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Sidónio e Sidonismo.
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Year: 2006 Publisher: [Place of publication not identified] : Coimbra University Press,

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Abstract

O lente republicano da Universidade de Coimbra que, no ano de 1908, lançava uma acusação violenta contra a instituição, defendendo a laicidade do ensino e o laicismo, não é o mesmo que em 1918 se senta nos "doutorais", abrindo as portas ao regresso da tradição académica que, numa certa conjuntura (e só nela), pode ser entendida como uma das formas da Tradição? É o mesmo que permite a penetração do pensamento católico e da ação monárquica? Será esta uma questão relativa à "pessoa" de Sidónio ou uma questão resultante das "circunstâncias" em que pôde irromper um "movimento" que afinal o ultrapassa e que a história chamará "sidonismo"? Sidónio Pais terá sido, na verdade, um germanófilo, defensor de um sistema de poder autoritário, ou a sua presença ministerial em Berlim vale sobretudo como um elemento de vida, sendo sim significativa a sua afirmação presidencialista, como forma de encarar a República e como tentativa de a salvar da instabilidade permanente, regressando assim à lógica presidencialista americana e, sobretudo, brasileira, que marcou as primeiras propostas constitucionais portuguesas? Seja como for, para além de Sidónio está, sem dúvida, a representação do seu mito e a influência que ele exerceu numa direita republicana ou monárquica - a síntese pessoana do "Presidente Rei" é de um significado fundamental - para lá da sua morte trágica, em 14 de Dezembro de 1918. E não há nada como uma morte trágica para criar um mito ou mitos vários ... Partidos e associações cívicas de "direita" apelarão sempre para a imagem de Sidónio, caracterizando-se mesmo a elas próprias de "sidonistas", e para a imagem da "Ditadura", que passaria a ser designada não tanto como um regime de exceção, várias vezes assumido na Monarquia Constitucional ou na República, mas já como um "regime" em si mesmo, que daria origem a uma prática institucional de "terceira via". Por isso os salazaristas apelavam também para a ideia de um "novo Estado", de uma "República Nova" (como existira a ideia de uma "Monarquia Nova"), que sentiram, de forma indelével, na experiência ditatorial de Sidónio Pais. Entende-se, assim, toda a lógica de Salazar ao afirmar, em 28 de Maio de 1934: "As ditaduras não me parecem ser hoje parênteses dum regime, mas elas próprias um regime, senão perfeitamente constituído, um regime em formação. Terão perdido o seu tempo os que voltarem atrás, assim como talvez também o percam os que nelas supuserem encontrar a suma sabedoria política". Quem foi afinal Sidónio Pais? Dêmos a palavra a Malheiro da Silva e a todos os que, depois desta publicação, o quiserem criticar ou interrogar. E a sua tese é que Sidónio representou a via presidencialista da República, aproveitada - é verdade - por amplos sectores, durante a sua ditadura e depois dela, e representou, no fundo, a via autoritarista que a ideia de República também continha, como as ideias e as práticas da Revolução Francesa possuíam essa mesma tendência, conforme o procuraram provar alguns historiadores, como é o caso paradigmático de François Furet.

Keywords

Despotism --- Monarchy. --- History.

Confronting tyranny : ancient lessons for global politics
Authors: ---
ISBN: 0742568628 9780742568624 0742544001 9780742544000 074254401X 9780742544017 Year: 2005 Publisher: Lanham, Md. : Rowan & Littlefield,

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The age of the dictators
Authors: ---
ISBN: 131787014X 131583619X 1317870131 1281830453 9786611830458 1408250802 9781317870135 9780582505803 0582505801 9781317870142 9781315836195 9781317870128 9781138168954 Year: 2007 Publisher: London ; New York ; Tokyo...[et al.] Pearson Longman

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The Age of the Dictators presents a comprehensive survey of the origins and interrelationship of the European dictatorships. All the regimes are addressed, with ample coverage of the period 1939-45, and analysis of the Soviet government up to Stalin's death in 1953.Exploring their ideological and political roots, and the role of the First World War in their rise to power, David Williams identifies the dictatorships as products of their time. He examines the Soviet, Italian Fascist and Nazi dictatorships, as well as the authoritarian regimes in Spain, Portugal, Eastern Europe


Book
Tyrants : a history of power, injustice, and terror
Author:
ISBN: 1316655539 1316656233 1316655881 1316657639 1316014797 1107083052 1107443598 1316653080 9781316657638 9781316014790 9781316656235 9781316655887 9781107443594 9781316655535 9781107083059 Year: 2016 Publisher: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press,

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The forces of freedom are challenged everywhere by a newly energized spirit of tyranny, whether it is Jihadist terrorism, Putin's imperialism, or the ambitions of China's dictatorship, writes Waller R. Newell in this engaging exposé of a thousand dangers. We will see why tyranny is a permanent threat by following its strange career from Homeric Bronze Age warriors, through the empires of Alexander the Great and Rome, to the medieval struggle between the City of God and the City of Man, leading to the state-building despots of the Modern Age including the Tudors and 'enlightened despots' such as Peter the Great. The book explores the psychology of tyranny from Nero to Gaddafi, and how it changes with the Jacobin Terror into millenarian revolution. Stimulating and enlightening, Tyrants: A History of Power, Injustice, and Terror will appeal to anyone interested in the danger posed by tyranny and terror in today's world.


Book
The impacts of dictatorship on heritage management
Author:
ISBN: 1648890407 162273968X 9781648890406 9781622739684 Year: 2020 Publisher: Wilmington, Delaware : Vernon Press,

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Book
Legitimacy : the right to govern in a wanton world
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ISBN: 0674241932 0674241924 0674983467 Year: 2019 Publisher: Cambridge, MA : Harvard University Press,

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What makes a government legitimate? Arthur Isak Applbaum rigorously argues that the greatest threat to democracies today is not loss of basic rights or despotism. It is the tyranny of unreason: domination of citizens by incoherent, inconstant, incontinent rulers. A government that cannot govern itself cannot legitimately govern others.


Book
Domination of Eastern Europe : native nobilities and foreign absolutism, 1500-1715
Author:
ISBN: 0773593942 9780773593947 9780773504387 0773504389 Year: 1986 Publisher: Montreal, [Quebećbec] : McGill-Queen's University Press : Alan Sutton,

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Book
Democracy in the Arab world : explaining the deficit
Authors: ---
ISBN: 1136979611 113697962X 1282898698 9786612898693 0203852869 Year: 2011 Publisher: Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, [England] ; New York : Routledge,

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Despite notable socio-economic development in the Arab region, a deficit in democracy and political rights has continued to prevail. This book examines the major reasons underlying the persistence of this democracy deficit over the past decades and touches on the prospects for deepening the process of democratization in the Arab World.Contributions from major scholars in the region give a cross country analysis of economic development, political institutions and social factors, and the impact of oil wealth and regional wars, and present a model for democracy in the Arab world. Case s


Book
Montesquieu and the Despotic Ideas of Europe : An Interpretation of "The Spirit of the Laws"
Author:
ISBN: 022648307X Year: 2017 Publisher: Chicago : University of Chicago Press,

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Montesquieu is rightly famous as a tireless critic of despotism, which he associates in his writings overtly with Asia and the Middle East and not with the apparently more moderate Western models of governance found throughout Europe. However, a careful reading of Montesquieu reveals that he recognizes a susceptibility to despotic practices in the West-and that the threat emanates not from the East, but from certain despotic ideas that inform such Western institutions as the French monarchy and the Roman Catholic Church. Nowhere is Montesquieu's critique of the despotic ideas of Europe more powerful than in his enormously influential The Spirit of the Laws, and Vickie B. Sullivan guides readers through Montesquieu's sometimes veiled, yet sharply critical accounts of Machiavelli, Hobbes, Aristotle, and Plato, as well as various Christian thinkers. He finds deleterious consequences, for example, in brutal Machiavellianism, in Hobbes's justifications for the rule of one, in Plato's reasoning that denied slaves the right of natural defense, and in the Christian teachings that equated heresy with treason and informed the Inquisition. In this new reading of Montesquieu's masterwork, Sullivan corrects the misconception that it offers simple, objective observations, showing it instead to be a powerful critique of European politics that would become remarkably and regrettably prescient after Montesquieu's death when despotism wound its way through Europe.


Book
Autocratization in post-Cold War Political Regimes
Authors: ---
ISBN: 9783030031251 9783030031244 3030031241 303003125X Year: 2019 Publisher: Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan,

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This book deals with post-Cold War processes of autocratization, that is, regime change towards autocracy. While these processes are growing in number and frequency, autocratization remains a relatively understudied phenomenon, especially its most recent manifestations. In this volume, the authors offer one of the first cross-regional comparative analyses of the recent processes of regime change towards autocracy. Building on an original conceptual framework, the two authors engage in the empirical investigation of the spreading of this political syndrome, of the main forms that it takes, and of the modes through which it unfolds in countries ruled by different political regimes, with different histories and belonging to different regional contexts. The research is conducted through a mix of research techniques that include descriptive statistical analysis, Qualitative Comparative Analysis and case study. This book will be of interest to a heterogeneous readership that encompasses the broader community of scholars, analysts, observers, journalists, and practitioners interested in political development and regime change in different geographical areas. Andrea Cassani is Research Fellow at the Department of Social and Political Sciences of the Università degli Studi di Milano, Italy. His work has been published in journals such as International Political Science Review, Italian Political Science Review, Africa Spectrum, European Journal of Political Research, Contemporary Politics, and European Political Science. Luca Tomini is Chercheur Qualifié FNRS (Research Associate Professor) at the Centre d’Etude de la Vie Politique of the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium. His work has been published in journals such as European Journal of Political Research, Europe-Asia Studies, Comparative European Politics, Journal of Contemporary Central and Eastern Europe. He is the author of the book When Democracies Collapse (2017).

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