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New edition of this core text for all students of social anthropology. Additions include cultural property rights and commercialisation of identity.

Ethnicity. --- Ethnic groups. --- Nationalism.

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Drawing on extensive fieldwork conducted in the 1980s and 1990s in southern Sichuan, this pathbreaking study examines the nature of ethnic consciousness and ethnic relations among local communities, focusing on the Nuosu (classified as Yi by the Chinese government), Prmi, Naze, and Han. It argues that even within the same regional social system, ethnic identity is formulated, perceived, and promoted differently by different communities at different times. Ways of Being Ethnic in Southwest China exemplifies a model in which ethnic consciousness and ethnic relations consist of drawing boundaries between one's own group and others, crossing those boundaries, and promoting internal unity within a group. Leaders and members of ethnic groups use commonalties and differences in history, culture, and kinship to promote internal unity and to strengthen or cross external boundaries. Superimposed on the structure of competing and cooperating local groups is a state system of ethnic classification and administration; members and leaders of local groups incorporate this system into their own ethnic consciousness, co-opting or resisting it situationally. The heart of the book consists of detailed case studies of three Nuosu village communities, along with studies of Prmi and Naze communities, smaller groups such as the Yala and Nasu, and Han Chinese who live in minority areas. These are followed by a synthesis that compares different configurations of ethnic identity in different communities and discusses the implications of these examples for our understanding of ethnicity and for the near future of China. This lively description and analysis of the region's complex ethnic identities and relationships constitutes an original and important contribution to the study of ethnic identity. Ways of Being Ethnic in Southwest China will be of interest to social scientists concerned with issues of ethnicity and state-building.

Ethnicity. --- Ethnic groups.

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Ethnic groups. --- Minorities. --- Race discrimination. --- Race relations.

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This book examines how the Ming state transformed the multi-ethnic society of Yunnan into a province. Yunnan had remained outside the ambit of central government when ruled by the Dali kingdom, 937-1253, and its foundation as a province by the Yuan regime in 1276 did not disrupt Dali kingdom style political, social and religious institutions. It was the Ming state in the fourteenth to seventeenth centuries through its institutions for military and civilian control which brought about profound changes and truly transformed local society into a province. In contrast to other studies which have portrayed Yunnan as a non-Han frontier region waiting to be colonised, this book, by focusing on changes in local society, casts off the idea of Yunnan as a border area far from civilisation.

Ethnic groups --- Yunnan Sheng (China) --- Civilization --- History.

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Health and race --- Medical anthropology --- Epidemiology --- Ethnic groups --- Disease --- Ethnic Groups. --- Santé et race --- Anthropologie médicale --- Épidémiologie --- Groupes ethniques --- Epidemiology. --- Health and race. --- Medical anthropology. --- Diseases --- ethnology. --- Diseases. --- Medical care --- Medicine --- Nationality --- Ethnic Group --- Group, Ethnic --- Groups, Ethnic --- Nationalities --- Ethnic identities --- Ethnic nations (Ethnic groups) --- Kindred groups (Ethnic groups) --- Nationalities (Ethnic groups) --- Peoples (Ethnic groups) --- Anthropological aspects --- Santé et race --- Anthropologie médicale --- Épidémiologie --- Ethnic Groups --- ethnology --- Anthropology --- Race --- Ethnology --- Public health --- Ethnicity --- Ethnic groups. --- Groupes ethniques. --- ethnic groups. --- Maladies --- Ethnicity.