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This book offers a new perspective on conscience as an as yet unrealized human potential, but a potential toward which human beings are naturally driven. A distinction is made between a ""mature"" or ""healthy"" conscience - a ""conscience capable of maturation"" - and the classical notion of the superego; it also postulates that the two may represent two separate lines of development. Conscience is seen to be inseparable from consciousness; the development of a mature conscience is seen to have its foundation in the development of a true or authentic self, while the classical notion of the su

Superego. --- Conscience. --- Philosophy of mind. --- Psychoanalysis.

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Whereas Freud himself viewed conscience as one of the functions of the superego, in The Still Small Voice: Psychoanalytic Reflections on Guilt and Conscience, the authorargues that superego and conscience are distinct mental functions and that, therefore, a fourth mental structure, the conscience, needs to be added to the psychoanalytic structural theory of the mind. He claims that while both conscience and superego originate in the so-called pre-oedipal phase of infant and child development they are comprised of contrasting and often conflicting identifications. The primary object, still most often the mother, is inevitably experienced as, on the one hand, nurturing and soothing and, on the other, as frustrating and persecuting. Conscience is formed in identification with the nurturer; the superego in identification with the aggressor. There is a principle of reciprocity at work in the human psyche: for love received one seeks to return love; for hate, hate (the talion law).

Psychoanalysis. --- Guilt. --- Conscience. --- Ethics --- Guilt --- Superego --- Emotions --- Conscience --- Shame --- Psychology --- Psychology, Pathological --- Psychological aspects

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An examination of the discourse of political prisoners as a form of vernacular rhetoric.

Communication in politics. --- Conscience --- Rhetoric --- Political aspects. --- Political communication --- Politics and literature --- Ethics --- Guilt --- Superego --- Political science

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Contemporary law and public policy often treat human beings as selfish creatures who respond only to punishments and rewards. Yet every day we behave unselfishly--few of us mug the elderly or steal the paper from our neighbor's yard, and many of us go out of our way to help strangers. We nevertheless overlook our own good behavior and fixate on the bad things people do and how we can stop them. In this pathbreaking book, acclaimed law and economics scholar Lynn Stout argues that this focus neglects the crucial role our better impulses could play in society. Rather than lean on the power of greed to shape laws and human behavior, Stout contends that we should rely on the force of conscience. Stout makes the compelling case that conscience is neither a rare nor quirky phenomenon, but a vital force woven into our daily lives. Drawing from social psychology, behavioral economics, and evolutionary biology, Stout demonstrates how social cues--instructions from authorities, ideas about others' selfishness and unselfishness, and beliefs about benefits to others--have a powerful role in triggering unselfish behavior. Stout illustrates how our legal system can use these social cues to craft better laws that encourage more unselfish, ethical behavior in many realms, including politics and business. Stout also shows how our current emphasis on self-interest and incentives may have contributed to the catastrophic political missteps and financial scandals of recent memory by encouraging corrupt and selfish actions, and undermining society's collective moral compass. This book proves that if we care about effective laws and civilized society, the powers of conscience are simply too important for us to ignore.

Conscience. --- Law - Moral and ethical aspects. --- Law -- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Law and ethics. --- Conscience --- Law and ethics --- Law --- Philosophy --- Ethics --- Philosophy & Religion --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- Acts, Legislative --- Enactments, Legislative --- Laws (Statutes) --- Legislative acts --- Legislative enactments --- Ethics and law --- Law and morals --- Morals and law --- Jurisprudence --- Legislation --- Guilt --- Superego --- Droit --- Philosophie --- Sources

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With a new century, there has emerged a new age in moral considerations. The Arab Spring, Facebook, and the Occupy Movement all point to an awareness of, and concern for, the moral character of the individual and the collective. The phrase, “it’s the right thing to do”, echoing throughout news media and one’s daily exchanges, typically indicates a moral positioning. Presented in this book is the argument that now is the time to call it what it is, a matter of conscience, and to embrace the transformative power of a new vocabulary for moral and character education. In a more expansive approach than typically seen, this book examines the nature and function of conscience. Building upon the foundational work of Thomas Green (1999), the vocabulary of reflexive judgment, reflexive emotions, normation, and voices of conscience, are explored as they apply to moral formation, with examples and applications provided. Specific attention is given to the interrelationship of the collective conscience with democracy. Educating for conscience and the notion of the sacred are also examined. Written from an educator’s perspective, this book offers a framework for moral education to both the secular and religious domains.

Conscience. --- Moral education. --- Philosophy --- Education --- Social Sciences --- Philosophy & Religion --- Education - General --- Ethics --- Character education --- Ethical education --- Education. --- Education, general. --- Child rearing --- Religious education --- Guilt --- Superego --- Children --- Education, Primitive --- Education of children --- Human resource development --- Instruction --- Pedagogy --- Schooling --- Students --- Youth --- Civilization --- Learning and scholarship --- Mental discipline --- Schools --- Teaching --- Training --- Character. --- Ethology --- Personality