Listing 1 - 10 of 11 | << page >> |
Sort by
|
Choose an application
In this book, we discuss the changing medical and public profile of fungal infections in the period 1850-2000. We consider four sets of diseases: ringworm and athlete's foot (dermatophytosis); thrush or candidiasis (infection with Candida albicans); endemic, geographically specific infections in North America (coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis and histoplasmosis) and mycotoxins; and aspergillosis (infection with Aspergillus fumigatus). We discuss each disease in relation to developing medical knowledge and practices, and to social changes associated with 'modernity'. Thus, mass schooling provided ideal conditions for the spread of ringworm of the scalp in children, and the rise of college sports and improvement of personal hygiene led to the spread of athlete's foot. Antibiotics seemed to open the body to more serious Candida infections, as did new methods to treat cancers and the development of transplantation. Regional fungal infections in North America came to the fore due to the economic development of certain regions, where population movement brought in non-immune groups who were vulnerable to endemic mycoses. Fungal toxins or mycotoxins were discovered as by-products of modern food storage and distribution technologies. Lastly, the rapid development and deployment of new medical technologies, such as intensive care and immunosuppression in the last quarter of the twentieth century, increased the incidence of aspergillosis and other systemic mycoses.
Choose an application
Invasive and chronic fungal infections have become a formidable clinical opponent, and foremost among them is Aspergillus fumigatus. Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillosis assembles chapters from a large and international contingent of experts in the field to explore every major aspect of A. fumigatus and how it kills so many patients.
Choose an application
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
fungal diseases --- fungal infection --- fungal allergy --- allergic bronchopulmonary mycoses --- aspergillosis --- coccidioidomycosis --- talaromycosis --- cryptococcosis
Choose an application
Aspergillus fumigatus is a human fungal pathogen that causes invasive aspergillosis (IA), a major infectious cause of death in the expanding population of immunocompromised individuals such as cancer patients and transplant recipients. The mortality of IA remains high (30-70%) and emerging resistance to triazoles, the first-line antifungal drug class, is of particular concern. Second-line therapies for IA are limited by their toxicity (polyenes) or their lack of fungicidal activity (echinocandins). Identification of novel antifungal targets is an urgent need for improving the outcome of IA. A. fumigatus is a filamentous fungus exhibiting a complex developmental cycle and elaborated mechanisms of adaptation to allow the initiation and progression of infection in the human host. The fungal cell wall, with its unique and dynamic structure, is crucial for protecting cell integrity and evading the host immune system, also contributing to biofilm formation and virulence, and thus representing an ideal antifungal target. However, compensatory mechanisms of cell wall remodeling are present and still poorly understood. Recent work has highlighted the key roles of intracellular signaling proteins or molecular chaperones, such as calcineurin or the heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90), in morphogenesis, stress responses, virulence and antifungal resistance. The emergence of azole resistance implies various and complex mechanisms that need to be further elucidated. Other important processes, such as biosynthetic pathways and toxin/metabolite production are important for fungal survival and propagation in the host environment, ultimately leading to disease. Moreover, the host immune response is a determinant factor in influencing the course of infection. The objective of this topic issue is to provide an overview of the recent advances in our understanding of A. fumigatus pathobiology and of IA pathogenesis to outline future research. The topic will focus on mechanisms of antifungal resistance, stress adaptation and virulence and the discovery of potential novel antifungal targets via a genetic and molecular approach. Articles related to the interactions of A. fumigatus with the host immune system in the development of IA are also welcomed. We intend to collect a large variety of article types, including complete and comprehensive reviews, expert opinions, hypotheses, and also original research articles illustrating new aspects and approaches on this topic. Through this project, we expect to open an opportunity for all scientists in the world dedicated to the pathobiology of this major human fungal pathogen to share their knowledge, experience and opinions and assemble their efforts in defining main research axes to progress in our quest of improved antifungal strategies against IA.
Aspergillus fumigatus. --- Pathogenic microorganisms --- Aspergillus fumigatus --- Research. --- pathogenicity. --- invasive aspergillosis --- Fungal cell wall --- Fungal Virulence --- antifungal resistance
Choose an application
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), spread globally to pandemic proportions. Although the majority of cases have asymptomatic or mild infections, a significant proportion of cases progress to severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome requiring critical care. Opportunistic infections following severe respiratory viral infections have been recognized since the 1918 influenza pandemic. Among critically ill patients with COVID-19, secondary fungal infections caused by Aspergillus and Candida spp. are increasingly described, affecting up to 30% of COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care treatment. This collection of manuscripts focuses on fungal infections complicating COVID-19, including immunological mechanisms and pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
SARS-CoV-2 --- co-infection --- pulmonary aspergillosis --- ICU --- azole-resistant Aspergillus --- Aspergillus fumigatus --- CAPA --- TR34L98H --- SARS COV-2 --- Aspergillus --- novel coronavirus --- superinfection --- risk factors --- prevalence --- challenges --- immune response --- expert statement --- European Confederation of Medical Mycology --- COVID-19 --- fungaemia --- Saccharomyces --- co-infections --- invasive aspergillosis --- putative --- probable --- Sars-CoV-2 --- PCR --- galactomannan --- classification --- COVID-19 pneumonia --- invasive pulmonary aspergillosis --- diagnosis --- multi-triazole resistance --- COVID-19 associated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis --- coinfection --- diabetes --- bloodstream infection --- Candida glabrata --- echinocandin resistance --- FKS mutation --- candidemia --- candiduria --- oral candidiasis --- mycobiome --- n/a
Choose an application
Aspergillosis is an infection or allergic response caused by the fungus Aspergillus. Aspergillus conidia are widely dispersed in the environment and can easily reach human lungs and/or paranasal sinuses: most people inhale Aspergillosis spores every day! The label Aspergillosis is used for several diverse clinical conditions. For instance, invasive Aspergillosis typically affects severely immunocompromised patients such as those with prolonged neutropenia or receiving therapy with steroids. On the other hand, allergic forms of Aspergillosis cause exuberant clinical syndromes that mostly affect patients with asthma and cystic fibrosis. Slowly destructive lung diseases may also occur in the apparently immunocompentent host, especially in the context of previous damage to the lung architecture. These are difficult-to-diagnose infections, and diagnostic tests perform differently depending on the specific scenario. This book summarizes the current knowledge about Aspergillosis, covering: Epidemiology Pathogenesis Clinical manifestations Diagnosis Treatment Prevention Written by internationally respected authors, the information presented in this book adds for a better understanding of Aspergillosis by providing a comprehensive and clear overview of all aspects associated with this complex disease.
Aspergillosis. --- Aspergillus -- pathogenicity. --- Medicine. --- Aspergillosis --- Mycoses --- Mitosporic Fungi --- Lung Diseases, Fungal --- Pulmonary Aspergillosis --- Aspergillus --- Lung Diseases --- Fungi --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Diseases --- Eukaryota --- Respiratory Tract Diseases --- Organisms --- Medicine --- Infectious Diseases --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Internal medicine. --- Medicine, Internal --- Aspergillus diseases --- Aspergillus infections --- Parasitology. --- Hematology. --- Infectious diseases. --- Respiratory organs --- Biomedicine. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Biomedicine general. --- Internal Medicine. --- Pneumology/Respiratory System. --- Diseases. --- Medical parasitology. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Pneumology. --- Haematology --- Internal medicine --- Blood --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Human beings --- Human parasitology --- Parasitology --- Parasitic diseases --- Parasites --- Health Workforce --- Respiratory organs—Diseases. --- Biomedicine, general. --- Biology
Choose an application
This book is open access under a CC BY license. The narrative of 20th-century medicine is the conquering of acute infectious diseases and the rise in chronic, degenerative diseases. The history of fungal infections does not fit this picture. This book charts the path of fungal infections from the mid 19th century to the dawn of the 21st century.
History. --- Civilization --- Social history. --- Descriptive sociology --- Social conditions --- Social history --- History --- Sociology --- Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Cultural history --- Great Britain --- America --- United States --- England --- Great Britain—History. --- Civilization—History. --- America—History. --- United States—History. --- History of Britain and Ireland. --- History of Science. --- Cultural History. --- History of the Americas. --- Social History. --- US History. --- candidiasis --- mycotoxins --- aspergillosis --- fungal infections --- dermatophytosis --- Antibiotic --- Fungus --- Mycosis
Choose an application
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Fungal Infections in Immunocompromised Hosts that was published in JoF
toxicity --- risk assessment --- species complex --- galactomannan --- taxonomy --- Aspergillus PCR --- candidemia --- adaptive immunity --- fungal immunity --- T2 Candida --- anti-fungal agents --- innate immunity --- antifungal stewardship --- Immunotherapy --- Candida meningoencephalitis --- liposomal amphotericin B --- anidulafungin --- liver disease --- invasive mold disease --- T2Candida --- AIDS --- (1?3)-?-d-glucan --- literature review --- yeast --- hepatic impairment --- prediction models --- IRIS --- invasive aspergillosis --- antifungal agent --- TNF inhibitors --- Aspergillus fumigatus --- fungal nomenclature --- micafungin --- non-culture-based diagnostics --- PCR --- paracoccidioidomycosis --- Candida auris --- multidrug resistance --- subcutaneous mycoses --- risk score --- mycoses of implantation --- Sporothrix brasiliensis --- antifungal resistance --- immunocompromised hosts --- Sporothrix schenckii --- Aspergillus --- fungus --- cell therapy --- MALDI-ToF MS --- lateral flow --- phylogenetics --- hematological malignancy --- candidiasis --- antifungal drug --- hematological malignancies --- mycoses --- invasive fungal infections --- lymphoma --- kidney transplant --- immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome --- mechanisms of antifungal resistance --- fungal infections --- cytokine therapy --- sporotrichosis --- beta-d-glucan --- invasive fungal infection --- HIV --- cat-transmitted sporotrichosis --- aspergillosis --- cancer --- prognostic risk model
Choose an application
undefined
vaccine --- adjuvants --- Sporothrix schenckii --- toluene --- virulence --- enolase --- Montanide PetGel A --- Amphotericin B --- cutaneous leishmaniasis --- hydrogel --- wound dressing --- controlled release --- thermoreversible gel --- poloxamer 407 --- candidiasis --- amphotericin B --- skin and vaginal mucosa --- butenafine --- SNEDDS --- solid SNEDDS --- spray drying --- leishmaniasis --- design of experiments --- orodispersible films --- fast-dissolving films --- micelles --- fungal infections --- aspergillosis --- oral delivery --- chitosan --- shiitake --- Lentinula edodes --- AHCC® --- Molecular Envelope Technology --- praziquantel --- calcium carbonate --- schistosomiasis --- bioavailability --- solubility --- cytotoxicity --- fluconazole --- orthopedic infection --- Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) beads --- sustained release --- Leishmania infantum --- meglumine antimoniate --- Sepigel 305® --- topical treatment --- polymer micelles --- drug delivery --- liposomes --- transferosomes --- nanoparticles --- emulsions --- azoles --- combined therapy --- quality by design --- malaria --- trypanosomiasis
Choose an application
Dear Colleagues, A rare disease, also known as an orphan disease, is any disease that affects a small percentage of the population. Although definitions vary from continent to continent, according to the European Union, rare diseases are those with a prevalence of less than 1 in 2000 people. Rare diseases are, in general, chronic, debilitating diseases, which in many cases threaten patients’ lives. It is estimated that 1–2 million people in the European Union are affected by a rare respiratory disease, which is a public health problem. Due to the low prevalence and severity of many of these diseases, whose symptoms often initially manifest in childhood, combined efforts are needed to improve our knowledge of the pathophysiology of these diseases that will lead to the development of new, more effective treatments. Therefore, since rare respiratory diseases represent an important field in medicine, we propose this Special Issue to promote the dissemination of the latest advances in basic and clinical research in these diseases. Prof. Dr. Francisco Dasí Guest Editor
standard diagnosis --- reference centres --- clinical presentation --- cilia --- primary ciliary dyskinesia --- alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency --- rare respiratory diseases --- Mycobacterium avium --- Mycobacterium intracellulare --- nodular bronchiectasis --- non-tuberculous mycobacteria --- pulmonary aspergillosis --- rare pulmonary disease --- miRNA expression --- exhaled breath condensate --- sputum --- severity --- pulmonary exacerbation --- alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency --- augmentation therapy --- replacement therapy --- rare diseases --- gene therapy --- alpha-1-antitrypsin deficit --- cystic fibrosis --- neonatal respiratory distress --- laterality defect --- orphan diseases --- PCD --- immunofluorescence --- antibody --- ALI culture --- bio-resource --- primary nasal epithelium --- diagnostics --- Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency --- liver disease --- glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase --- glutamate-pyruvate transaminase --- gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase --- resilience --- active lifestyle --- stress levels --- infection control measure --- self-quarantine --- flow cytometry --- nasal epithelium --- oxidative stress --- reactive oxygen species --- endoplasmic reticulum stress --- antioxidant therapies --- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis --- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease --- bronchiectasis --- asthma --- emphysema --- alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency --- transient elastography --- n/a
Listing 1 - 10 of 11 | << page >> |
Sort by
|