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This edited volume analyses siege warfare as a discrete type of military engagement, in the face of which civilians are particularly vulnerable. Siege warfare is a form of combat that has always had devastating effects on civilian populations. From the near-contemporary Siege of Sarajevo to the real and mythical sieges of the ancient Mediterranean, this has been a recurring type of military engagement which, through bombardment, starvation, disease and massacre, places non-combatants at the heart of battle. To date, however, there has been little recognition of the effects of siege warfare on civilians. This edited volume addresses this gap. Using a distinctive regressive method, it begins with the present and works backwards, avoiding teleological interpretations that suggest the targeting of civilians in war is a modern phenomenon. Its contributors interrogate civilians’ roles during sieges, both as victims and active participants; the laws and customs of siege warfare; its place in historical memory, and the ways civilian survivors have dealt with trauma. Its scope and content ensure that the collection is essential reading for all those interested in the place of civilians in war. Chapter 2 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

History. --- Europe --- World history. --- Military history. --- Civilization --- History of Military. --- World History, Global and Transnational History. --- Cultural History. --- History of Ancient Europe. --- History of Modern Europe. --- History—To 476. --- History—1492-. --- Cultural history --- Military historiography --- Military history --- Wars --- Universal history --- Annals --- Historiography --- Siege warfare --- Civilians in war. --- War --- War and society --- Civilization-History. --- Europe-History-To 476. --- Europe-History-1492-. --- History --- Naval history --- Civilization—History. --- Europe—History—To 476. --- Europe—History—1492-.

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The football World Cup is unquestionably the biggest sporting event in the world. This fascinating collection of papers examines the background to the 2002 World Cup Finals, held in Korea and Japan, and explores the event's profound social, cultural, political and economic significance.The book offers important insight into topics such as:* the development of professional football in Korea and Japan* the political and diplomatic significance of the first co-hosted World Cup* FIFA and the 'back stage' dealing behind the World Cup* football as a global culture and it

Soccer --- Association football --- English football --- European football --- Football (Soccer) --- Football --- World Cup (Soccer) --- J6900.90 --- J6902 --- J6954 --- K9390.80 --- K9393.10 --- Japan: Sports and recreation -- history -- postwar Shōwa (1945- ), Heisei period (1989- ), contemporary --- Japan: Sports and recreation -- societies, organizations, congresses, periodicals, tournaments and events --- Japan: Sports and recreation -- soccer --- Korea: Sports, games and toys -- history -- modern period, postwar period (1945- ) --- Korea: Sports -- soccer

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The First World War did not end in november 1918. In Russia and Eastern Europe it finished up to a year earlier, and both there and elsewhere in Europe it triggered conflicts that lasted until 1923. Paramilitary formations were prominent in this continuation of the war. They had some features of formal military organizations but were used in opposition to the regular military as an instrument of revolution or as an adjunct or substitute for military forces when these were unable by themselves to put down a revolution (whether class or national). Paramilitary violence thus arose in different contexts. It was an important aspect of the violence unleashed by class revolution in Russia. It structured the counter-revolution in Central and Eastern Europe, including Finland and Italy, which reacted against a mythic version of Bolshevik class violence in the name of order and authority. It also shaped the struggles over borders and ethnicity in the new states that replaced the multi-national empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Ottoman Turkey. It was prominent on all sides in the wars for Irish independence. In many cases, paramilitary violence was charged with political significance and acquired a long-lasting symbolism and influence. This volume explores the differences and similarities between these various kinds of paramilitary violence within one volume for the first time. It thereby contributes to our understanding of the difficult transitions from war to peace. It also helps to re-situate the Great War in a longer-term context and to explain its enduring impact.

Guerre mondiale (1914-1918) --- Forces paramilitaires --- Violence politique --- Questions territoriales --- Paix --- Europe --- Histoire --- Autonomie et mouvements indépendantistes --- Politique et gouvernement --- Territorial questions --- Political violence --- Paramilitary forces --- World War, 1914-1918 --- Première guerre mondiale --- History --- Peace. --- Autonomy and independence movements. --- Politics and government --- Autonomie et mouvements indépendantistes --- Paix. --- Autonomie et mouvements indépendantistes. --- Military history, Modern --- History.

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“Insightful, thorough and broad ranging, this book takes research on mega-events in exciting new directions. A path breaking work”. — Richard Gruneau, Professor Emeritus, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada “This volume is a well-considered selection of works on the topic of sport mega events in Asia (East and West). It is a must read for all mega event scholars and Asia specialists alike”. — Dr., Dr. Barbara Holthus, Deputy Director, German Institute for Japanese Studies, Tokyo, Japan This book is the first comprehensive collection focusing on the hosting of sports mega-events within Asia and their impact on the politics, economics, and culture that shape, and are shaped by, the local idiosyncrasies of host cities and countries across this most culturally diverse continent. From the Olympic Games and single sport World Cups, to the Asian Games and their sub-regional variations, an increasing number of Asian countries have rapidly developed their capacity to host and mobilize large-scale sports events as a cornerstone of their economic growth, national identity formation, and international prestige. This book sets out to fill a gap in the literature and will be of particular relevance to those who are interested in globalization, sports studies, political economy, cultural studies, event management and policy, sociology, media studies, and Asian studies. Koji Kobayashi is Associate Professor in the Center for Glocal Strategy at Otaru University of Commerce, Japan, and Adjunct Senior Lecturer at Lincoln University, New Zealand. John Horne is Visiting Professor in the Graduate School of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. Younghan Cho is Professor of Korean Studies at the Graduate School of International and Area Studies at Hankuk University of Foreign Studies. Jung Woo Lee is Programme Director of M.Sc. Sport Policy, Management and International Development, Research Director of the Scottish Centre for Olympic Research and Education, and Lecturer in Sport and Leisure Policy at the University of Edinburgh, UK. .

Sports—Sociological aspects. --- Ethnology—Asia. --- Culture. --- Asia—Politics and government. --- Sports sciences. --- Sport Sociology. --- Asian Culture. --- Asian Politics. --- Sport Science. --- Sciences, Sports --- Sport sciences --- Physical education and training --- Science --- Cultural sociology --- Culture --- Sociology of culture --- Civilization --- Popular culture --- Social aspects

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Multidisciplinary --- altérité --- xénophobie --- autrui --- étranger --- représentations sociales --- Europe du Nord-Ouest --- relations interethniques