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With a focus on the economic, social, and political impetus for producing monuments to knowledge, this volume recognizes the encyclopedic compilation as the quintessential tool of enlightenment knowledge transfer. From its modern origins in seventeenth-century France, encyclopedic compilations met the need for the dissemination of information in a more flexible format, one that eschewed the limits of previous centuries of erudition. The rise of vernacular languages dovetailed with the demand for information in every sector, sparking competition among nations to establish the encyclopedic "paper empires" that became symbols of power and potential. In this edited collection, Clorinda Donato and Hans-Jürgen Lüsebrink evaluate the long-overlooked phenomenon of knowledge creation and transfer that occurred in hundreds of translated encyclopedic compilations over the long eighteenth century. Analysing multiple instances of translated compilations, Translation and Transfer of Knowledge in Encyclopedic Compilations, 1680-1830 expands into the vast realm of the multilingual, encyclopedic compilation, the most tangible proof of the global enlightenment. Through the presentation of an extensive corpus of translated compilations, it argues that the true site of knowledge transfer resided in the transnational movement of ideas exemplified by these compendia. The encyclopedia came to represent the aspiring nation as a viable economic and political player on the world stage; the capability to tell knowledge through culture became the hallmark of a nation's cultural capital, symbolic of its might and mapping the how, why, and where of the global eighteenth century.

Literary Criticism / Modern / 18th Century --- Literary Criticism / European / German --- Literary Criticism / European / French --- Literature --- History and criticism --- Appraisal of books --- Books --- Evaluation of literature --- Criticism --- Literary style --- Appraisal --- Evaluation --- Diderot. --- Italian enlightenment. --- book history. --- encyclopedic compilations. --- geography of the book. --- iberoamerican enlightenment. --- long eighteenth century. --- translated encyclopedias. --- transnational enlightenment.

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Of 'Contact Zones' and 'Liminal Spaces' introduces the publication series "Diversity / Diversité / Diversität" of the International Research Training Group (IRTG) Diversity (Trier/Montreal/Saarbrücken). The contributions to this volume address core concepts and research perspectives of our interdisciplinary research group. The IRTG Diversity focuses on a comparative and historically situated analysis of discourses and representations of diversity and cultural pluralism in North America and Europe. The empirical research published in this volume demonstrates how these discourses and representations of diversity create overlapping zones of geographical and chronological reach. These overlapping and highly dynamic zones bear the characteristics of 'contact zones' and 'liminal spaces'. However, they receive their social and cultural dynamism from everyday practices of cultural translation. Contributors: Ursula Lehmkuhl (Trier), Hans-Jürgen Lüsebrink (Saarbrücken), Laurence McFalls (Montreal), Ludger Pries (Bochum), Régine Robin (Montreal/Paris), Philipp Rousseau (Montreal), Werner Schiffauer (Frankfurt/O.), Bertrand Westphal (Limoges).

Diversity --- Spaces of Diversity --- Practices of Diversity --- Migration --- Social Spaces --- Ethnic Diversity --- Cultural-sensitive --- Toleranz --- Islam --- Diversität --- Pluralism --- Pluralismus --- Pluralisme --- Transcultural Spaces --- Alltagskultur --- Migration und Interkulturelle Kommunikation

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L’un des aspects les plus intrigants de l’œuvre de Michel Foucault réside dans son intérêt tardif pour la pensée antique, plus spécialement pour la culture grecque et son héritage romain qu’on peut faire remonter à ses recherches ayant mené, à partir de 1976, à son Histoire de la sexualité. Du fait même de l’infléchissement que connut alors sa pensée, Foucault fut à même d’établir des liens à tous égards originaux et même surprenants entre la pensée antique et la réflexion moderne. En le lisant, c’est une tradition de près de 2500 ans qui s’offre désormais à notre regard. Que nous apprend, sur notre histoire, le fait de mettre en parallèle les propos de Socrate et ceux de Kant ? À quoi peut servir l’interrogation menée sur la sexualité antique, si ce n’est peut-être à la « dépsychologiser », la « dépathologiser », la « détaxonomiser », et ainsi la « désenclaver » de ses classifications ultérieures ? Que nous enseigne le fait d’entendre par « modernité » non plus une « époque » particulière de l’histoire, mais une manière d’être des individus, une certaine attitude adoptée, « ce que les Grecs, souligne Foucault, appelaient un ‘éthos’ » ? De quelle manière, finalement, l’esprit critique moderne s’éclaire-t-il de l’esprit critique antique ? Les études ici rassemblées posent ces questions à Foucault, avec Foucault et parfois aussi contre Foucault, en écho toujours à ce « courage de la vérité » dont il incarna si splendidement l’exemple.

Philosophy, Ancient --- Foucault, Michel,