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Building Valve Amplifiers is a unique hands-on guide for anyone working with tube audio equipment - as an electronics experimenter, audiophile or audio engineer. Particular attention has been paid to answering questions commonly asked by newcomers to the world of the vacuum tube, whether audio enthusiasts tackling their first build, or more experienced amplifier designers seeking to learn the ropes of working with valves. The practical side of this book is reinforced by numerous clear illustrations throughout.As well as the design and build of new valve amplifiers, complete with constr

Amplifiers, Vacuum-tube. --- Audio amplifiers --- Amplifiers, Audio --- Audio-frequency amplifiers --- Amplifiers (Electronics) --- Vacuum-tube amplifiers --- Vacuum-tubes --- Design and construction.

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X-rays. --- Rays, Roentgen --- Roentgen rays --- Roentgenograms --- Electromagnetic waves --- Ionizing radiation --- Radiation --- Cathode rays --- Radiography --- Vacuum-tubes

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This collective book provides a review and summary of recent ten-year research in runaway electron preionized diffuse discharges (REP DD) formed in an inhomogeneous electric field in different gases at increased pressure. Attention is also given to volume (diffuse) discharges in a homogeneous electric field, barrier discharges, and so-called open low-pressure discharges. The book has contributions by research groups from different countries and institutes, which added much to the scope of data presented. New experimental techniques and equipment, including those with picosecond time resolution

Electrons --- Electric discharges through gases. --- Electricity --- Gases, Electric discharges through --- Cathode rays --- Ions --- Vacuum --- Vacuum-tubes --- Electron diffusion --- Diffusion --- Diffusion. --- Discharges through gases

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This book is your graduate level entrance into battery, fuel cell and solar cell research at synchrotron x-ray sources. Materials scientists find numerous examples for the combination of electrochemical experiments with simple and with highly complex x-ray scattering and spectroscopy methods. Physicists and chemists can link applied electrochemistry with fundamental concepts of condensed matter physics, physical chemistry and surface science. Contents:IntroductionMolecular Structure and Electronic StructureCrystal Structure and MicrostructureReal Space Imaging and TomographyResonant Methods and Chemical Contrast VariationSurface Sensitive and Volume Sensitive MethodsOrganic and Bio-Organic SamplesComplex Case Studies / Electrochemical In Situ StudiesCorrelation of Electronic Structure And ConductivityRadiation DamagesBackground SubtractionX-Ray Physics Nobel PrizesSynchrotron Centers WorldElectromagnetic SpectrumKα,Β X-Ray EnergiesPeriodic Table of Elements

Electrochemistry --- X-rays. --- Batterie. --- Brennstoffzelle. --- Elektrochemie. --- Kristallographie. --- Röntgenspektroskopie. --- Röntgenstrukturanalyse. --- Solarzelle. --- SCIENCE / Spectroscopy & Spectrum Analysis. --- Chemistry, Physical and theoretical --- Rays, Roentgen --- Roentgen rays --- Roentgenograms --- Electromagnetic waves --- Ionizing radiation --- Radiation --- Cathode rays --- Radiography --- Vacuum-tubes --- Research.

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Gettering Defects in Semiconductors fulfills three basic purposes: – to systematize the experience and research in exploiting various gettering techniques in microelectronics and nanoelectronics; – to identify new directions in research, particularly to enhance the perspective of professionals and young researchers and specialists; – to fill a gap in the contemporary literature on the underlying semiconductor-material theory. The authors address not only well-established gettering techniques but also describe contemporary trends in gettering technologies from an international perspective. The types and properties of structural defects in semiconductors, their generating and their transforming mechanisms during fabrication are described. The primary emphasis is placed on classifying and describing specific gettering techniques, their specificity arising from both their position in a general technological process and the regimes of their application. This book addresses both engineers and material scientists interested in semiconducting materials theory and also undergraduate and graduate students in solid–state microelectronics and nanoelectronics. A comprehensive list of references provides readers with direction for further reading.

Semiconductors. --- Getters. --- Gases --- Metals --- Vacuum-tubes --- Crystalline semiconductors --- Semi-conductors --- Semiconducting materials --- Semiconductor devices --- Crystals --- Electrical engineering --- Electronics --- Solid state electronics --- Absorption and adsorption --- Materials --- Optical materials. --- Chemical engineering. --- Optical and Electronic Materials. --- Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering. --- Chemistry, Industrial --- Engineering, Chemical --- Industrial chemistry --- Engineering --- Chemistry, Technical --- Metallurgy --- Optics --- Electronic materials. --- Electronic materials --- Semiconductors --- Getters