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Partout dans le monde, on constate non seulement la persistance, mais bien le creusement des inégalités en matière de santé. Le Québec ne fait pas exception : on a estimé qu'environ cinq ans d'espérance de vie et près de quinze années de vie en bonne santé y séparent les populations les plus défavorisées des groupes les plus avantagés. Cet écart ne s'explique qu'en partie par l'inégale répartition des ressources matérielles. Les causes sont à l'évidence plus complexes, et il convient de les définir avec le plus de rigueur possible. Soutenu par le Réseau de recherche en santé des populations du Québec, cet ouvrage rassemble les contributions d'auteurs aux expertises très diverses. L'épidémiologie sociale et la sociologie, mais aussi la psychologie, la géographie, l'anthropologie, la neurobiologie et l'évaluation de programmes comptent ainsi parmi les voies empruntées pour aborder un objet d'étude en pleine évolution. Les solutions à cet important problème de santé publique et d'équité passeront en effet par le partage des connaissances et la complémentarité des perspectives.

Health Policy.

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Health Behavior --- Health Policy

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Is there a shared nature common to all human beings? What essential qualities might define this nature? These questions are among the most widely discussed topics in the history of philosophy and remain subjects of perennial interest and controversy. The Nature of Human Persons offers a metaphysical investigation of the composition of the human essence. For a human being to exist, does it require an immaterial mind, a physical body, a functioning brain, a soul? Jason Eberl also considers the criterion of identity for a developing human being--that is, what is required for a human being to continue existing as a person despite undergoing physical and psychological changes over time? Eberl's investigation presents and defends a theoretical perspective from the thirteenth-century philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas. Advancing beyond descriptive historical analysis, this book places Aquinas's account of human nature into direct comparison with several prominent contemporary theories: substance dualism, emergentism, animalism, constitutionalism, four-dimensionalism, and embodied mind theory. These theories inform various conclusions regarding when human beings first come into existence--at conception, during gestation, or after birth--and how we ought to define death for human beings. Finally, each of these viewpoints offers a distinctive rationale as to whether, and if so how, human beings may survive death. Ultimately, Eberl argues that the Thomistic account of human nature addresses the matters of human nature and survival in a much more holistic and desirable way than the other theories and offers a cohesive portrait of one's continued existence from conception through life to death and beyond.

Philosophy,. --- Health Policy. --- Religion.

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“The Programmatic Action Framework (PAF) is the newcomer in the pluralistic set of the theories of the policy process." -Giliberto Capano, Professor of Political Science and Public Policy, University of Bologna, Italy “The book presents empirical cross-country evidence for the PAF's idea that overlapping biographies of policy actors and resulting social identities often drive collective action.” -Tanya Heikkila, Professor of Public Affairs, University of Colorado Denver, USA “This work advances knowledge of programmatic actors comparatively.” -Michael Howlett, Burnaby Mountain Professor, Simon Fraser University, Canada “Johanna Hornung shows that policy change is irrevocably linked to the programmatic group, framed by two specific institutions - the recruitment processes and career paths of administrative actors.” -Sabine Saurugger, Professor of Political Science, Science Po Grenoble, France. This open access book is the first monograph to systematically apply the Programmatic Action Framework (PAF) in a comparative analysis of public policy in two institutionally different countries. The PAF seeks to explain long-term policy change by examining the shared biographies of policy actors who, to foster their careers, coalesce around policy programs which they promote throughout the policy process. Comparing health policy-making in France and Germany between 1990 and 2020, the book sheds light on the institutional settings that are necessary for programmatic action to occur. It will appeal to scholars and students of public policy, public administration, and health policy. Johanna Hornung is a Research Associate at the Institute of Comparative Politics and Public Policy, TU Braunschweig, Germany.

Political planning. --- Comparative government. --- Medical policy. --- Public Policy. --- Comparative Politics. --- Health Policy. --- Programmatic action --- Health policy --- Comparative politics --- Public policy --- Social identities --- French health policy --- German health policy

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Étudier tous les rouages de la lutte contre la tuberculose en Normandie entre 1879 et 1939, telle est l'ambition de cet ouvrage. La tuberculose succède à la phtisie, qui n'avait de romantique que le nom, et devient le fléau social par excellence au tournant du xxe siècle. Confrontées à la contagion exponentielle dans les tranchées et au retour des militaires poitrinaires dans leurs foyers, les autorités françaises prennent enfin la direction de l'action sanitaire et sociale en 1915, le spectre de la dépopulation hantant les esprits patriotiques. L'engagement du pays se veut dès lors total. Les aménagements d'infrastructures sont à la hauteur des ambitions : on ouvre des dispensaires, des sanatoriums, des pavillons d'isolement hospitaliers et des préventoriums. La protection de l'enfance en danger devient une priorité. Le combat contre la tuberculose est engagé. Il n'est toutefois pas question seulement ici de réalisations politiques, médicales et sociales, mais aussi d'hommes et de femmes, de citoyens ordinaires porteurs de la tuberculose. Désorientés par l'annonce de la maladie, soumis à des préceptes hygiéniques, isolés de leurs proches et devenus des parias, ils n'ont parfois d'autre choix que de dissimuler leur état de santé.

History --- Health Policy & Services --- épidémie --- santé publique