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Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Behavioral Symptoms --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Behavior --- Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms --- Psychotherapy --- Self-Injurious Behavior

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A philosopher subjects the claims of evolutionary psychology to the evidential and methodological requirements of evolutionary biology, concluding that evolutionary psychology's explanations amount to speculation disguised as results. Human beings, like other organisms, are the products of evolution. Like other organisms, we exhibit traits that are the product of natural selection. Our psychological capacities are evolved traits as much as are our gait and posture. This much few would dispute. Evolutionary psychology goes further than this, claiming that our psychological traits--including a wide variety of traits, from mate preference and jealousy to language and reason--can be understood as specific adaptations to ancestral Pleistocene conditions. In Evolutionary Psychology as Maladapted Psychology, Robert Richardson takes a critical look at evolutionary psychology by subjecting its ambitious and controversial claims to the same sorts of methodological and evidential constraints that are broadly accepted within evolutionary biology. The claims of evolutionary psychology may pass muster as psychology; but what are their evolutionary credentials? Richardson considers three ways adaptive hypotheses can be evaluated, using examples from the biological literature to illustrate what sorts of evidence and methodology would be necessary to establish specific evolutionary and adaptive explanations of human psychological traits. He shows that existing explanations within evolutionary psychology fall woefully short of accepted biological standards. The theories offered by evolutionary psychologists may identify traits that are, or were, beneficial to humans. But gauged by biological standards, there is inadequate evidence: evolutionary psychologists are largely silent on the evolutionary evidence relevant to assessing their claims, including such matters as variation in ancestral populations, heritability, and the advantage offered to our ancestors. As evolutionary claims they are unsubstantiated. Evolutionary psychology, Richardson concludes, may offer a program of research, but it lacks the kind of evidence that is generally expected within evolutionary biology. It is speculation rather than sound science--and we should treat its claims with skepticism.

Evolutionary psychology. --- Evolutionary psychology --- Psychology --- Behavioral Sciences --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Social Sciences --- Human evolution --- COGNITIVE SCIENCES/Psychology/Cognitive Psychology --- PHILOSOPHY/General

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What is the relationship between common-sense, or 'folk', psychology and contemporary scientific psychology? Are they in conflict with one another? Or do they perform quite different, though perhaps complementary, roles? George Botterill and Peter Carruthers discuss these questions, defending a robust form of realism about the commitments of folk psychology and about the prospects for integrating those commitments into natural science. Their focus throughout the book is on the ways in which cognitive science presents a challenge to our common-sense self-image - arguing that our native conception of the mind will be enriched, but not overturned, by science. The Philosophy of Psychology is designed as a textbook for upper-level undergraduate and beginning graduate students in philosophy and cognitive science, but as a text that not only surveys but advances the debates on the topics discussed, it will also be of interest to researchers working in these areas.

Philosophical anthropology --- Psychology --- Philosophy. --- Psychology. --- Psychology - Philosophy. --- Mental Processes --- Humanities --- Psychological Phenomena and Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Behavioral Sciences --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Philosophy --- Cognitive Science --- Cognition --- Psychological Theory --- Social Sciences --- Arts and Humanities

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Chronic diseases --- Chronically ill --- Sick --- Chronic Disease --- Psychotherapy. --- Medische psychologie --- Psychological aspects. --- Mental health. --- Psychology. --- psychology. --- therapy. --- gezondheidspsychologie --- gezondheidspsychologie. --- Therapy. --- Gezondheidspsychologie. --- Psychotherapy --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Disease Attributes --- Pathologic Processes --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms --- Diseases

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Humanistic psychotherapy --- #PBIB:2001.4 --- Humanistic psychology --- Psychotherapy --- Humanistic psychotherapy. --- Klinische psychologie --- psychotherapie --- psychotherapie. --- Psychotherapie. --- Humanism --- Ethics --- Behavioral Disciplines and Activities --- Philosophy --- Psychiatry and Psychology --- Humanities --- Psychiatry --- Health & Biological Sciences