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Negation: A Notion in Focus (Perspectives in Analytical Philosophy, Bd 7)
Negation (Logic) --- Négation (Logique) --- Négation (Logique) --- Congresses. --- Congrès --- Negative propositions --- Congresses --- Judgment (Logic) --- Impersonal judgment --- Logic --- Reasoning
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Cet ouvrage s'intéresse à la question de la concordance des temps dans des discours qui, par delà leur diversité typologique (discours grammatical, historiographique ou littéraire), ont en commun de porter sur une matière dont les rapports au temps donnent lieu à des agencements assez souvent discordants. Quelles sont ces « discordances » ? Que signifient-elles ? Est-il possible de les théoriser et de quelle façon? Ce volume interdisciplinaire réunit des contributions de chercheurs en linguistique et en littérature hispaniques venus de différentes universités françaises et étrangères. Il est issu d'un colloque tenu en mai 2008 dans les murs du Colegio de España et organisé conjointement par le Séminaire d'Études Médiévales Hispaniques de Paris Sorbonne (CLEA, EA 4083), le Séminaire Interdisciplinaire de Recherches sur l'Espagne Médiévale (GDR 2378, CNRS) et le Groupe d'Études et de Recherches en Linguistique Hispanique de la Sorbonne nouvelle - Paris 3 (EA 170). The relation to time is an essential structural element of speech. In this volume, French and Spanish specialists are addressing speeches that, beyond their typological diversity – going from grammatical speech to literary or historiographical discourse – share a common matter. The relations to times give rise to quite often discrepant arrangements. What are those «discrepancies»? What do they mean? Is it possible to theorize them and in what way? These questions - and those they imply in return - are at the core of the works presented here.
Spanish language --- Spanish literature --- Grammar --- Espagnol (Langue) --- Tense --- Temporal constructions --- Temps --- Propositions temporelles --- History --- Spanish language and literature --- Linguistics --- Castilian language --- Romance languages
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Representing a new generation of theorists reaffirming the radical dimensions of art, Gail Day launches a bold critique of late twentieth-century art theory and its often reductive analysis of cultural objects. Exploring core debates in discourses on art, from the New Left to theories of "critical postmodernism" and beyond, Day counters the belief that recent tendencies in art fail to be adequately critical. She also challenges the political inertia that results from these conclusions. Day organizes her defense around critics who have engaged substantively with emancipatory thought and social process: T. J. Clark, Manfredo Tafuri, Fredric Jameson, Benjamin H. D. Buchloh, and Hal Foster, among others. She maps the tension between radical dialectics and left nihilism and assesses the interpretation and internalization of negation in art theory. Chapters confront the claim that exchange and equivalence have subsumed the use value of cultural objects and with it critical distance and interrogate the proposition of completed nihilism and the metropolis put forward in the politics of Italian operaismo. Day covers the debates on symbol and allegory waged within the context of 1980's art and their relation to the writings of Walter Benjamin and Paul de Man. She also examines common conceptions of mediation, totality, negation, and the politics of anticipation. A necessary unsettling of received wisdoms, Dialectical Passions recasts emancipatory reflection in aesthetics, art, and architecture.
Art --- Philosophy --- anno 1900-1999 --- anno 2000-2099 --- Negation (Logic) --- Negative propositions --- Art, Modern --- Modern art --- Philosophy. --- Judgment (Logic) --- Nieuwe Ploeg (Group of artists)
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This work examines the diachronic development of negation in Low German, from Old Saxon to Middle Low German. It is the first substantial diachronic analysis of these changes and looks at both the development of standard negation and the changing interaction between the expression of negation and indefinites in its scope.
Low German language --- Grammar, Comparative and general --- Negation (Logic) --- Negative propositions --- Judgment (Logic) --- Negatives (Grammar) --- Low Saxon language --- Plattdeutsch --- Plautdietsch --- Germanic languages --- Grammar. --- Negatives. --- Linguistics --- Philology
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Giving Voters a Voice studies the origins of direct legislation, one of the most important political reforms enacted during the Progressive Era. Steven L. Piott begins with the source of the idea in the United States and proceeds to the earliest efforts aimed at generating a national movement to expand the parameters of popular democracy in the 1890s. He then broadens his examination to include the unique ways in which twenty-two states came to enact legislation allowing for the statewide initiative and referendum between 1898 and 1918. The book's appendix offers the only comprehensive listing of all the ballot propositions and vote totals for the period. Most historians of the Progressive Era have concluded that narrow self-interest prevented labor, farmers, and the middle class from working together to achieve important reforms. Giving Voters a Voice demonstrates that middle-class reformers, trade unionists, and farm organizers formed loose political coalitions and directed grass-roots campaigns to gain passage of initiative and referendum statutes because direct legislation offered the best means to correct political, economic, and social abuses. But there was more than just a shared sense of common interest that brought these seemingly oppositional groups together. What really made them willing to speak, lobby, and work together was quite simply the frustration felt by voters who sensed that they had become economically dependent and politically powerless. Each state in which proponents conducted an active campaign to win adoption of direct legislation is studied in detail. The book analyzes the crucial roles played by individuals who led the movement to empower voters by enabling them to enact or veto legislation directly, and reveals the arguments, the stumbling blocks, and political compromises that are often slighted in generalized overviews. Each state possessed its own political dynamic. Giving Voters a Voice offers the reader a richness of detail and a completeness of coverage not found elsewhere.
Referendum --- Ballot initiatives --- Ballot measures --- Initiative and referendum --- Initiatives, Ballot --- Propositions (Referendum) --- Referenda --- Referendums --- Democracy --- Elections --- Representative government and representation --- Direct democracy --- Plebiscite --- History.
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Do small but wealthy interest groups influence referendums, ballot initiatives, and other forms of direct legislation at the expense of the broader public interest? Many observers argue that they do, often lamenting that direct legislation has, paradoxically, been captured by the very same wealthy interests whose power it was designed to curb. Elisabeth Gerber, however, challenges that argument. In this first systematic study of how money and interest group power actually affect direct legislation, she reveals that big spending does not necessarily mean big influence. Gerber bases her findings on extensive surveys of the activities and motivations of interest groups and on close examination of campaign finance records from 168 direct legislation campaigns in eight states. Her research confirms what such wealthy interests as the insurance industry, trial lawyer associations, and tobacco companies have learned by defeats at the ballot box: if citizens do not like a proposed new law, even an expensive, high-profile campaign will not make them change their mind. She demonstrates, however, that these economic interest groups have considerable success in using direct legislation to block initiatives that others are proposing and to exert pressure on politicians. By contrast, citizen interest groups with broad-based support and significant organizational resources have proven to be extremely effective in using direct legislation to pass new laws. Clearly written and argued, this is a major theoretical and empirical contribution to our understanding of the role of citizens and organized interests in the American legislative process.
Pressure groups --- Referendum --- Ballot initiatives --- Ballot measures --- Initiative and referendum --- Initiatives, Ballot --- Propositions (Referendum) --- Referenda --- Referendums --- Democracy --- Elections --- Representative government and representation --- Direct democracy --- Plebiscite
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Referendum --- Direct democracy --- Direct legislation --- Democracy --- Ballot initiatives --- Ballot measures --- Initiative and referendum --- Initiatives, Ballot --- Propositions (Referendum) --- Referenda --- Referendums --- Elections --- Representative government and representation --- Plebiscite
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A mood of anger with the political system has been stirring across Canada; yet rather than turning away from the system, many Canadians are actually seeking a greater say in matters that affect them. they want to become more effective participants in the political process. In this timely book, Patrick Boyer examines the important role that direct democracy -- through the occasional use of referendums, plebscites, and inniatives -- can play in concert with our existing institutions of representative democracy. This concept is not alien to our country, says Boyer, pointing to th
Referendum --- Ballot initiatives --- Ballot measures --- Initiative and referendum --- Initiatives, Ballot --- Propositions (Referendum) --- Referenda --- Referendums --- Democracy --- Elections --- Representative government and representation --- Direct democracy --- Plebiscite
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The initiative is the product of the populist movement, which in the late nineteenth century sought to increase voter control of what were viewed as unrepresentative state and local governments. Today, twenty-four states allow registered voters to place proposed state laws on the referendum ballot, and eighteen states authorize voters to place proposed state constitutional amendments on the referendum ballot by collecting a specified number of valid voter signatures. Numerous local governments have a charter provision or a state law provision allowing voters to employ the popular lawmaking device. In The Initiative, Second Edition, Joseph F. Zimmerman traces the origin and spread of the initiative in the United States. The initiative has been a controversial device since first being introduced in South Dakota in 1898, with arguments both in support and in opposition. Zimmerman examines and evaluates both the legal foundation of the initiative, and the arguments against its use. He then concludes with a chapter that develops model constitutional, statutory, and local government charter provisions to assist jurisdictions and their voters contemplating adoption of the initiative or amendment of already existing constitutional, statutory, and charter initiative provisions.
Referendum --- Ballot initiatives --- Ballot measures --- Initiative and referendum --- Initiatives, Ballot --- Propositions (Referendum) --- Referenda --- Referendums --- Democracy --- Elections --- Representative government and representation --- Direct democracy --- Plebiscite
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This book gives an analysis of relative clauses as they evolve throughout the history of (Mainland) Scandinavian, from Ancient Nordic to Early Modern Norwegian.
Early childhood education. --- Education --- Scandinavian languages --- Langues scandinaves --- Clauses --- Propositions --- Ancient Nordic. --- Diachronic Syntax in General. --- Early Germanic Syntax. --- Early Modern Norwegian.
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