Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Written for non-experts, this volume introduces the mechanisms that underlie reticulate evolution. Chapters are either accompanied with glossaries that explain new terminology or timelines that position pioneering scholars and their major discoveries in their historical contexts. The contributing authors outline the history and original context of discovery of symbiosis, symbiogenesis, lateral gene transfer, hybridization or divergence with gene flow, and infectious heredity. By applying key insights from the areas of molecular (phylo)genetics, microbiology, virology, ecology, systematics, immunology, epidemiology and computational science, they demonstrate how reticulate evolution impacts successful survival, fitness and speciation. Reticulate evolution brings forth a challenge to the standard Neo-Darwinian framework, which defines life as the outcome of bifurcation and ramification patterns brought forth by the vertical mechanism of natural selection. Reticulate evolution puts forward a pattern in the tree of life that is characterized by horizontal mergings and lineage crossings induced by symbiosis, symbiogenesis, lateral gene transfer, hybridization or divergence with gene flow, and infective heredity, making the “tree of life” look more like a “web of life.” On an epistemological level, the various means by which hereditary material can be transferred horizontally challenges our classic notions of units and levels of evolution, fitness, modes of transmission, linearity, communities, and biological individuality.   The case studies presented examine topics including the origin of the eukaryotic cell and its organelles through symbiogenesis; the origin of algae through primary and secondary symbiosis and dinoflagellates through tertiary symbiosis; the superorganism and holobiont as units of evolution; how endosymbiosis induces speciation in multicellular life forms; transferrable and non-transferrable plasmids and how they symbiotically interact with their host; the means by which pro- and eukaryotic organisms transfer genes laterally (bacterial transformation, transduction and conjugation as well as transposons and other mobile genetic elements); hybridization and divergence with gene flow in sexually-reproducing individuals; current (human) microbiome and viriome studies that impact our knowledge concerning the evolution of organismal health and acquired immunity; and how symbiosis and symbiogenesis can be modelled in computational evolution.

Life Sciences. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Biodiversity. --- Gene Function. --- Philosophy of Biology. --- Life sciences. --- Medical genetics. --- Biology --- Evolution (Biology). --- Sciences de la vie --- Génétique médicale --- Biologie --- Biodiversité --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Philosophy. --- Philosophie --- Endosymbiosis. --- Symbiogenesis. --- Symbiosis. --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Ecology --- Evolution --- Consortism --- Endosymbiotic relationships --- Evolutionary biology. --- Symbiosis --- Evolution (Biology) --- Symbiogenesis --- Biology-Philosophy. --- Clinical genetics --- Diseases --- Heredity of disease --- Human genetics --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Genetic disorders --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Genetic aspects --- Biology—Philosophy. --- Medical Genetics. --- Vitalism

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book is divided in two parts, the first of which shows how, beyond paleontology and systematics, macroevolutionary theories apply key insights from ecology and biogeography, developmental biology, biophysics, molecular phylogenetics, and even the sociocultural sciences to explain evolution in deep time. In the second part, the phenomenon of macroevolution is examined with the help of real life-history case studies on the evolution of eukaryotic sex, the formation of anatomical form and body-plans, extinction and speciation events of marine invertebrates, hominin evolution and species conservation ethics. The book brings together leading experts, who explain pivotal concepts such as Punctuated Equilibria, Stasis, Developmental Constraints, Adaptive Radiations, Habitat Tracking, Turnovers, (Mass) Extinctions, Species Sorting, Major Transitions, Trends, and Hierarchies – key premises that allow macroevolutionary epistemic frameworks to transcend microevolutionary theories that focus on genetic variation, selection, migration and fitness. Along the way, the contributing authors review ongoing debates and current scientific challenges; detail new and fascinating scientific tools and techniques that allow us to cross the classic borders between disciplines; demonstrate how their theories make it possible to extend the Modern Synthesis; present guidelines on how the macroevolutionary field could be further developed; and provide a rich view of just how it was that life evolved across time and space. In short, this book is a must-read for active scholars and, because the technical aspects are fully explained, it is also accessible for non-specialists.   Understanding evolution requires a solid grasp of above-population phenomena. Species are real biological individuals, and abiotic factors impact the future course of evolution. Beyond observation, when the explanation of macroevolution is the goal, we need both evidence and theory that enable us to explain and interpret how life evolves at the grand scale.

Life Sciences. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Biodiversity. --- Paleontology. --- Philosophy of Biology. --- Life sciences. --- Biology --- Evolution (Biology). --- Sciences de la vie --- Biologie --- Paléontologie --- Biodiversité --- Evolution (Biologie) --- Philosophy. --- Philosophie --- Biology_xPhilosophy. --- Biological Processes --- Ecosystem --- Genetic Processes --- Environment --- Biological Phenomena --- Genetic Phenomena --- Ecological and Environmental Phenomena --- Environment and Public Health --- Phenomena and Processes --- Health Care --- Adaptation, Biological --- Biodiversity --- Biological Evolution --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Evolution --- Macroevolution. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Evolution (Biology) --- Paleontology . --- Biology-Philosophy. --- Fossilogy --- Fossilology --- Palaeontology --- Paleontology, Zoological --- Paleozoology --- Historical geology --- Zoology --- Fossils --- Prehistoric animals in motion pictures --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Biology—Philosophy. --- Vitalism

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Philosophy, Renaissance. --- Philosophy, Modern --- Renaissance philosophy --- Pomponazzi, Pietro, --- Pomponatius, Petrus, --- Pomponat︠s︡t︠s︡i, Pʹetro,

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

For the first time in history, scholars working on language and culture from within an evolutionary epistemological framework, and thereby emphasizing complementary or deviating theories of the Modern Synthesis, were brought together. Of course there have been excellent conferences on Evolutionary Epistemology in the past, as well as numerous conferences on the topics of Language and Culture. However, until now these disciplines had not been brought together into one all-encompassing conference. Moreover, previously there never had been such stress on alternative and complementary theories of the Modern Synthesis. Today we know that natural selection and evolution are far from synonymous and that they do not explain isomorphic phenomena in the world. ‘Taking Darwin seriously’ is the way to go, but today the time has come to take alternative and complementary theories that developed after the Modern Synthesis, equally seriously, and, furthermore, to examine how language and culture can merit from these diverse disciplines. As this volume will make clear, a specific inter- and transdisciplinary approach is one of the next crucial steps that needs to be taken, if we ever want to unravel the secrets of phenomena such as language and culture.

Knowledge, Theory of --- Knowledge, Sociology of --- Biology --- Philosophy and science --- Language and languages --- Social evolution --- System theory --- Théorie de la connaissance --- Sociologie de la connaissance --- Biologie --- Philosophie et science --- Langage et langues --- Evolution sociale --- Théorie des systèmes --- Congresses --- Philosophy --- Origin --- Congrès --- Philosophie --- Origines --- Evolution. --- Evolution (Biology). --- Knowledge, Theory of. --- Language and languages. --- Philosophy and science. --- Philosophy. --- Science. --- Social evolution. --- System theory. --- Evolution --- Speculative Philosophy --- Philosophy & Religion --- Théorie de la connaissance --- Théorie des systèmes --- Congrès --- EPUB-LIV-FT LIVPHILO SPRINGER-B --- Epistemology. --- Evolutionary biology. --- Linguistics. --- Anthropology. --- Philosophy, general. --- Philosophy of Science. --- Evolutionary Biology. --- Linguistics, general. --- Knowledge [Theory of ] --- Reasoning --- Linguistics --- History --- Culture --- Genetic epistemology. --- Philosophy (General). --- Science --- Human beings --- Developmental psychology --- Animal evolution --- Animals --- Biological evolution --- Darwinism --- Evolutionary biology --- Evolutionary science --- Origin of species --- Biological fitness --- Homoplasy --- Natural selection --- Phylogeny --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Linguistic science --- Science of language --- Science and philosophy --- Mental philosophy --- Humanities --- Epistemology --- Theory of knowledge --- Psychology --- Congresses. --- Evolutionary epistemology --- Language --- EELC --- Primitive societies --- Social sciences

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Cet ouvrage est issu du 6e colloque international organisé à Paris au mois d'octobre 2013 par l'Association des Départements Carrières Sociales de France (ADCS) pour le compte du Réseau International de l'Animation (RIA). A l'occasion de ce colloque, plus de 200 participants, chercheurs et praticiens, de 21 nationalités et territoires différents, ont pu témoigner de leurs travaux et pratiques, confronter leurs observations et analyses, échanger autour des problématiques interrogeant les réalités sociales et culturelles dans lesquelles ils sont immergés. Parmi la centaine de communications présentées, certaines attiraient l'attention sur l'importance, la nécessité mais également la complexité des pratiques participatives, de l'engagement citoyen, de la mobilisation nécessaire pour envisager d'autres façons de penser et construire des projets de société. La publication qui en découle, nécessairement sélective par son format, rassemble 11 articles ayant plus particulièrement trait à la vie démocratique et citoyenne, véritable enjeu de société. Des éclairages algériens, guyanais, québécois, suisses viennent ici renforcer les expériences et les analyses franco-métropolitaines dans une perspective compréhensive volontairement tournée vers l'action…

Sociology --- animation socio-culturelle --- action sociale --- associations