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This 1998 book explores Africa's involvement in the Atlantic world from the fifteenth century to the eighteenth century. It focuses especially on the causes and consequences of the slave trade, in Africa, in Europe, and in the New World. African institutions, political events, and economic structures shaped Africa's voluntary involvement in the Atlantic arena before 1680. Africa's economic and military strength gave African elites the capacity to determine how trade with Europe developed. Thornton examines the dynamics of colonization which made slaves so necessary to European colonizers, and he explains why African slaves were placed in roles of central significance. Estate structure and demography affected the capacity of slaves to form a self-sustaining society and behave as cultural actors, transferring and transforming African culture in the New World.

#SBIB:96G --- #SBIB:39A73 --- Geschiedenis van Afrika --- Etnografie: Afrika --- Africa -- Relations -- America. --- America -- Relations -- Africa. --- Europe -- History -- 1492-1648. --- Europe -- Relations -- Africa. --- Slavery. Africa -- Relations -- Europe. --- Slavery. --- Africa --- Europe --- America --- Relations --- History --- Esclavage --- Afrique --- Amérique --- Histoire --- Slavery --- History & Archaeology --- Regions & Countries - Africa --- Abolition of slavery --- Antislavery --- Enslavement --- Mui tsai --- Ownership of slaves --- Servitude --- Slave keeping --- Slave system --- Slaveholding --- Thralldom --- Crimes against humanity --- Serfdom --- Slaveholders --- Slaves --- Americas --- New World --- Western Hemisphere --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Council of Europe countries --- Eurasia --- 1492-1648 --- Africa - Relations - America. --- America - Relations - Africa. --- Arts and Humanities --- Enslaved persons

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Many students of memory assume that the practice of memory changed dramatically around 1800; this volume shows that there was much continuity as well as change. Premodern ways of negotiating memories of pain and loss, for instance, were indeed quite different to those in the modern West. Yet by examining memory practices and drawing on evidence from early modern England, France, Germany, Ireland, Hungary, the Low Countries and Ukraine, the case studies in this volume highlight the extent to which early modern memory was already a multimedia affair, with many political uses, and affecting stakeholders at all levels of society. Contributors include: Andreas Bähr, Philip Benedict, Susan Broomhall, Sarah Covington, Brecht Deseure, Sean Dunwoody, Marianne Eekhout, Gabriela Erdélyi, Dagmar Freist, Katharine Hodgkin, Jasmin Kilburn-Toppin, Erika Kuijpers, Johannes Müller, Ulrich Niggemann, Alexandr Osipian, Judith Pollmann, Benjamin Schmidt, Jasper van der Steen

History of civilization --- anno 1600-1699 --- anno 1500-1599 --- Europe --- Memory --- Loss (Psychology) --- Social conflict --- Politics and culture --- Social aspects --- History --- History. --- History, Military --- Social conditions. --- Civilization. --- Erinnerung. --- Kollektives Gedächtnis. --- Europa. --- History & Archaeology --- History - General --- Culture --- Culture and politics --- Class conflict --- Class struggle --- Conflict, Social --- Social tensions --- Retention (Psychology) --- Political aspects --- Interpersonal conflict --- Social psychology --- Sociology --- Psychology --- Intellect --- Thought and thinking --- Comprehension --- Executive functions (Neuropsychology) --- Mnemonics --- Perseveration (Psychology) --- Reproduction (Psychology) --- Memory - Social aspects - Europe - History - 16th century. --- Memory - Social aspects - Europe - History - 17th century. --- Loss (Psychology) - Social aspects - Europe - History. --- Social conflict - Europe - History. --- Politics and culture - Europe - History. --- Europe - History - 1492-1648. --- Europe - History, Military - 1492-1648. --- Europe - Social conditions. --- Europe - Civilization. --- medieval art --- Catholic Church --- Early modern period --- London --- Protestantism

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Europe --- Middle East --- Moyen-Orient --- Description and travel --- Bio-bibliography --- History --- Descriptions et voyages --- Biobibliographie --- Histoire --- Travel writing --- Geography, Medieval --- Travel, Medieval --- Voyage --- --Récit de voyage --- --Moyen âge, --- Allemagne --- --Bibliography --- Bibliography --- 910.4 <43> --- -Travel writing --- -094:910.4 --- 091:910.4 --- Travel --- Authorship --- Geography --- Medieval geography --- Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen----Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989 --- Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen --- Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi-:-Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen --- Travelers' writings --- 091:910.4 Handschriftenkunde. Handschriftencatalogi-:-Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen --- 094:910.4 Oude en merkwaardige drukken. Kostbare en zeldzame boeken. Preciosa en rariora-:-Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen --- 910.4 <43> Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen----Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989 --- Travelers''' writings --- 910.4 <44> --- 094:910.4 --- Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen----Frankrijk --- 910.4 <44> Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen----Frankrijk --- 910.4 <492> --- 910.4 <493> --- -Travel, Medieval --- -Travelers' writings --- Travelogues (Travelers' writings) --- Writings of travelers --- Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen----Nederland --- Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen----België --- -Bio-bibliography. --- 910.4 <493> Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen----België --- 910.4 <492> Ontdekkingsreizen. Reizen. Expedities. Reisverhalen----Nederland --- Literature --- Civilization, Medieval --- Asia, South West --- Asia, Southwest --- Asia, West --- Asia, Western --- East (Middle East) --- Eastern Mediterranean --- Fertile Crescent --- Levant --- Mediterranean Region, Eastern --- Mideast --- Near East --- Northern Tier (Middle East) --- South West Asia --- Southwest Asia --- West Asia --- Western Asia --- Orient --- Council of Europe countries --- Eastern Hemisphere --- Eurasia --- Bio-bibliography. --- History of France --- anno 500-1499 --- History of the Low Countries --- Geography, Medieval - Bibliography --- Travel, Medieval - Bibliography --- Travelers''' writings - Bibliography --- Travelers' writings - Bibliography --- Europe - Description and travel - Bibliography --- Europe - History - 476-1492 - Bibliography --- Europe - History - 1492-1648 - Bibliography --- Middle East - Description and travel - Bibliography --- Travel writing - Bibliography --- Récit de voyage --- Moyen âge, 476-1492 --- -Bibliography --- RECITS DE VOYAGES EUROPEENS --- RECITS DE VOYAGES --- MOYEN AGE