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Although the absolute number of poor people in the world has declined significantly in recent decades, poverty reduction continues to be a very important issue. There still are very large numbers of poor people, relative poverty is an increasingly concerning problem, and progress on poverty reduction varies enormously from one part of the world to another. Factors contributing to poverty reduction include economic growth, economic integration, and specific poverty-reduction programs, which are often initiated by Western countries. This book considers poverty reduction from a global perspective. Development and Poverty Reduction looks at a wide range of specific subjects, across all continents. It highlights in particular how the issues are perceived from a non-Western perspective and especially how the rise of China is both having a profound impact on poverty reduction globally and also changing the overall way in which development and poverty reduction are approached.
Poverty. --- Economic development. --- Development, Economic --- Economic growth --- Growth, Economic --- Economic policy --- Economics --- Statics and dynamics (Social sciences) --- Development economics --- Resource curse --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- development --- poverty reduction --- China
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Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) countries in Sub-Saharan Africa have shown strong signs of growth resilience in the aftermath of the recent global crisis. Yet, this paper finds evidence that growth has more than proportionately benefited the top quintile during PRSP implementation. It finds that PRSP implementation has neither reduced poverty headcount nor raised the income share of the poorest quintile in Sub-Saharan Africa. While countries in other regions have been more successful in reducing poverty and increasing the income share of the poor, there is no conclusive evidence that PRSP implementation has played a role in shaping these outcomes.
Economic development -- Africa, Sub-Saharan. --- Income distribution -- Africa, Sub-Saharan. --- Poverty -- Africa, Sub-Saharan. --- Macroeconomics --- Social Services and Welfare --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Social welfare & social services --- Poverty & precarity --- Personal income --- Income inequality --- Poverty --- Poverty reduction --- Poverty reduction strategy --- National accounts --- Income --- Income distribution --- South Sudan, Republic of
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Hong Kong has remained a wealthy financial hub but its income inequality is greater than that in any developed economy. The growing unequal income distribution and poverty in Hong Kong have aroused public concern. This book brings together some of Hong Kong's and the U.K.'s leading experts to examine poverty in Hong Kong from three perspectives: (1) public understanding of poverty, and the extent of poverty and social exclusion in Hong Kong society, (2) poverty and health as well as child poverty and educational opportunities in Hong Kong, and (3) effectiveness of poverty alleviation measures in Hong Kong. On this basis, this book advances the theory and practice of poverty and social exclusion measurement, and will inspire comparative research and policy analyses for better policy initiatives. --
Poverty --- Poor --- Hong Kong (China) --- Economic conditions. --- E-books --- Disadvantaged, Economically --- Economically disadvantaged --- Impoverished people --- Low-income people --- Pauperism --- Poor, The --- Poor people --- Persons --- Social classes --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Subsistence economy --- Economic conditions --- S11/0550 --- S27/0800 --- China: Social sciences--Social welfare system, poverty and poverty reduction, social security --- Hong Kong--Society in general
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Why have so many countries in Africa adopted social protection programmes over the past decade? This text challenges the common assumption that this phenomenon has been entirely driven by international development agencies, instead focusing on the critical role of political dynamics within specific African countries.
Public welfare --- Social security --- Political aspects --- Insurance, Social --- Insurance, State and compulsory --- Social insurance --- Insurance --- Income maintenance programs --- Benevolent institutions --- Poor relief --- Public assistance --- Public charities --- Public relief --- Public welfare reform --- Relief (Aid) --- Social welfare --- Welfare (Public assistance) --- Welfare reform --- Human services --- Social service --- Government policy --- Sustainable Development Goals, social protection, poverty reduction, inequality, welfare, developing countries --- Africa. --- Eastern Hemisphere
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This open access book explores new research directions in social inequality and urban segregation. With the goal of fostering an ongoing dialogue between scholars in Europe and China, it brings together an impressive team of international researchers to shed light on the entwined processes of inequality and segregation, and the implications for urban development. Through a rich collection of empirical studies at the city, regional and national levels, the book explores the impact of migration on cities, the related problems of social and spatial segregation, and the ramifications for policy reform. While the literature on both segregation and inequality has traditionally been dominated by European and North American studies, there is growing interest in these issues in the Chinese context. Economic liberalization, rapid industrial restructuring, the enormous growth of cities, and internal migration, have all reshaped the country profoundly. What have we learned from the European and North American experience of segregation and inequality, and what insights can be gleaned to inform the bourgeoning interest in these issues in the Chinese context? How is China different, both in terms of the nature and the consequences of segregation inequality, and what are the implications for future research and policy? Given the continued rise of China’s significance in the world, and its recent declaration of war on poverty, this book offers a timely contribution to scholarship, identifying the core insights to be learned from existing research, and providing important guidance on future directions for policy makers and researchers.
Urban & municipal planning --- Social issues & processes --- Sociology --- Urban economics --- Regional geography --- Human geography --- Segregation in China --- Inequality in Europe --- Urban Migration --- Poverty Reduction in China --- Comparing Segregation --- Urban Development --- Housing Inequality --- Segregated Neighborhoods --- Integration in Chinese Cities --- Integration in European Cities --- Open Access
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There are many problems regarding poverty, inequality and growth in developing countries in Asia and Africa. Policy makers at the national level and at international institutions such as the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund and others have implemented various policies in order to decrease poverty and inequality. This book provides empirical observations on Asian countries and Africa. Each chapter provides theoretical and empirical analysis on regional case studies with an emphasis on policy implications. The book will be of use to many who wish to assess and improve poli
Poverty --- Equality --- Urbanization --- Developing countries --- Economic conditions --- Egalitarianism --- Inequality --- Social equality --- Social inequality --- Political science --- Sociology --- Democracy --- Liberty --- Emerging nations --- Fourth World --- Global South --- LDC's --- Least developed countries --- Less developed countries --- Newly industrialized countries --- Newly industrializing countries --- NICs (Newly industrialized countries) --- Third World --- Underdeveloped areas --- Underdeveloped countries --- Agricultural economics --- Developing economies --- Development economics --- Income inequality --- Poverty reduction --- Public policies
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This paper examines the Islamic Republic of Mauritania’s adoption of its third Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper (PRSP) action plan, covering the medium term (2011–2015). Poverty reduction as the ultimate objective of all of the country’s economic social and institutional development policies has informed the context in which the third action plan is being implemented. The safe drinking water supply rate reached 52 percent nationally. In urban areas, the rate of access to private water main connections was 35 percent although it varied significantly from town to town. During the first year of implementation of the PRSP III, significant progress was made with actions targeting good governance and capacity-building in all areas of governance.
Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Poverty --- Mauritania --- Economic conditions. --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Social Services and Welfare --- Agriculture & Food Policy --- Demography --- Education: General --- Demographic Economics: General --- Health: General --- Agricultural Policy --- Food Policy --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Education --- Population & demography --- Health economics --- Poverty & precarity --- Social welfare & social services --- Population and demographics --- Health --- Food security --- Poverty reduction strategy --- Population --- Mauritania, Islamic Republic of
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This paper discusses Second National Poverty Reduction Strategy II (NPRS-II) (2012–2016) for Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe. A comparison of the results of the 2000 and 2010 poverty profile, based on the average income method, shows that there was progress in reducing poverty, albeit far less than expected. The ratio of the incidence of poverty decreased from 53.8 percent in 2000 to 49.6 percent in 2010, representing a reduction of 4.2 percentage points, which is far below the target set in the NPRS-I for 2010, and also shows relative improvement in the depth of poverty.
Business & Economics --- Economic History --- Poverty --- Prevention. --- Destitution --- Wealth --- Basic needs --- Begging --- Poor --- Subsistence economy --- Prevention --- E-books --- Social Services and Welfare --- Demography --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Education: General --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Demographic Economics: General --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Health: General --- Education --- Poverty & precarity --- Population & demography --- Social welfare & social services --- Health economics --- Population and demographics --- Poverty reduction strategy --- Health --- Population --- São Tomé and Príncipe, Democratic Republic of
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Knowledge, democracy and action: Community-university research partnerships in global perspectives is based on a three-year international comparative study undertaken by the Global Alliance on Community Based Research and supported by the UNESCO Chair in Community Based Research and Social Responsibility in Higher Education. It provides evidence from twenty case studies around the world on the power and potential of community and higher education based scholars and activists working together in the co-creation of transformative knowledge. The book draws on the experience and insights of thirty-seven scholars and practitioners from the Global South and North. Opening with a theoretical overview of knowledge, democracy and action, the book is followed by analytical chapters providing lessons learned and capacity building in the north and the south, on the theory and practice of community university research partnerships, models of evaluation, approaches to measuring the impact and an agenda for future research and policy recommendations.
Community and college. --- Research --- Community development. --- Education, Higher --- Community and college --- Community development --- College students --- Higher education --- Postsecondary education --- Universities and colleges --- Science --- Science research --- Scientific research --- Information services --- Learning and scholarship --- Methodology --- Research teams --- College and community --- Town and gown --- University and community --- University towns --- Regional development --- Economic assistance, Domestic --- Social planning --- Citizen participation. --- Social aspects. --- Citizen participation --- Social aspects --- Education --- Government policy --- Millennium Development Goals. --- action. --- capacity building. --- civil society research organizations. --- cognitive justice. --- community power. --- community-university research partnerships. --- engaged scholarship. --- knowledge democracy framework. --- open access movement. --- poverty reduction. --- sustainability strategies. --- transformative knowledge.
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The paper suggests an operationally usable framework for the evaluation of growth inclusiveness—the inclusive growth framework (IGF). Based on the data on growth, poverty, and inequality, the framework allows for the quantitative assessment of growth inclusiveness. The assessment relies on the decomposition of the change in poverty into growth, distribution, and decile effects, which can be calculated using the Distributive Analysis Stata Package (DASP). Availability of at least two household surveys is the main precondition for the use of the IGF. The application of the IGF is illustrated with two country cases of Senegal and Djibouti.
Cities and towns --- Growth, Urban --- Sprawl, Urban --- Urban development --- Urban growth --- Urban sprawl --- Migration, Internal --- Population --- Vital statistics --- Growth. --- Macroeconomics --- Social Services and Welfare --- Poverty and Homelessness --- Intertemporal Choice and Growth: General --- Aggregate Factor Income Distribution --- Measurement and Analysis of Poverty --- Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General --- Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions --- Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General --- Government Policy --- Provision and Effects of Welfare Program --- Poverty & precarity --- Economic growth --- Social welfare & social services --- Poverty --- Income inequality --- Personal income --- Inclusive growth --- Poverty reduction --- National accounts --- Income distribution --- Income --- Economic development --- Senegal
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