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This collection is intended to provide instructors with flexibility in designing and teaching a variety of courses in moral philosophy. The first section moves from classical thought, through medieval views to modern theory, while the second looks at developments in the 20th century. This collection is organized into sections, intended to provide instructors with flexibility in designing and teaching a variety of courses in moral philosophy. Opening with Alasdair MacIntyre's discussion of the importance of the history of ethics, the first section, Historical Sources, moves from classical thought (Plato, Aristotle, Epicurus and Epictetus) through medieval views (Augustine and Aquinas) to modern theories (Hobbes, Butler, Hume, Kant, Bentham and Mill). It culminates with the religiosity of Kierkegaard, the pessimism of Schopenhauer, the nihilism of Nietzsche, the pragmatism of James and Dewey, and the existentialism of Camus and Sartre. The readings are reprinted in their entirety wherever possible. The second section of the text, Modern Ethical Theory, begins with James Rachels' overview of recent developments and includes many important essays of the 20th century. The discussion of utilitarianism, Kantianism, egoism, and relativism continues in the work of major contemporary philosophers (Williams, Brandt, Feinberg, Foot and Rachels). Landmark selections (Moore, Ross, Stevenson, Baier, Hare, Harman, and Gauthier) reflect concern with moral language and the justification of morality. The concepts of justice (Rawls), rights (Feinberg), and saintliness (Urmson and Wolff) are explored, as well as recent views on the importance of virtue ethics (MacIntyre and Rachels), and an ethic influenced by feminist concerns (Held). Peter Singer's discussion of the significance of applied ethics opens the third section, Contemporary Moral Problems. The readings present the current debates over abortion (Thomson, Tooley and Sterba), euthanasia (Rachels and Foot), famine relief (Singer and Arthur), animal rights (Regan and Cohen), the death penalty (van den Haag and Nathanson), and affirmative action (Hill and Kekes). This book is intended for students taking introductory ethics and moral philosophy courses.

Ethics --- Ethiek --- Ethique --- Ethics. --- moraalfilosofie --- philosophie morale --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values

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Ethics. --- Social sciences --- Sociobiology --- Philosophy. --- Ethics --- Biologism --- Human biology --- Human evolution --- Psychology, Comparative --- Social evolution --- Social philosophy --- Social theory --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Social aspects

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Competition (Psychology) --- Death --- Ethics --- Social sciences --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Dying --- End of life --- Life --- Terminal care --- Terminally ill --- Thanatology --- Competitive behavior --- Competitiveness (Psychology) --- Conflict (Psychology) --- Interpersonal relations --- Motivation (Psychology) --- Behavioral sciences --- Human sciences --- Sciences, Social --- Social science --- Social studies --- Civilization

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Race, ethnicity, nationality, religion, gender, sexuality: in the past couple of decades, a great deal of attention has been paid to such collective identities. They clamor for recognition and respect, sometimes at the expense of other things we value. But to what extent do "identities" constrain our freedom, our ability to make an individual life, and to what extent do they enable our individuality? In this beautifully written work, renowned philosopher and African Studies scholar Kwame Anthony Appiah draws on thinkers through the ages and across the globe to explore such questions. 'The Ethics of Identity' takes seriously both the claims of individuality--the task of making a life---and the claims of identity, these large and often abstract social categories through which we define ourselves. What sort of life one should lead is a subject that has preoccupied moral and political thinkers from Aristotle to Mill. Here, Appiah develops an account of ethics, in just this venerable sense--but an account that connects moral obligations with collective allegiances, our individuality with our identities. As he observes, the question 'who' we are has always been linked to the question 'what' we are. Adopting a broadly interdisciplinary perspective, Appiah takes aim at the cliche;s and received ideas amid which talk of identity so often founders. Is "culture" a good? For that matter, does the concept of culture really explain anything? Is diversity of value in itself? Are moral obligations the only kind there are? Has the rhetoric of "human rights" been overstretched? In the end, Appiah's arguments make it harder to think of the world as divided between the West and the Rest between locals and cosmopolitans between Us and Them. The result is a new vision of liberal humanism--one that can accommodate the vagaries and variety that make us human.

General ethics --- Ethics --- Group identity --- Identity (Psychology) --- Personal identity --- Personality --- Self --- Ego (Psychology) --- Individuality --- Collective identity --- Community identity --- Cultural identity --- Social identity --- Social psychology --- Collective memory --- Deontology --- Ethics, Primitive --- Ethology --- Moral philosophy --- Morality --- Morals --- Philosophy, Moral --- Science, Moral --- Philosophy --- Values --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Ethics. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Morale --- Identité collective --- Identité (Psychologie) --- Aspect moral --- Group identity - Moral and ethical aspects --- Identity (Psychology) - Moral and ethical aspects