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"Explores the issues surrounding the architectural design of insane asylums in the late nineteenth-century Habsburg Empire, including the paradox of maximizing individual freedom within an environment of involuntary confinement"--
Hospital architecture --- Psychiatric hospitals --- Hospitals --- Insane asylums --- Mental hospitals --- Mental illness --- Mental institutions --- Mentally ill --- Psychiatry in general hospitals --- Asylums --- Mental health facilities --- Specialty hospitals --- Architecture --- Hospital buildings --- History --- Design and construction --- Psychiatric services --- Psychiatric hospitals - Europe, Central - Design and construction - History - 19th century --- Psychiatric hospitals - Europe, Central - Design and construction - History - 20th century --- Hospital architecture - Europe, Central - History - 19th century --- Hospital architecture - Europe, Central - History - 20th century --- Austria. --- Germany. --- Habsburg Empire. --- Vienna. --- World War I. --- architecture. --- asylum. --- freedom. --- hospitals. --- insitution. --- late nineteenth century. --- mental health. --- nationalism. --- psychiatric. --- psychiatrist. --- psychology. --- utopia. --- ”caged freedom”.
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In 2005, Iraq drafted its first constitution and held the country's first democratic election in more than fifty years. Even under ideal conditions, drafting a constitution can be a prolonged process marked by contentious debate, and conditions in Iraq are far from ideal: Iraq has long been racked by ethnic and sectarian conflict, which intensified following the American invasion and continues today. This severe division, which often erupted into violence, would not seem to bode well for the fate of democracy. So how is it that Iraq was able to surmount its sectarianism to draft a constitution that speaks to the conflicting and largely incompatible ideological view of the Sunnis, Shi'ah, and Kurds? Haider Ala Hamoudi served in 2009 as an adviser to Iraq's Constitutional Review Committee, and he argues here that the terms of the Iraqi Constitution are sufficiently capacious to be interpreted in a variety of ways, allowing it to appeal to the country's three main sects despite their deep disagreements. While some say that this ambiguity avoids the challenging compromises that ultimately must be made if the state is to survive, Hamoudi maintains that to force these compromises on issues of central importance to ethnic and sectarian identity would almost certainly result in the imposition of one group's views on the others. Drawing on the original negotiating documents, he shows that this feature of the Constitution was not an act of evasion, as is sometimes thought, but a mark of its drafters' awareness in recognizing the need to permit the groups the time necessary to develop their own methods of working with one another over time.
Constitutional law --- Constitutional history --- Representative government and representation --- Federal government --- Interpretation and construction --- History --- Iraq --- Politics and government --- iraq, law, legal, legalism, constitution, government, governance, governing, democratic, democracy, politics, political science, elections, conflict, invasion, war, military, violence, sunnis, shiah, kurds, constitutional review committee, identity, awareness, interpretation, construction, history, historical, 21st century, representation, federal, bargains, limitations, federalism, ratification, parliamentary republic.
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By today's standards, the on-board computer used by the Apollo astronaut's was a primitive affair, but in an age when most computers filled an entire room, this was small, required little power, and incorporated several technologies that were revolutionary for its time. This is the first book to fully describe the Apollo guidance computer's architecture, Executive software, and the programs used by astronauts. It describes the full range of technologies required in order to fly the Apollo lunar missions, and whicn enabled the astronauts to fly to the Moon - and back!
Electronic digital computers -- United States -- Design and construction -- History. --- Project Apollo (U.S.) -- History. --- Space flight to the moon -- Data processing -- History. --- Space vehicles -- United States -- Guidance systems -- Design and construction -- History. --- Space vehicles --- Navigation (Astronautics) --- Mechanical Engineering --- Engineering & Applied Sciences --- Aeronautics Engineering & Astronautics --- Guidance systems --- Control systems --- Data processing --- Space flight to the moon --- Electronic digital computers --- History. --- Design and construction --- Project Apollo (U.S.) --- Automatic digital computers --- Computers, Electronic digital --- Digital computers, Electronic --- Flight to the moon --- Lunar expeditions --- Lunar flight --- Apollo Project (U.S.) --- United States. --- Progetto Apollo (U.S.) --- Engineering. --- Aerospace engineering. --- Astronautics. --- Aerospace Technology and Astronautics. --- Space sciences --- Aeronautics --- Astrodynamics --- Space flight --- Aeronautical engineering --- Astronautics --- Engineering --- Construction --- Industrial arts --- Technology --- Computers --- Hybrid computers --- Sequential machine theory --- Space rockets --- Spacecraft --- Spaceships --- Rocketry --- Vehicles
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When President Eisenhower referred to the "military-industrial complex" in his 1961 Farewell Address, he summed up in a phrase the merger of government and industry that dominated the Cold War United States. In this bold reappraisal, Katherine Epstein uncovers the origins of the military-industrial complex in the decades preceding World War I, as the United States and Great Britain struggled to perfect a crucial new weapon: the self-propelled torpedo. Torpedoes threatened to upend the delicate balance among the world's naval powers, they were bought and sold in a global marketplace, and they were cutting-edge industrial technologies. But building them required substantial capital investments and close collaboration among scientists, engineers, businessmen, and naval officers. To address these formidable challenges, the U.S. and British navies created a new procurement paradigm: instead of buying finished armaments from the private sector or developing them from scratch at public expense, they began to invest in private-sector research and development. The inventions emerging from torpedo R&D sparked legal battles over intellectual property rights that reshaped national security law. Torpedo blends military, legal, and business history with the history of science and technology to recast our understanding of defense contracting and the demands of modern warfare.
Great Britain. -- Royal Navy -- Weapons systems -- History -- 20th century. --- Military-industrial complex -- Great Britain -- History -- 20th century. --- Military-industrial complex -- United States -- History -- 20th century. --- Torpedoes -- Great Britain -- Design and construction -- History -- 20th century. --- Torpedoes -- United States -- Design and construction -- History -- 20th century. --- United States. -- Navy -- Weapons systems -- History -- 20th century. --- Weapons systems -- Technological innovations -- Case studies. --- World War, 1939-1945 -- Equipment and supplies. --- Torpedoes --- Weapons systems --- World War, 1939-1945 --- Military industrial complex --- Military & Naval Science --- Law, Politics & Government --- Naval Science - General --- Design and construction --- History --- Technological innovation --- Equipment and supplies --- Military-industrial complex --- Technological innovations --- Equipment and supplies. --- United States. --- Great Britain. --- Industrial-military complex --- Weapon systems --- Arms --- Military supplies --- Munitions --- Ordnance --- Supplies --- War materials --- Weapons --- U.S. Navy --- צי הבריטי --- Defense industries --- Engineering systems --- Military weapons --- Explosives, Military --- Submarine warfare --- England and Wales. --- E-books
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The archaeology, Egyptology, and archaeological sciences of the SE Mediterranean are ongoing research fields. This book highlights eleven articles that discuss new and contemporary new issues that are diverse in nature and that are linked to the interdisciplinary nature of the presented subjects and that honor the contributions that Prof.I.Liritzis’ has made to the field in advance of his retirement. The content of these articles ranges from Egyptian colonialism and Greek–Egyptian contact to archaeoastronomy, the conservation and restoration science of organic and inorganic material culture, fieldwork in Egypt and Jordan, ancient construction technology, the identification of ancient dyes, and multiscientific techniques to study ancient Egyptian materials to Coptic art.
archaeoastronomy --- Temple of Jupiter Heliopolitanus --- Roman temples of Lebanon --- graffiti --- epigraphy --- desert travel --- Kharga Oasis --- ancient Egypt --- masonry walls --- construction materials --- architectural heritage --- microanalysis --- mineralogical investigation --- nano zinc oxide --- Ceratophyllum demersum --- 4-chloro-m-cresol --- bacteria --- fungi --- historic constructions --- three-leaf masonry walls --- field survey --- construction history --- textile --- Egypt --- Coptic --- dye --- madder --- indigo --- woad --- weld --- HPLC --- optical profilometry --- surface characterization --- chromatic white light --- Antikythera Mechanism --- Gears --- Ancient Astronomy --- Ancient Technology --- Egyptian Calendar --- archaeology --- New Kingdom --- Ramesses --- imperialism --- border --- frontier --- boundary --- Kadesh --- Palestine --- Syria --- Israel --- Mediterranean --- history --- heritage --- culture --- coptic --- masonry --- clay minerals --- microorganisms --- XRD --- XRF --- Wadi El-Natrun --- crucifixion --- apostles --- inscription --- silk --- embroidery --- Greek --- monastery --- conservation --- Ramesside --- dyes --- mummy
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