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taxonomy --- biodiversity --- new species --- evolution --- morphology --- Animals --- Plants --- Animaux --- Plantes --- Plant kingdom --- Plantae --- Vascular plants --- Vegetable kingdom --- Vegetation --- Wildlife --- Organisms --- Botany --- Animal kingdom --- Beasts --- Fauna --- Native animals --- Native fauna --- Wild animals --- Human-animal relationships --- Zoology --- Flora
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This Special Issue brings together some interconnected topics related to fungi and plants such as biodiversity, taxonomy, conservation, molecular phylogeny, ecology, and plant–fungal interactions. Additionally, some applied aspects are covered, such as phytoremediation, the improvement of spinach growth by biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, bio-friendly solutions for waste reduction, the accumulation of rare-earth elements by wild edible mushrooms, etc.
1 new taxon --- Agaricomycetes --- Basidiomycota --- biodiversity --- climate change --- Inocybaceae --- taxonomy --- spinach --- biochar --- AMF --- plant growth --- root morphological traits --- chlorophyll content --- soil enzymes and microbial biomass --- boletes --- morphology --- phylogeny --- new taxa --- DNA metabarcoding --- phylogenetic structure --- habitat filtering --- molecular phylogeny --- fungal ecology --- multi-gene phylogeny --- plant pathogen --- soil-borne fungi --- tree disease --- ascomycetous yeast --- distribution --- new species --- Wickerhamomyces --- mushrooms --- trace elements --- rare earth elements --- urban soils --- forest --- Boletales --- bolete diversity --- biogeography --- mycorrhizal fungi --- metal(loid)s pollution --- soil --- plants --- waste --- recyclable substrates --- oyster fungi --- antioxidants --- phenolic compounds --- n/a
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Insects have successfully inhabited all freshwater habitats on Earth and are often the most diverse and abundant species in streams and ponds. With a disproportionally high species richness compared to the area covered by freshwaters, aquatic insects represent a hotspot of diversity. They play crucial roles in aquatic food webs as primary consumers, detritivores, and predators, but they also represent an important food resource for aquatic and terrestrial predators. Many aquatic insect orders, such as mayflies, stoneflies, and caddisflies, include taxa that are highly sensitive to habitat alterations, reflecting the health of the overall aquatic ecosystem. This feature is exploited by many scientists and practitioners around the world for water and environment quality monitoring. Despite their importance in term of diversity, ecosystem services and bioindication, many aquatic insect species are critically endangered, mainly due to anthropogenic pressures on freshwaters and climate change. Although the research efforts on aquatic insects tremendously increased during the 21st century, much is still left undiscovered. This Special Issue addresses existing knowledge gaps and increases our understanding of taxonomic diversity and phylogeny, distribution patterns, and community ecology of aquatic insects through 15 new studies that cover most of the aquatic insect orders over a wide geographic range. In a context of rapid global biodiversity loss, accelerating the acquisition of both fundamental and applied knowledge is crucial.
Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Ecological science, the Biosphere --- odonate --- flight period --- checklist --- Eastern Mediterranean --- citizen science --- climate --- water quality --- functional richness --- functional specialization --- functional evenness --- impact of mining and forest fire --- aquatic insects --- conservation --- life cycle --- limnology --- mayfly --- North Africa --- rivers --- streams --- developing country --- multivariate statistics --- bioindication value --- index scores --- WQI --- HQI --- EPT --- stoneflies --- USA --- species richness --- hierarchical unit codes --- flow intermittence --- environmental variables --- aquatic macrophytes --- karst --- dragonflies --- damselflies --- anthropogenic impact --- distribution --- local extinction --- museum study --- Plecoptera --- population decline --- island biogeography --- new species --- taxonomy --- biodiversity --- colonization --- endemism --- species radiation --- diving beetles --- freshwater --- chironomid larvae --- water pollution index (WPI) --- alpha and beta diversity --- anthropogenic pressure --- taxonomic diversity --- substrate preference --- Danube --- floodplain --- gomphid nymphs --- Orientogomphus --- Thailand --- Heteroptera --- aquatic --- species compositions --- marine insects --- Hemiptera --- biogeography --- Rif --- Atlas --- Central Plateau --- Oriental Morocco --- mayflies --- phylogenomics --- phylogenetics --- systematics --- n/a
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Sedimentary habitats cover the vast majority of the ocean floor and constitute the largest ecosystem on Earth. These systems supply fundamental services to human beings, such as food production and nutrient recycling. It is well known that meiofauna are an abundant and ubiquitous component of sediments, even though their biodiversity and importance in marine ecosystem functioning remain to be fully investigated. In this book, the meiofaunal biodiversity trends in marine habitats worldwide are documented, along with the collection of empirical evidence on their role in ecosystem services, such as the production, consumption, and decomposition of organic matter, and energy transfer to higher and lower trophic levels. Meiofaunal activities, like feeding and bioturbation, induce changes in several physico-chemical and biological properties of sediments, and might increase the resilience of the benthic ecosystem processes that are essential for the supply of ecosystem goods and services required by humans. As a key component of marine habitats, the taxonomical and functional aspects of the meiofaunal community are also used for the ecological assessment of the sediments’ quality status, providing important information on the anthropogenic impact of benthos.
benthos --- biodiversity --- key --- meiofauna --- taxonomy --- species richness --- β-diversity --- biological traits --- tropical --- marine --- freshwater --- Caribbean --- huntermaniidae --- cletodidae --- rhizotrichidae --- Nannopus --- Monstrillidae --- Monstrillopsis paradoxa sp. nov. --- Monstrillopsis planifrons --- morphological taxonomy --- tagmosis --- male genitalia --- pore pattern --- male/female matching --- marine invertebrate host --- semi-parasitic --- Korea --- free-living marine nematodes --- pictorial key --- macrofauna --- associated fauna --- biological substrate --- species diversity --- community ecology --- benthic ecology --- gastrotricha --- South America --- South Hemisphere --- nuclear genes --- ABGD --- BINs --- DNA barcoding --- mPTP --- dam impact --- estuary --- heavy metals --- free-living nematodes --- density --- diversity --- benthic foraminifera --- checklist --- Kuwait --- Arabian Gulf --- North Adriatic Sea --- trophic status --- prokaryotes --- ecosystem functioning --- sea turtles --- loggerheads --- marine biodiversity --- epibionts --- Florida --- Gulf of Mexico --- meiofauna paradox --- nematodes --- Nematoda --- hotspots --- phoresis --- epibiosis --- ciliophora --- suctorea --- nematoda --- ecology --- new species --- bioindicators
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