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Poverty

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Poverty

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Poverty.

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Les politiques de lutte contre la pauvreté sont devenues lutte contre l'exclusion. Derrière ce glissement sémantique, une volonté : prendre en compte non seulement la pauvreté conçue comme une absence ou une faiblesse de revenus, niais aussi l'isolement, le besoin, ou encore la ségrégation. Cet ouvrage explique ce que signifie raisonner et agir en termes d'exclusion. Il décrit et évalue les politiques publiques de lutte contre l'exclusion mises en place aujourd'hui, en insistant sur les SDF et sur les travailleurs pauvres. Enfin, il invite à des politiques sociales plus rationnelles.

Poverty

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Poverty is an urgent form of deprivation, which is very often associated with a lack of the resources needed to satisfy basic human needs. More recently, this urgent deprivation has been identified as having an interpersonal relational component, namely the inferior social position of a poor person within society. This can manifest itself in different ways; one common way is poor people losing valuable social relations or being trapped in harmful social interactions. This affects the lives of the poor and raises normative and empirical questions that require fine-grained analysis. This thesis contributes to this debate by proposing a relational egalitarian account of justice in poverty studies, and by suggesting practical solutions. It responds to the question of what, if it is possible, is the proper way to place the poor in a better social and political position regarding their recognition as full citizens. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, I provide a theoretical analysis of the understanding of poverty, by developing the social-relational component. This offers key tools for identifying what is wrong with poverty, and both addresses how poverty can be identified theoretically in a metric of justice, and how it can be measured in practical terms. Following this diagnosis, I propose criteria and thresholds to identify who is poor based on the capability approach. In the second part, I put forward an applied proposal by mapping and evaluating pre-existing anti-poverty programmes. Finally, I suggest that cash-transfer policies should be complemented with local governance by adopting a deliberative strategy coupled with storytelling devices. This is a way to give the poor an active role in the decision-making processes that shape their environment, creating public opportunities for valuable socialisation.

Poverty