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L’ouvrage étudie grâce aux outils de la linguistique contemporaine les citations classiques présentes dans la Cité de Dieu, principalement celles de Cicéron, Salluste, Varron et Virgile, et entend montrer qu’elles participent activement à l’élaboration de la pensée. Divisée en trois temps, comme autant de rapports d’Augustin à ces textes, l’étude s’attache d’abord aux modalités d’apparition des citations, notion définie comme « coprésence de deux énoncés ». La seconde partie examine la polyphonie créée dans l’œuvre par ces voix secondes, analysées en relation étroite avec leur contexte d’accueil et de réception. Il apparaît enfin que cette « poétique de l’altérité », loin de favoriser la digression, contribue à l’élaboration d’un discours dont l’ordre garantit la vérité, et se trouve donc au cœur du dessein apologétique de l’œuvre. Ainsi nourri d’un dialogue intériorisé et théâtralisé, le texte augustinien tire profit des ambigüités de ces textes pour conclure, partiellement du moins, à l’aporie de la philosophie païenne. L’étude comporte en annexe un relevé des citations classiques dans la Cité de Dieu, insérées dans leur contexte et pourvues d’annotations philologiques.
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«Le due città non sono riconoscibili in questo fluire dei tempi e sono fra di loro commischiate, fino a che non siano separate dall’ultimo giudizio». Con queste parole Agostino consegna alla cultura occidentale la prima proposta, da un punto di vista cristiano, di una visione organica della storia nella quale bene e male – la città di Dio e la città terrena – sono da sempre presenti e profondamente legati. È alla luce della rivelazione trinitaria che sarà possibile rileggere la storia in un’ottica pienamente positiva in cui dall’esperienza del male vinto emergerà l’Amore, lo stesso che unisce il Padre, il Figlio e lo Spirito Santo. Nel periodo delle invasioni barbariche che sconvolsero l’Impero Romano, le riflessioni dell’Ipponate gettano le basi per costruire una nuova epoca e forniscono una prospettiva epistemologica che diverrà il fondamento di gran parte del pensiero filosofico e teologico. Dal Medioevo al Rinascimento, fino alle incertezze tipiche della contemporaneità indecisa fra postmoderno e dopomoderno: l’eredità di Agostino attraversa i secoli – un’eredità qui esemplificata attraverso Scoto Eriugena, Guglielmo di Saint-Thierry, il Cinquecento spagnolo, Fichte, Rosmini, Scheler, Sciacca, Ricoeur, Chrétien, Marrou e Marion – e offre spunti sempre attuali per riflettere sul rapporto tra Dio e il mondo, tra eternità e tempo.
Augustine, --- Influence.
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This Cambridge Companion serves as an authoritative guide to Augustine's Confessions - a literary classic and one of the most important theological/philosophical works of Late Antiquity. Bringing together new essays by leading scholars, the volume first examines the composition of the text, including its structure, genre, and intended audience. Subsequent essays explore a range of themes and concepts, such as God, creation, sin, grace, happiness, and interiority, among others. The final section of the Companion deals with its historical relevance. It provides sample essays on the reception history of the Confessions. These essays demonstrate how each generation reads the Confessions in light of current questions and circumstances, and how the text continues to remain relevant and raise new questions.
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Since Aristotle, the concept of the magnanimous or great-souled man was employed by philosophers of antiquity to describe individuals who attained the highest degree of virtue. Greatness of soul (magnitudo animi or magnanimitas) was part of the language of Classical and Hellenistic virtue theory central to the education of Ambrose and Augustine. Yet as bishops they were conscious of fundamental differences between Christian and pagan visions of virtue. Greatness of soul could not be appropriated whole cloth. Instead, the great-souled man had to be baptized to conform with Christian understandings of righteousness, compassion, and humility. In this book, J. Warren Smith traces the development of the ideal of the great-souled man from Plato and Aristotle to latter adaptions by Cicero, Seneca, and Plutarch. He then examines how Ambrose's and Augustine's theological commitments influenced their different critiques, appropriations, and modifications of the language of magnanimity.
Magnanimity. --- Ambrose, --- Augustine,
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