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Agroforestry

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Third World: agricultural and food problems --- Private forests --- Tree crops --- Forêts privées --- Plantations ligneuses --- Management. --- Gestion --- Woodlots --- Agroforestry --- Management --- Forêts privées --- Developing countries: agricultural and food problems --- Tree crops - Africa, Eastern. --- Tree crops - South Asia. --- Woodlots - Management - Africa, Eastern. --- Woodlots - Management - South Asia. --- Agroforestry - Africa, Eastern. --- Agroforestry - South, Asia.

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Community forests --- Forêts communales --- Forêt collective --- communal forests --- design --- Réglementation --- Regulations --- Aménagement forestier --- Forest management --- Inventaire forestier --- Forest inventories --- Composition botanique --- Botanical composition --- Environnement socioéconomique --- socioeconomic environment --- Agroforesterie --- agroforestry --- Gabon --- Forêts communales

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Forests and forestry --- Botany --- Rain forest ecology --- Forêts et sylviculture --- Botanique --- Ecologie des forêts pluviales --- Forêt tropicale humide --- Tropical rain forests --- Biodiversité --- Biodiversity --- Écologie forestière --- forest ecology --- Politique forestière --- Forestry policies --- world --- Botany. --- Ecology. --- Forest ecology --- Central Africa --- Central America --- Malaysia = Malesia ( = Brunei, Indonesia, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Papua New Guinea, Philippines ) --- South America --- West Africa --- agriculture --- agroforestry --- bioconservation --- biodiversity --- climate --- co-evolution --- deforestation --- dendrology & forestry --- distribution --- dynamics --- endemics --- epiphytes --- forest exploitation --- forest structure --- fragmentation --- humidity --- lianas = lianes --- nature reserves --- phenology --- pollination --- tropical ecology --- tropical rain forest structure --- tropical rain forests --- Écologie des forêts pluviales --- Forêts pluviales --- Forêts et sylviculture --- Ecologie des forêts pluviales --- Écologie des forêts pluviales. --- Forêts pluviales.

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Shady Practices is a revealing analysis of the gendered political ecology brought about by conflicting local interests and changing developmental initiatives in a West African village. Between 1975 and 1985, while much of Africa suffered devastating drought conditions, Gambian women farmers succeeded in establishing hundreds of lucrative communal market gardens. In less than a decade, the women's incomes began outstripping their husbands' in many areas, until a shift in development policy away from gender equity and toward environmental concerns threatened to do away with the social and economic gains of the garden boom. Male landholders joined forestry personnel in attempts to displace the gardens and capture women's labor for the irrigation of male-controlled tree crops.This carefully documented microhistory draws on field experience spanning more than two decades and the insights of disciplines ranging from critical human geography to development studies. Schroeder combines the "success story" of the market gardens with a cautionary tale about the aggressive pursuit of natural resource management objectives, however well intentioned. He shows that questions of power and social justice at the community level need to enter the debates of policymakers and specialists in environment and development planning.

Gambia. --- Mandingo (African people)-- Agriculture. --- Patriarchy. --- Mandingo (African people) --- Women, Mandingo --- Agriculture. --- Economic conditions. --- Mandingo women --- Women, Mandingo (African people) --- Malinke (African people) --- Mandé (African people) --- Manding (African people) --- Mandingue (African people) --- Mandinka (African people) --- Mandino (African people) --- Maninka (African people) --- Maninkaalu (African people) --- Soce (African people) --- Sosse (African people) --- Ethnology --- Agroforestry --- Division of labor --- Forest ecology --- Patriarchy --- Sex role --- Gender role --- Sex (Psychology) --- Sex differences (Psychology) --- Social role --- Gender expression --- Sexism --- Androcracy --- Patriarchal families --- Fathers --- Families --- Male domination (Social structure) --- Patrilineal kinship --- Forests and forestry --- Ecology --- Labor, Division of --- Labor --- Economic specialization --- Agro-forestry --- Agriculture --- Tree crops --- Social conditions --- Political aspects --- Economic conditions --- Alkalikunda (Gambia) --- Social life and customs. --- Forest ecosystems --- Gender roles --- Gendered role --- Gendered roles --- Role, Gender --- Role, Gendered --- Role, Sex --- Roles, Gender --- Roles, Gendered --- Roles, Sex --- Sex roles --- 1970s. --- 1980s. --- academic. --- community. --- crops. --- cultural studies. --- drought. --- economics. --- economy. --- environmental. --- environmentalist. --- farmers. --- farming. --- female farmers. --- forestry. --- gambia. --- gardening. --- gender politics. --- gender roles. --- gender studies. --- geography. --- human development. --- irrigation. --- landowners. --- microhistory. --- natural disaster. --- political. --- politics. --- scholarly. --- small town. --- social justice. --- village. --- west africa. --- womens labor. --- working women. --- world history.