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Focusing on the broad range of attitudes Black people employ to make sense of their Blackness, this volume offers the latest research on racial identity. The first section explores meaning-making, or the importance of holding one type of racial-cultural identity as compared to another. It looks at a wide range of topics, including stereotypes, spirituality, appearance, gender and intersectionalities, masculinity, and more. The second section examines the different expressions of internalized racism that arise when the pressure of oppression is too great, and includes such topics as identity orientations, self-esteem, colorism, and linked fate. Grounded in psychology, the research presented here makes the case for understanding Black identity as wide ranging in content, subject to multiple interpretations, and linked to both positive mental health as well as varied forms of internalized racism.

African Americans --- Negritude --- Race identity. --- Social conditions --- Ethnic identity --- United States --- Race relations. --- Race question

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The Negritude Movement provides readers with not only an intellectual history of the Negritude Movement but also its prehistory (W.E.B. Du Bois, the New Negro Movement, and the Harlem Renaissance) and its posthistory (Frantz Fanon and the evolution of Fanonism).

Negritude (Literary movement) --- Blacks --- Negroes --- Ethnology --- Literary movements --- Literature, Modern --- Race identity --- History. --- History and criticism --- Black persons --- Black people

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In America today, the problem of achieving racial justice--whether through "color-blind" policies or through affirmative action--provokes more noisy name-calling than fruitful deliberation. In Color Conscious, K. Anthony Appiah and Amy Gutmann, two eminent moral and political philosophers, seek to clear the ground for a discussion of the place of race in politics and in our moral lives. Provocative and insightful, their essays tackle different aspects of the question of racial justice; together they provide a compelling response to our nation's most vexing problem. Appiah begins by establishing the problematic nature of the idea of race. He draws on the scholarly consensus that "race" has no legitimate biological basis, exploring the history of its invention as a social category and showing how the concept has been used to explain differences among groups of people by mistakenly attributing various "essences" to them. Appiah argues that, while people of color may still need to gather together, in the face of racism, under the banner of race, they need also to balance carefully the calls of race against the many other dimensions of individual identity; and he suggests, finally, what this might mean for our political life. Gutmann examines alternative political responses to racial injustice. She argues that American politics cannot be fair to all citizens by being color blind because American society is not color blind. Fairness, not color blindness, is a fundamental principle of justice. Whether policies should be color-conscious, class conscious, or both in particular situations, depends on an open-minded assessment of their fairness. Exploring timely issues of university admissions, corporate hiring, and political representation, Gutmann develops a moral perspective that supports a commitment to constitutional democracy. Appiah and Gutmann write candidly and carefully, presenting many-faceted interpretations of a host of controversial issues. Rather than supplying simple answers to complex questions, they offer to citizens of every color principled starting points for the ongoing national discussions about race.

Whites --- African Americans --- Racism --- Race awareness --- Negritude --- Race identity --- Race identity. --- Ethnic identity --- United States --- Race relations. --- Race question --- White persons --- Ethnology --- Caucasian race --- White people

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Can White parents teach their Black children African American culture and history? Can they impart to them the survival skills necessary to survive in the racially stratified United States? Concerns over racial identity have been at the center of controversies over transracial adoption since the 1970's, as questions continually arise about whether White parents are capable of instilling a positive sense of African American identity in their Black children. ""[An] empathetic study of meanings of cross-racial adoption to adoptees"". -Law and Politics Book Review, Vol. 11, No. 11, Nov. 2001.

Adoption --- African Americans --- Adoptees --- Interracial adoption --- Child placing --- Foster home care --- Parent and child --- Negritude --- Adopted persons --- Adult adoptees --- Government policy --- Race identity. --- Ethnic identity

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"This volume seeks to theorize and explore the concept of "neo-passing," or the proliferation of passing in the post-Jim Crow moment. Why--in our "color-blind" or "post-racial" moment--is passing still of such literary and cultural interest? To answer this question, chapters in this book focus on a range of passing practices, performances and texts that are part of the emerging genre of what we call neo-passing narratives. Neo-passing narratives are contemporary narratives that depict someone being taken for an identity other than what s/he is considered really to be. That these texts are written, constructed, or produced at a time when passing should have passed reveals that the questions passing raises--questions about how identity is performed and contested in relation to social norms--are just as relevant now as they were at the turn of the twentieth century"--

Race in literature. --- African Americans in literature. --- Race awareness --- African Americans --- Passing (Identity) in literature. --- Negritude --- Afro-Americans in literature --- Negroes in literature --- Race identity. --- Ethnic identity