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Proprioception is the sense of body position and movement, with conscious and unconscious components, that determines and conditions the human body's relationship with the environment. This quality of mechanosensitivity deteriorates in some pathologies and is responsible for some alterations of the locomotor system that appear in elderly persons. In those situations, the failure of proprioception reduces the quality of life of the subjects. The widespread use in developed countries of substitute joint prostheses makes it necessary to rethink the concepts of movement detection and perception. As such, this book examines the basics of proprioception as well as its function in the lower extremities, the head, in children with disabilities, and its connection with virtual reality.
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Proprioception. --- Somesthesia --- Proprioceptors
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Vertigo. --- Equilibrium (Physiology) --- Balance (Physiology) --- Proprioception --- Vertigo --- Vestibular apparatus --- Dizziness --- Labyrinth (Ear) --- Diseases
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Physical therapy --- Stretching exercises --- Proprioception. --- Somesthesia --- Proprioceptors --- Exercise --- Physiotherapy --- Medicine, Physical --- Therapeutics, Physiological --- Physiological aspects.
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Part of the 'Oxford Textbooks in Clinical Neurology' series this volume comprehensively covers the scientific basis, clinical diagnosis, and treatments for the disorders leading to dizziness and poor balance.
Equilibrium (Physiology) --- Vertigo. --- Dizziness --- Labyrinth (Ear) --- Vestibular apparatus --- Balance (Physiology) --- Proprioception --- Vertigo --- Diseases
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Ian Waterman lost all sense of movement below the neck over 40 years ago. Unable to move, he felt disembodied and frightened. Slowly, he taught himself to dress, eat and walk by thinking about each movement with visual supervision. Here we see the science behind this rare condition but also Ian's personal journey through his unique response.
Proprioception. --- Somesthesia --- Proprioceptors --- Waterman, Ian --- Health. --- United Kingdom. --- Great Britain --- Isle of Man
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One remarkable ability of the human brain is to process large amounts of information about our surroundings to allow us to interact effectively with them. In everyday life, the most common way to interact with objects is by reaching, grasping, lifting and manipulating them. Although these may sound like simple tasks, the perceptual properties of the target object, such as its location, size, shape, and orientation all need to be processed in order to set the movement parameters that allow an accurate reach-to-grasp-to lift movement. Several brain areas work in concert to process this outstanding amount of visual information and drive the execution of a motor plan in just a few hundred milliseconds. How are these processes orchestrated? In developing this type of comprehensive knowledge about the interactions between objects perception and goal-directed actions, we have a window into the mechanisms underlying the functioning of the visuo-motor system. With this research topic we aim to further understand the neural mechanisms that mediate our interactions with the world. Therefore, we particularly encourage submission of papers that attempt to relate such findings to real-world situations by investigating behavioural and neural correlates of information processing related to eye-hand coordination and visually-guided actions, including reaching, grasping, and lifting movements. This topic welcomes submissions of original research using any relevant techniques and methods, from behavioural kinematics/kinetics, to neuroimaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), as well as neuropsychological studies.One remarkable ability of the human brain is to process large amounts of information about our surroundings to allow us to interact effectively with them. In everyday life, the most common way to interact with objects is by reaching, grasping, lifting and manipulating them. Although these may sound like simple tasks, the perceptual properties of the target object, such as its location, size, shape, and orientation all need to be processed in order to set the movement parameters that allow an accurate reach-to-grasp-to lift movement. Several brain areas work in concert to process this outstanding amount of visual information and drive the execution of a motor plan in just a few hundred milliseconds. How are these processes orchestrated? In developing this type of comprehensive knowledge about the interactions between objects perception and goal-directed actions, we have a window into the mechanisms underlying the functioning of the visuo-motor system. With this research topic we aim to further understand the neural mechanisms that mediate our interactions with the world. Therefore, we particularly encourage submission of papers that attempt to relate such findings to real-world situations by investigating behavioural and neural correlates of information processing related to eye-hand coordination and visually-guided actions, including reaching, grasping, and lifting movements. This topic welcomes submissions of original research using any relevant techniques and methods, from behavioural kinematics/kinetics, to neuroimaging and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), as well as neuropsychological studies.
perception and action --- grasping --- Proprioception --- Vision --- reaching --- somatosensory processing --- eye-hand coordination --- motor control
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Embodied cognition represents one of most important research programs in contemporary cognitive science. Although there is a diversity of opinion concerning the nature of embodiment, the core idea is that cognitive processes are influenced by body morphology, emotions, and sensorimotor systems. This idea is supported by an ever increasing collection of empirical studies that fall into two broad classes: one consisting of experiments that implicate action, emotion, and perception systems in seemingly abstract cognitive tasks and the other consisting of experiments that demonstrate the contribution of bodily interaction with the external environment to the performance of such tasks. Now that the research program of embodied cognition is well established, the time seems right for assessing its further promise and potential limitations. This research topic aims to create an interdisciplinary forum for discussing where we go from here. Given that we have good reason to think that the body influences cognition in surprisingly robust ways, the central question is no longer whether or not any cognitive processes are embodied. Instead, other questions have come to the fore: To what extent are cognitive processes in general embodied? Are there disembodied processes? Among those that are embodied, how are they embodied? Is there more than one kind of embodiment? Is embodiment a matter of degree? There are a number of specific issues that could be addressed by submissions to this research topic. Some supporters of embodied cognition eschew representations. Should anti-representationalism be a core part of an embodied approach? What role should dynamical models play? Research in embodied cognition has tended to focus on the importance of sensorimotor areas for cognition. What are the functions of multimodal or amodal brain areas? Abstract concepts have proved to be a challenge for embodied cognition. How should they be handled? Should researchers allow for some form of weak embodiment? Currently, there is a split between those who offer a simulation-based approach to embodiment and those who offer an enactive approach. Who is right? Should there be a rapprochement between these two groups? Some experimental and robotics researchers have recently shown a great deal of interest in the idea that external resources such as language can serve as form of cognitive scaffolding. What are the implications of this idea for embodied cognition? This research topic aims to bring together empirical and theoretical work from a diversity of perspectives. Submissions are sought from any of the major disciplines associated with cognitive science, including but not necessarily limited to anthropology, cognitive psychology, computational modeling, linguistics, neuroscience, philosophy, robotics, and social psychology. Researchers are encouraged to submit papers discussing experiments, methods, models, or theories that speak to the issue of the future of embodied cognition.
Psychology. --- Cognitive science. --- Cognition. --- Cognitive Science. --- development --- concepts --- Language --- Proprioception --- extended mind --- action --- Embodied Cognition --- Cognition --- semantics --- enaction
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An exciting new line of research that investigates the impact of one’s own hands on visual processing has flourished in the past several years. Specifically, several studies have demonstrated that objects near the hands receive prioritized attention, enhanced perceptual sensitivity, altered figure-ground assignment, prolonged and detail-oriented processing, and improved visual working memory. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the visual system reveals a new pattern of processing when one's hands are in proximity of viewed objects. Therefore, the vast majority of studies on visual processing, in which one's hands are kept away from the stimuli, may constitute but one side of a more complex story of the inner workings of the visual system. With several consistent behavioral demonstrations of hand-altered vision now in the literature, the present challenge facing this growing field, and the aim of this Research Topic, is four-pronged: 1) Isolate and elucidate the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms of hand-altered vision; 2) Map the parameters and conditions of hand-nearness that permit/prevent the onset or maintenance of hand-altered vision; 3) Determine the consequences of hand-altered vision for higher-level cognition and assess its applied potential (e.g., as a neuropsychological intervention); and, 4) Present a cohesive and predictive theoretical account of hand-altered vision. We welcome submissions that fit into any one (or a combination) of the above domains. For behavioral research, we particularly encourage submissions that are relevant to the advancement of our understanding of the neural mechanisms of hand-altered vision (e.g., demonstrations that might corroborate or disconfirm proposed neural systems).
visual attention --- perception and action --- peripersonal space --- spatial attention --- affordance --- Proprioception --- multisensory integration --- Embodied Cognition --- near and far space --- tool-use
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The volume entitled ""Spatial Orientation in Humans and Animals"" edited by Dr. Robert Lalonde, from the department of Psychology at the University of Normandy, France, provides a summary of our current knowledge on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the way human beings and animals orient themselves in their everyday environment. In chapter 1, Lalonde presents the neuropsychological tests used to study visuospatial processing in human subjects. In chapter 2, Lalonde and Dr Catherine Strazielle, from the Physiology and Anatomy Section at the University of Lorraine, France, present the b
Orientation (Physiology) --- Space perception. --- Cognition in animals. --- Animal orientation. --- Animal cognition --- Animal intelligence --- Orientation --- Spatial perception --- Perception --- Spatial behavior --- Figure-ground perception --- Geographical perception --- Instinct --- Physiology --- Proprioception --- Senses and sensation
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