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This handbook provides a complete and updated view of our current knowledge about Carian, one of the Indo-European languages spoken in ancient Anatolia. The decipherment of the Carian alphabet has only recently made it possible to analyze Carian inscriptions and to classify the Carian language linguistically. The book covers all major topics of research on Carian: the direct and indirect sources with an edition of the Carian inscriptions following a new classification system, the history of the decipherment, the Carian alphabet, and the phonological, morphological, lexical, and syntactic features of the language. It includes an annotated Carian glossary. The volume concludes with a special appendix on Carian coins and legends by Koray Konuk that will be of particular interest to specialists in ancient numismatics.

Carian language. --- Carian language --- Inscriptions, Carian --- Carien (Langue) --- Inscriptions cariennes --- Writing. --- Ecriture --- Writing --- Carian inscriptions --- Anatolian languages --- Inscripties. --- Karisch. --- Écriture. --- Egypte. --- Turkije. --- Carian language - Writing --- Inscriptions, Carian - Egypt --- Inscriptions, Carian - Turkey - Caria

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This volume deals with the ancient Anatolian textual evidence on dreams. The book starts with a study of the evidence from different perspectives. The second and third parts are of special interest for anthropologists and historians of religion, as they focus on the various shapes and functions allotted to dreams in Hittite Anatolia. The fourth part assembles the Hittite cuneiform texts in which a dream is either described or mentioned. The texts are given in transliteration and translation, with relevant bibliography. This study makes a significant contribution to our understanding of dream conception in the ancient Near East by providing a systematic edition and analysis of the Hittite testimonies.

Antropologische aspecten. --- Dromen. --- Droomuitlegging. --- Hettieten. --- Inscripties. --- Religieuze aspecten. --- Dream interpretation --- Dreams. --- Hittites. --- Dreaming --- Subconsciousness --- Visions --- Sleep --- Chatti --- Kheta --- Khita --- Indo-Europeans --- Analysis, Dream --- Dream analysis --- Dreams --- Interpretation, Dream --- History --- Interpretation

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This essay uses Greek and Latin epigraphy (thus preparing a corpus), Palmyrene Semitic epigraphy and the archaeological studies concerning the site to show the originality of Palmyra, which was a tribal society and became more and more influenced by the Roman Empire. The city shares some characteristics with the Roman province, despite its marginal position and its contacts with less hellenized areas, but is under a strong influence of oriental "cultures" (Aramaic, as well as Arabic, Iranian, Babylonian). The identity of the city can be defined and its leading inhabitants, notables who were part of the Greek city of Palmyra, are sometimes well-known. One can reconstruct their civic careers and note the prevailing role of some families. This rather classical aspect is only a part of the whole, with the permanence of local culture (language, art, religion, onomastic) being the other part. Caravan trade, one of the glories of Palmyra, is another area where the role of the notables, their influence, is to be seen, outside of the city and in the Empire. In Palmyra itself, it is possible to draw a map of their social position, thanks to their monuments built following the special ways of evergetism existing there. Around the leading citizens was an entourage of people less apparent in the epigraphic evidence (women and freedmen), but they are not to be underestimated as shown by the example of Zenobia. Notables, beyond their own life, used to put on stage the power of their family, by the construction of tombs. Those monuments are also signs of the penetration of ways that originated in the Roman Empire, which does not mean that the local traditions were disappearing, as shown by the constant use of Aramaic.

Upper class --- Syria --- Tadmur (Syria) --- Social conditions --- Antiquities. --- Archaeology --- Archeologische vondsten. --- Citoyenneté - Syrie - Palmyre (Ville ancienne). --- Citoyenneté --- Civilization. --- Elite. --- Elites. --- Ethnicité - Syrie - Palmyre (Ville ancienne). --- Ethnicité --- Griechisch. --- Inschrift. --- Inscripties. --- Inscriptions araméennes - Syrie - Palmyre (Ville ancienne). --- Inscriptions araméennes --- Inscriptions grecques - Syrie - Palmyre (Ville ancienne). --- Inscriptions grecques --- Latein. --- Sozialgeschichte. --- Élite (Sciences sociales) - Syrie - Palmyre (Ville ancienne). --- Élite (Sciences sociales) --- Epigraphy --- Greco-Roman world. --- Palmyra. --- Palmyre (Ville ancienne) - Conditions sociales. --- Palmyre (Ville ancienne) - Histoire. --- Palmyre (Ville ancienne) --- Palmyre (Ville ancienne). --- Conditions sociales. --- Histoire. --- History. --- Regions & Countries - Asia & the Middle East --- History & Archaeology --- Middle East --- Tudmur (Syria) --- Tadmor (Syria) --- Tedmor (Syria) --- Palmyra (Syria) --- Palmyre (Syria) --- Palmyra --- Antiquities --- History --- Antiquités --- Histoire --- épigraphie --- Empire romain --- Syrie antique --- Mésopotamie --- nécropole --- Palmyre