiting effect on the number of observed cases of trafficking following economic shocks.

Human trafficking.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Human trafficking.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The fishing sector is an important source of employment, income and food production for many countries. But there are serious incidents of abuse in some fisheries and fishing vessels. By Beate Andrees, head of the ILO's Special Action Programme to Combat Forced Labour.

Business & Economics --- Labor & Workers' Economics --- Forced labor. --- Human trafficking. --- Forced prostitution (Human trafficking) --- People trafficking --- Sex trafficking --- Traffic in persons --- Trafficking in human beings --- Trafficking in persons --- White slave traffic --- White slavery --- Compulsory labor --- Conscript labor --- Labor, Compulsory --- Labor, Forced --- Sex crimes --- Employees --- Forced labor --- Human trafficking --- E-books --- White slave traffic (Human trafficking) --- White slavery (Human trafficking) --- Offenses against the person

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This paper critically reviews the impact of globalization on sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) since the early 1980s. The large gains expected from opening up to international economic forces have, to date, been limited, and there have been significant adverse consequences. Foreign direct investment in SSA has been largely confined to resource--especially mineral--extraction, even as continuing capital flight has reduced financial resources available for productive investments. Premature trade liberalization has further undermined prospects for the economic development of SSA as productive capacities in many sectors are not sufficiently competitive to take advantage of any improvements in market access.

Human trafficking --- Forced labor --- Prostitution --- Gender & Ethnic Studies --- Social Sciences --- Gender Studies & Sexuality --- Female prostitution --- Hustling (Prostitution) --- Prostitution, Female --- Sex trade (Prostitution) --- Sex work (Prostitution) --- Street prostitution --- Trade, Sex (Prostitution) --- White slave traffic --- White slavery --- Work, Sex (Prostitution) --- Compulsory labor --- Conscript labor --- Labor, Compulsory --- Labor, Forced --- Forced prostitution (Human trafficking) --- People trafficking --- Sex trafficking --- Traffic in persons --- Trafficking in human beings --- Trafficking in persons --- Globalization --- E-books --- Sex-oriented businesses --- Brothels --- Pimps --- Procuresses --- Red-light districts --- Sex crimes --- Employees --- Global cities --- Globalisation --- Internationalization --- International relations --- Anti-globalization movement --- Human trafficking. --- Forced labor. --- Prostitution. --- Sex work --- White slave traffic (Human trafficking) --- White slavery (Human trafficking) --- Offenses against the person

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Human trafficking and smuggling of migrants: Four of the 12 illicit flows reviewed in this report involve human beings. The first two concern movement between the countries of the region, one for general labour and one for sexual exploitation. The third concerns the smuggling of migrants from the region to the rich countries of the West, and the last focuses on migrants smuggled through the region from the poor and conflicted countries of South and Southwest Asia. Drug trafficking: The production and use of opiates has a long history in the region, but the main opiate problem in the 21st century involves the more refined form of the drug: heroin. In addition, methamphetamine has been a threat in parts of East Asia for decades (in the form of yaba tablets), but crystal methamphetamine has recently grown greatly in popularity. Virtually every country in the region has some crystal methamphetamine users, and some populations consume at very high levels.Resources: Resource-related crimes include those related to both extractive industries, such as the illegal harvesting of wildlife and timber, and other crimes that have a negative impact on the environment, such as the dumping of e-waste and the trade in ozone-depleting substances. In all cases, the threat goes beyond borders, jeopardizing the global environmental heritage. These are therefore crimes of inherent international significance, though they are frequently dealt with lightly under local legislation.Counterfeit goods: The trade in counterfeit goods is often perceived as a "soft" form of crime, but can have dangerous consequences for public health and safety. Fraudulent medicines in particular pose a threat to public health, and their use can foster the growth of treatment resistant pathogens.

Transnational crime --- Organized crime --- Human trafficking --- Drug traffic --- Wild animal trade --- Wildlife trade --- Animal industry --- International trade --- Wildlife utilization --- Animal dealers --- Crime syndicates --- Organised crime --- Crime --- Multinational crime --- Transborder crime --- Drug dealing --- Drug production, Illicit --- Drug smuggling --- Drug trade, Illicit --- Drug trafficking --- Drugs --- Illicit drug production --- Illicit drug trade --- Narcotic trade --- Narcotic traffic --- Narcotic trafficking --- Smuggling of drugs --- Smuggling of narcotics --- Traffic, Drug --- Trafficking in drugs --- Trafficking in narcotics --- Drug abuse and crime --- Narco-terrorism --- Forced prostitution (Human trafficking) --- People trafficking --- Sex trafficking --- Traffic in persons --- Trafficking in human beings --- Trafficking in persons --- White slave traffic --- White slavery --- Sex crimes --- Prices and sale --- E-books --- White slave traffic (Human trafficking) --- White slavery (Human trafficking) --- Offenses against the person