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The Flax Genome is a comprehensive compilation of most recent studies focused on reference genome, genetic resources and molecular diversity, breeding, QTL mapping, gene editing tools, functional genomics and metabolomics, molecular breeding via genomic selection, and genomic resources. The flax genome reference sequences and the new genome assemblies are presented. A list of flax QTL and candidate genes associated with more than 35 traits, including yield and agronomic, seed quality and fatty acid composition, fibre quality and yield, abiotic stress, and disease resistance traits, are summarized. A QTL- based genomic selection strategy and genome–editing tools are systematically introduced. In addition, huge amounts of flax genomic resources generated in the last decade are summarized. The book contains 13 chapters with about 390 pages authored by globally reputed researchers in the relevant fields to this crop The book is intended to be useful to students, teachers, and researchers interested in traditional and molecular breeding, pathology, molecular genetics and breeding, bioinformatics and computational biology, and functional genomics.

Botany. --- Genetics. --- Biotechnology. --- Plant Science. --- Genetics and Genomics. --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Biology --- Embryology --- Mendel's law --- Adaptation (Biology) --- Breeding --- Chromosomes --- Heredity --- Mutation (Biology) --- Variation (Biology) --- Botanical science --- Floristic botany --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Natural history --- Plants --- Flax. --- Flax industry. --- Textile industry --- Baltic hemp --- Linum usitatissimum --- Oilseed plants --- Yarn --- Linen

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Today, mainly man-made materials, such as carbon and glass fibers, are used to produce composite parts in aviation. Renewable materials, such as natural fibers or bio-sourced resin systems, have not yet found their way into aviation. The project ECO-COMPASS aims to evaluate the potential applications of ecologically improved composite materials in the aviation sector in an international collaboration of Chinese and European partners. Natural fibers such as flax and ramie will be used for different types of reinforcements and sandwich cores. Furthermore, bio-based epoxy resins to substitute bisphenol-A based epoxy resins in secondary structures are under investigation. Adapted material protection technologies to reduce environmental influence and to improve fire resistance are needed to fulfil the demanding safety requirements in aviation. Modelling and simulation of chosen eco-composites aims for an optimized use of materials while a Life Cycle Assessment aims to prove the ecological advantages compared to synthetic state-of-the-art materials. This Special Issue provides selected papers from the project consortium partners.

physical properties --- n/a --- plant fiber --- fracture toughness --- eco-composite --- functional composites --- flax fibre --- balsa --- bio-composites --- hybrid composite --- interface --- itaconic acid --- sandwich structures --- nonwoven --- flax --- engineering applications --- paper --- carbon nanotubes --- composite --- recycled carbon fibre --- poly-lactic acid --- rosin acid --- aviation sector --- crack sensing --- bio-sourced epoxy --- life cycle assessment --- natural fibre --- electrical properties --- glass fibre --- polymer nanocomposites --- environmental impacts --- multi-scale modeling --- function integrated interleave --- ramie fiber --- bio-based epoxy --- hybrid --- fabric --- sound absorption --- microstructures --- thermosetting resin --- wet-laying --- electrical conductivity --- green composite

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Cloth seals (Numismatics) --- Flax industry --- Hemp industry --- Plant fiber industry --- Textile industry --- Bag seals (Numismatics) --- Bale seals --- Lead bag seals (Numismatics) --- Lead bale seals --- Lead cloth inspection seals --- Lead cloth seals (Numismatics) --- Seals (Numismatics) --- History. --- Russia --- Great Britain --- Russie --- Rossīi︠a︡ --- Rossīĭskai︠a︡ Imperīi︠a︡ --- Russia (Provisional government, 1917) --- Russia (Vremennoe pravitelʹstvo, 1917) --- Russland --- Ṛusastan --- Russia (Tymchasovyĭ uri︠a︡d, 1917) --- Russian Empire --- Rosja --- Russian S.F.S.R. --- Russia (Territory under White armies, 1918-1920) --- Commerce --- History

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Entitled “Natural Fiber-Based Composites”, this Special Issue has the objective to give an inventory of the latest research in the area of composites reinforced with natural fibers. Fibers of renewable origin have many advantages. They are abundant and cheap, they have a reduced impact on the environment, and they are also independent from fossil resources. Their ability to mechanically reinforce thermoplastic matrices is well known, as their natural heat insulation ability. In the last twenty years, the use of cellulosic and lignocellulosic agricultural by-products for composite applications has been of great interest, especially for reinforcing matrices. The matrices can themselves be of renewable origin (e.g., proteins, starch, polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyamides, etc.), thus contributing to the development of 100% bio-based composites with a controlled end of life. This Special Issue’s objective is to give an inventory of the latest research in this area of composites reinforced with natural fibers, focusing in particular on the preparation and molding processes of such materials (e.g., extrusion, injection-molding, hot pressing, etc.) and their characterization. It contains one review and nineteen research reports authored by researchers from four continents and sixteen countries, namely, Brazil, China, France, Italy, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Pakistan, Poland, Qatar, Serbia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Tunisia, and Vietnam. It provides an update on current research in the field of natural fiber based composite materials. All these contributions will be a source of inspiration for the development of new composites, especially for producers of natural fibers, polymer matrices of renewable origin and composite materials. Generally speaking, these new materials are environmentally friendly and will undoubtedly find numerous applications in the years to come in many sectors. Dr. Philippe Evon Guest Editor

biopolymers --- sunflower protein concentrate --- municipal bio-waste --- urea --- slow-release fertilizers --- lime mortar --- mucilaginous plants --- bio-products --- Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) characterization --- cellulosic --- fiber --- flame retardant --- ecofriendly --- cotton --- coating --- exterior wall paints --- stain resistance --- western city --- volatile organic compounds (VOCs) --- cellulose nanofiber --- pretreatment --- lignin --- hemicellulose --- physicochemical properties --- natural-fiber-reinforced polymer composites --- chemical treatments --- natural fibers --- manufacturing techniques --- green composites --- amaranth stem --- bark --- pith --- insulation blocks --- hardboards --- green composite --- nonwoven --- sound absorption --- structure --- profiling --- natural dye --- Himalayan balsam --- invasive plant --- printing --- textile --- paper --- olive stone --- biocomposite --- LCA --- circular economy --- filler --- sericin --- poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) --- cotton fabrics --- electrospinning --- microcapsules --- chitosan --- essential oil --- bio functional material --- chitin nanofiber --- composite particle --- Pickering emulsion polymerization --- polystyrene --- scaled-down --- wastewater treatment --- differential scanning calorimetry --- tensile properties --- proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy --- packaging --- hybrid yarns --- hemp --- PA11 --- woven fabric --- bio-based composite --- mechanical characterisation --- biobased carbon materials --- meso- and microporous carbons --- dye adsorption --- chemical adsorption --- electrostatic interactions --- flax tows --- ultrasound --- gamma treatment --- DVS --- environmental analysis --- mechanical properties --- composite materials --- linseed flax --- straw --- fibre mechanical extraction --- shives --- mean fibre length --- mean fibre diameter --- geotextiles --- antibacterial activity --- kapok fibre --- polycaprolactone --- sound-absorption performance --- fractal dimension --- epoxy --- sustainability --- flame retardancy --- coffee wastes --- biowaste --- n/a

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In recent years, we have assisted the remarkable growth in the use of functional polyesters. This book gathers novel research works dealing with the manufacturing and characterization of polyesters that have been functionalized by synthesis, copolymerization, additives (at micro- and nanoscale), surface modification, among other methodologies, to tailor desired properties in terms of mechanical, chemical, thermal, and barrier properties, biodegradation, and biocompatibility. Thus, Advances in Manufacturing and Characterization of Functional Polyesters will serve to guide a diverse audience of polymer scientists and engineers and provides an update of the “state-of-the-art” knowledge on functional polyesters.

poly(lactic acid), halloysite nanotubes --- mechanical characterization --- morphology --- thermal characterization --- bio-based --- poly(ethyelene terephthalate)—PET --- poly(amide) 1010—PA1010 --- mechanical properties --- compatibilization --- Xibond™ 920 --- PLA --- OLA --- impact modifier --- shape memory --- packaging applications --- isodimorphism --- random copolymers --- crystallization --- nucleation --- growth rate --- bio-PET --- r-PET --- chain extenders --- reactive extrusion --- secondary recycling --- food packaging --- recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) --- rPET --- Calcium terephthalate salts --- high performance nanocomposites --- flax --- green composites --- fiber pretreatment --- almond shell waste --- reinforcing --- polyester-based biocomposites --- physicochemical properties --- disintegration --- biopolymers composites --- MgO nanoparticles --- MgO whiskers --- in vitro degradation --- in vivo degradation --- P(3HB-co-3HHx) --- nHA --- nanocomposites --- bone reconstruction --- biomedical polymers --- hydroxyapatite --- halloysite --- Bayesian reconstruction --- homogeneity --- porous materials --- polyester fibrous materials --- copolyester --- dimensional stability --- flexible optical devices --- uniaxial stretching --- birefringence --- and barrier properties --- n/a --- poly(ethyelene terephthalate)-PET --- poly(amide) 1010-PA1010