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Ceremonial exchange --- Gifts --- Exchange --- Don --- Comportement d'aide --- Anthropologie économique --- Cadeaux --- Sociology of culture --- Altruism --- Welfare state --- Altruisme --- Etat providence

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Drop something in front of a two-year-old, and she's likely to pick it up for you. This is not a learned behavior, psychologist Michael Tomasello argues. Through observations of young children in experiments he himself has designed, Tomasello shows that children are naturally--and uniquely--cooperative. Put through similar experiments, for example, apes demonstrate the ability to work together and share, but choose not to. As children grow, their almost reflexive desire to help--without expectation of reward--becomes shaped by culture. They become more aware of being a member of a group. Groups convey mutual expectations, and thus may either encourage or discourage altruism and collaboration. Either way, cooperation emerges as a distinctly human combination of innate and learned behavior.In Why We Cooperate, Tomasello's studies of young children and great apes help identify the underlying psychological processes that very likely supported humans' earliest forms of complex collaboration and, ultimately, our unique forms of cultural organization, from the evolution of tolerance and trust to the creation of such group-level structures as cultural norms and institutions.Scholars Carol Dweck, Joan Silk, Brian Skyrms, and Elizabeth Spelke respond to Tomasello's findings and explore the implications

Helping behavior. --- Altruism --- Cooperativeness --- Social norms --- Altruism. --- Cooperativeness. --- Social norms. --- Social psychology --- Helping behavior --- Comportement d'aide --- Altruisme --- Coopération (Psychologie) --- Normes sociales --- Sociale psychologie --- Folkways --- Norms, Social --- Rules, Social --- Social rules --- Manners and customs --- Social control --- Behavior, Helping --- Human behavior --- Interpersonal relations --- Caring --- Cooperation (Psychology) --- Altruistic behavior --- Unselfishness --- Conduct of life

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Can virtuous behavior be explained by nature, and not by human rational choice? "It's the animal in us," we often hear when we've been bad. But why not when we're good? Primates and Philosophers tackles this question by exploring the biological foundations of one of humanity's most valued traits: morality. In this provocative book, renowned primatologist Frans de Waal argues that modern-day evolutionary biology takes far too dim a view of the natural world, emphasizing our "selfish" genes and reinforcing our habit of labeling ethical behavior as humane and the less civilized as animalistic. Seeking the origin of human morality not in evolution but in human culture, science insists that we are moral by choice, not by nature. Citing remarkable evidence based on his extensive research of primate behavior, de Waal attacks "Veneer Theory," which posits morality as a thin overlay on an otherwise nasty nature. He explains how we evolved from a long line of animals that care for the weak and build cooperation with reciprocal transactions. Drawing on Darwin, recent scientific advances, and his extensive research of primate behavior, de Waal demonstrates a strong continuity between human and animal behavior. He probes issues such as anthropomorphism and human responsibilities toward animals. His compelling account of how human morality evolved out of mammalian society will fascinate anyone who has ever wondered about the origins and reach of human goodness. Based on the Tanner Lectures de Waal delivered at Princeton University's Center for Human Values in 2004, Primates and Philosophers includes responses by the philosophers Peter Singer, Christine M. Korsgaard, and Philip Kitcher and the science writer Robert Wright. They press de Waal to clarify the differences between humans and other animals, yielding a lively debate that will fascinate all those who wonder about the origins and reach of human goodness.

Altruistic behavior in animals. --- Morale évolutive --- Altruisme chez les animaux --- Morale évolutive --- Altruistic behavior in animals --- Ethics, Evolutionary --- Primates --- Helping behavior in animals --- Altruism --- Animal behavior --- Ethics, Naturalistic --- Evolutionary ethics --- Naturalistic ethics --- Ethics --- Ethical relativism --- Behavior --- General ethics --- Ethics, Evolutionary. --- Behavior. --- Moeurs et comportement

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Sociale agogiek --- planning en beleid. --- samenleving --- Sociological theories --- politicologie --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- democratie --- Burger en politiek --- Burgerschap --- burgerzin --- maatschappij --- burgers --- 172.12 --- 330.162 --- 316.324.8 --- Academic collection --- #SBIB:041.IOS --- #SBIB:321H30 --- #SBIB:17H3 --- #SBIB:17H20 --- 321.7 --- 200 Politiek --- burgerschap --- politiek --- politieke filosofie --- 330.6 --- globalisering --- multiculturele samenleving --- participatie, maatschappelijke --- sociaal bewustzijn --- 316.324.8 Post-industriele maatschappij --- Post-industriele maatschappij --- 330.162 Altruisme. Gemeenschapszin. Solidariteit. Voorzorg --- Altruisme. Gemeenschapszin. Solidariteit. Voorzorg --- 172.12 Burgerzin. Plichten van de staatsburger. Burgerplichten --- Burgerzin. Plichten van de staatsburger. Burgerplichten --- Hedendaagse politieke en sociale theorieën (vanaf de 19de eeuw): algemeen (incl. utilitarisme, burgerschap) --- Politieke wijsbegeerte --- Sociale wijsbegeerte: algemeen --- filosofie en ethiek van de politiek --- 32 --- 327 --- 325 --- 301.17 --- 301.18 --- Politiek --- Cultuur --- Democratie --- Binnenlandse politiek --- Politicologie --- Sociologie --- Cultuursociologie --- Toerisme --- Media --- Maatschappij --- Film --- Erfelijkheidsleer --- Stadssamenleving --- Verpleegkunde

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Wanneer zijn we bereid om anderen in noodsituaties te helpen, en wanneer niet? Presteren we beter of slechter in het bijzijn van anderen? In welke mate laten we ons leiden door de mening of de bevelen van anderen? Welke factoren bepalen mee of mensen zich agressief tegenover elkaar gedragen? Hoe vormen we een zelfbeeld of een indruk over anderen? En zijn we au fond allemaal machtswellustelingen? Macht, meningen en na-apers wil laten zien hoe sociaal psychologen nadenken over deze (en andere) vragen. Ambitieuzer gesteld is het doel lezers zelf te leren denken als een sociaal psycholoog. Het boek geeft een inkijk in een manier van denken en onderzoeken die uitermate boeiende inzichten oplevert in hoe mensen zich gedragen. Het neemt de lezer op een toegankelijke manier mee op een verkenningstocht door een discipline die de laatste jaren in het oog van de storm van de wetenschapskritiek stond(bron: http://zoeken.bibliotheek.be/detail/Vera-Hoorens/Macht-meningen-en-na-apers-thema%27s-uit-de/Boek/?itemid=%7Clibrary%2Fmarc%2Fvlacc%7C9914008)

Sociale Psychologie. --- Social psychology --- 316.6 --- Sociale psychologie --- sociaal gedrag --- #KVHB:Sociale psychologie --- Psychology --- 316.6 Gedragstheorie. Sociaal gedrag. Sociale psychologie --(gedrag en zelfconcept van het individu in de groep z.o. {159.923.33}) --- Gedragstheorie. Sociaal gedrag. Sociale psychologie --(gedrag en zelfconcept van het individu in de groep z.o. {159.923.33}) --- Factors, Psychological --- Psychological Factors --- Psychological Side Effects --- Psychologists --- Psychosocial Factors --- Side Effects, Psychological --- Factor, Psychological --- Factor, Psychosocial --- Factors, Psychosocial --- Psychological Factor --- Psychological Side Effect --- Psychologist --- Psychosocial Factor --- Side Effect, Psychological --- 301.15 --- Attitudes --- Gedrag --- Agressie --- Altruïsme --- 159.9:3 --- 159.9:3 Sociale psychologie --- Attitude