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Quelques mois après l’élection de Benoît XIV, les architectes de la Fabrique de Saint-Pierre de Rome engagèrent une série d’enquêtes de stabilité sur la coupole de la basilique. Elle présentait, depuis longtemps déjà, de nombreuses fissures. L’inquiétude s’étendit à la curie et, à l’automne 1742, elle était à son paroxysme. Le pape commanda alors une expertise à des savants réputés mais étrangers au microcosme romain de l’architecture. Les résultats de leurs travaux, présentés lors d’un spectacle de démonstration scientifique mettant en scène la maquette de Michel Ange restaurée pour l’occasion, ne firent que déclencher une onde de protestations qui s’étendit sur plusieurs années. La querelle initiale, confinée dans les cercles du palais apostolique, se constitua rapidement en une controverse scientifiquement argumentée qui traversa avec une grande violence les catégories professionnelles et les clans intellectuels. Cependant, la richesse du dossier montre qu’il ne peut être réduit à un simple débat policé sur des questions techniques. Il fait apparaître la très grande diversité de conceptions sur l’architecture en vigueur dans la Rome du milieu du XVIIIe siècle, motivées par des positions identitaires, intellectuelles, religieuses et politiques discordantes.

Domes --- Architecture --- Conservation and restoration --- History. --- Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano --- Vatican City --- Buildings, structures, etc. --- Architecture, Primitive --- Architecture, Western (Western countries) --- Building design --- Buildings --- Construction --- Western architecture (Western countries) --- Art --- Building --- Cupolas --- Rotundas --- Roofs --- Design and construction --- Details --- San Pietro in Vaticano (Basilica) --- Basilica vaticana --- Saint Peter's Cathedral (Vatican City) --- Vatican City. --- S. Pietro in Vaticano (Basilica) --- St. Peter's (Basilica : Vatican City) --- Basilique de Saint-Pierre (Vatican City) --- Basilica Sancti Petri (Vatican City) --- Sanctus Petrus (Basilica : Vatican City) --- Basilica papale di San Pietro in Vaticano --- City of the Vatican --- Città del Vaticano --- Vatikana --- Vatican City State --- Stato della Città del Vaticano --- Miejsce Piotrowe --- Wieczne Miasto --- Watykan --- Cité du Vatican --- Stolica Apostolska --- Civitas Vaticana --- Status Civitatis Vaticanae --- Holy See --- Holy See (Vatican City State) --- Holy See (Vatican City) --- Santa Sede --- Santa Sede (Stato della Città del Vaticano) --- Santa Sede (Città del Vaticano) --- State of the Vatican City --- Città Vaticano --- Papal States --- architecture --- Vatican XVIIIe --- dôme

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The history of the Vatican Library began when the Pope Silvester I (314- 335) settled in the Basilica of St. John Lateran in Rome, thanks to the Edict of Constantine in 313. The Basilica was built by Constantine himself and by the half of that century was set in it a scrinum sanctum, that is a collection of books which was at the same time a library for the booksellers and an archive for documents. This book mainly deals with the location of the popes' library, but it also presents the history of the library building from its beginnings. Between 1587 and 1589 Pope Sixtus V built the Salone Sistino in the Vatican Apostolic Palace nearby St. Peter, which became the new location of the library. This place is one of the gems of Vatican City, since it contains frescos representing the history of Councils and the Charter for the Codices and for print. In 2012 this architectural and decorative wonder will reopen as a reference collection space, although it still won't be accessible to the Museum's visitors and tourists.

Libraries --- Rare book libraries --- Catholic libraries --- Christian art and symbolism --- History. --- Biblioteca apostolica vaticana. --- Vatican City --- Buildings, structures, etc. --- 027.2 <456.31> --- 262.133.42 --- 026:2 --- Bibliotheken van wetenschappelijke instellingen, academies, verenigingen--Vaticaanstad. Kerkelijke Staat --- Vaticaanse bibliotheken --- Speciale bibliotheken-:-Godsdienst. Theologie --- 026:2 Speciale bibliotheken-:-Godsdienst. Theologie --- 262.133.42 Vaticaanse bibliotheken --- 027.2 <456.31> Bibliotheken van wetenschappelijke instellingen, academies, verenigingen--Vaticaanstad. Kerkelijke Staat --- Documentation --- Public institutions --- Librarians --- Art, Christian --- Art, Ecclesiastical --- Arts in the church --- Christian symbolism --- Ecclesiastical art --- Symbolism and Christian art --- Religious art --- Symbolism --- Church decoration and ornament --- Libraries, Catholic --- Religious libraries --- Special libraries --- History --- City of the Vatican --- Città del Vaticano --- Vatikana --- Vatican City State --- Stato della Città del Vaticano --- Miejsce Piotrowe --- Wieczne Miasto --- Watykan --- Cité du Vatican --- Stolica Apostolska --- Civitas Vaticana --- Status Civitatis Vaticanae --- Holy See --- Holy See (Vatican City State) --- Holy See (Vatican City) --- Santa Sede --- Santa Sede (Stato della Città del Vaticano) --- Santa Sede (Città del Vaticano) --- State of the Vatican City --- Città Vaticano --- Papal States --- Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana. --- Symbolism in art --- Apostolic Vatican Library --- BAV --- Biblioteca vaticana --- Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana --- Bibliotheca Vaticana --- Bibliothek des Vatikans --- Bibliothèque apostolique vaticane --- Bibliothèque du Vatican --- Bibliothèque vaticane --- Bybliotheca Vaticana --- Sifriyat ha-Ṿaṭiḳan --- Vatican Apostolic Library --- Vatican. Biblioteca vaticana --- Vatican City. Apostolic Vatican Library --- Vatican City. Biblioteca apostolica vaticana --- Vatican City. Biblioteca vaticana --- Vatican City. Bibliotheca Vaticana --- Vatican City. Vatican Apostolic Library --- Vatican City. Vatican Library --- Vatican Library --- Vatikanische Bibliothek --- Vatikanska apostolicheska biblioteka --- Vatikanska biblioteka --- Vatikanská knihovna --- ספריה האפוסטולית בואטיקו --- ספריית הוותיקן

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St Peter's Basilica in Rome is arguably the most important church in Western Christendom, and is among the most significant buildings anywhere in the world. However, the church that is visible today is a youthful upstart, only four hundred years old compared to the twelve-hundred-year-old church whose site it occupies. A very small proportion of the original is now extant, entirely covered over by the new basilica, but enough survives to make reconstruction of the first St Peter's possible and much new evidence has been uncovered in the past thirty years. This is the first full study of the older church, from its late antique construction to Renaissance destruction, in its historical context. An international team of historians, art historians, archaeologists and liturgists explores aspects of the basilica's history, from its physical fabric to the activities that took place within its walls and its relationship with the city of Rome.

Church architecture --- Church history --- Basilica di San Pietro in Vaticano --- History --- Vatican City --- Antiquities --- Buildings, structures, etc. --- Architecture chrétienne --- Eglise --- Histoire --- History. --- Vatican --- Antiquités --- Constructions --- Church architecture - Vatican City --- Church history - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Roma --- San Pietro (Roma) --- Vatican City - Antiquities --- Vatican City - Buildings, structures, etc. --- Arts and Humanities --- Antiquities. --- Christianity --- Ecclesiastical architecture --- Rood-lofts --- Christian art and symbolism --- Religious architecture --- Architecture, Gothic --- Church buildings --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- San Pietro in Vaticano (Basilica) --- Basilica vaticana --- Saint Peter's Cathedral (Vatican City) --- Vatican City. --- S. Pietro in Vaticano (Basilica) --- St. Peter's (Basilica : Vatican City) --- Basilique de Saint-Pierre (Vatican City) --- Basilica Sancti Petri (Vatican City) --- Sanctus Petrus (Basilica : Vatican City) --- Basilica papale di San Pietro in Vaticano --- City of the Vatican --- Città del Vaticano --- Vatikana --- Vatican City State --- Stato della Città del Vaticano --- Miejsce Piotrowe --- Wieczne Miasto --- Watykan --- Cité du Vatican --- Stolica Apostolska --- Civitas Vaticana --- Status Civitatis Vaticanae --- Holy See --- Holy See (Vatican City State) --- Holy See (Vatican City) --- Santa Sede --- Santa Sede (Stato della Città del Vaticano) --- Santa Sede (Città del Vaticano) --- State of the Vatican City --- Città Vaticano --- Papal States

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The book studies the use made by the British government of its envoy, immured inside the Vatican from 1940 to 1944, and what the envoy made of such opportunities during the Second World War to help the Allied cause. We see the Vatican, the Fascist Italy, from 'inside', and so gain a new and rare perspective into the predicament of the papacy. Owen Chadwick gives insight into the workings of the Vatican, including such questions as the struggle to keep Italy out of the war, the relations between the Vatican and the Fascist government, the use which the British sought to make of Vatican radio, the question of condemning atrocities, the bombing of Rome, the fall of Fascism, the armistice between the Allies and Italy, the German occupation of Rome, and the escape line for British prisoners of war. The author has used several groups of hitherto unexplored archives, and makes a fresh contribution both to the history of the Second World War and to the modern history of the papacy.

World War, 1939-1945 --- Diplomatic history --- Catholic Church --- Foreign relations --- Great Britain --- World War, 1939-1945 - Diplomatic history --- Great Britain - Foreign relations - Catholic Church --- Arts and Humanities --- History --- Diplomatic history. --- Vatican City --- Catholic Church. --- History. --- European War, 1939-1945 --- Second World War, 1939-1945 --- World War 2, 1939-1945 --- World War II, 1939-1945 --- World War Two, 1939-1945 --- WW II (World War, 1939-1945) --- WWII (World War, 1939-1945) --- History, Modern --- Historiography --- Church of Rome --- Roman Catholic Church --- Katholische Kirche --- Katolyt︠s︡ʹka t︠s︡erkva --- Römisch-Katholische Kirche --- Römische Kirche --- Ecclesia Catholica --- Eglise catholique --- Eglise catholique-romaine --- Katolicheskai︠a︡ t︠s︡erkovʹ --- Chiesa cattolica --- Iglesia Católica --- Kościół Katolicki --- Katolicki Kościół --- Kościół Rzymskokatolicki --- Nihon Katorikku Kyōkai --- Katholikē Ekklēsia --- Gereja Katolik --- Kenesiyah ha-Ḳatolit --- Kanisa Katoliki --- כנסיה הקתולית --- כנסייה הקתולית --- 가톨릭교 --- 천주교 --- City of the Vatican --- Città del Vaticano --- Vatikana --- Vatican City State --- Stato della Città del Vaticano --- Miejsce Piotrowe --- Wieczne Miasto --- Watykan --- Cité du Vatican --- Stolica Apostolska --- Civitas Vaticana --- Status Civitatis Vaticanae --- Holy See --- Holy See (Vatican City State) --- Holy See (Vatican City) --- Santa Sede --- Santa Sede (Stato della Città del Vaticano) --- Santa Sede (Città del Vaticano) --- State of the Vatican City --- Città Vaticano --- Papal States

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Self-determination, National --- Sovereignty --- State sovereignty (International relations) --- International law --- Political science --- Common heritage of mankind (International law) --- International relations --- National self-determination --- Nationalism --- Nation-state --- Nationalities, Principle of --- Law and legislation --- Andorra --- -Liechtenstein --- -Monaco --- -San Marino --- -Vatican City --- -International status --- International status --- Self-determination, National. --- Sovereignty. --- -City of the Vatican --- Città del Vaticano --- Vatikana --- Vatican City State --- Stato della Città del Vaticano --- Miejsce Piotrowe --- Wieczne Miasto --- Watykan --- Cité du Vatican --- Stolica Apostolska --- Civitas Vaticana --- Status Civitatis Vaticanae --- Holy See --- Holy See (Vatican City State) --- Holy See (Vatican City) --- Santa Sede --- Santa Sede (Stato della Città del Vaticano) --- Santa Sede (Città del Vaticano) --- State of the Vatican City --- Città Vaticano --- San Marino (Republic) --- S. Marino --- Repubblica di San Marino --- Most Serene Republic of San Marino --- Republic of San Marino --- République de San-Marin --- Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino --- Сан-Марино --- Республикэ Сан-Марино --- Respublikė San-Marino --- Сан-Марино Республикаhы --- San-Marino Respublikaḣy --- Сан-Марына --- San-Maryna --- Святлейшая Рэспубліка Сан-Марына --- Svi︠a︡tleĭshai︠a︡ Rėspublika San-Maryna --- Република Сан Марино --- Republika San Marino --- República de San Marino --- Ripóbblica de San Marein --- Nejvznešenější republika San Marino --- San Marinu --- Republica di San Marinu --- Tangnefeddusaf Weriniaeth San Marino --- Republik San Marino --- San Mawínoo Bikéyah --- Nejswětlejša republika San Marino --- San Marino Vabariik --- Αγιος Μαρινος --- Hagios Marinos --- Γαληνoτάτη Δημοκρατία του Αγίου Μαρίνου --- Galēnotatē Dēmokratia tou Agiou Marinou --- San Marein --- Ripóbblica d' San Marein --- Сан-Марино Мастор --- San-Marino Mastor --- Serenísima República de San Marino --- Respubliko San-Marino --- Serenísima Repúbrica de San Marinu --- San Marinoko Errepublika --- Lýðveldið San Marino --- Tjóðveldið San Marino --- Saint-Marin --- République de Saint-Marin --- San Mairíne --- Poblacht Ró-Gheal San Mairíne --- Pobblaght Ro-Ghial San Marino --- Canimarino --- Bururi wa Canimarino --- Jamhuri ya San Marino --- Sṳn Mâ-li-nok --- Сан Маринмудин Орн --- San Marinmudin Orn --- Sana Marino --- Republika ti San Marino --- Katalnaan a Republika ti San Marino --- USanti Marino --- סן מרינו --- רפובליקת סן מרינו --- Republiḳat San Marino --- San-Marino Mărtebelī Respublikasy --- Sen Marin --- Mutagatifu Marino --- Jamhuri ya kuheshimiwa ya San Marino --- Sen Maren --- Komara San Marînoyê --- San Marins --- Res Publica Sancti Marini --- Res Publica Serenissima Sancti-Marini --- Sanmarīno --- Gaišā Sanmarīno Republika --- San Marinas --- San Marino Respublika --- San Marin --- Santu Marino --- Batetwa Republíki ya Santu Marino --- Repüblica de San Marin --- San Marino Köztársaság --- Bu̇gd Naĭramdakh San-Marino Uls --- Cencah Tlanaliuhtimani Tlācatlahtocāyōtl San Marino --- Cencah Yōcoxqui Tlācatlahtocāyōtl San Marino --- Likhtenshteĭn --- Fürstentum Liechtenstein --- Principality of Liechtenstein --- Lēohtenstān --- Lēohtenstān Þēodenrīċe --- Prinsdom van Liechtenstein --- Prencipato de Liechtenstein --- Principáu de Liechtenstein --- Lixtenşteyn --- Ліхтэнштэйн --- Княства Ліхтэнштэйн --- Kni︠a︡stva Likhtėnshtėĭn --- Liachtnstoa --- Firschtntum Liachtnstoa --- Lihtenštajn --- Kneževina Lihtenštajn --- Лихтенщайн --- Likhtenshtaĭn --- Княжество Лихтенщайн --- Kni︠a︡zhestvo Likhtenshtaĭn --- Principat de Liechtenstein --- Lichtenštejnsko --- Knížectví Lichtenštejnsko --- Tywysogaeth Liechtenstein --- Fyrstedømmet Liechtenstein --- Łííhtensain --- Liechtensteinska --- Wjerchojstwo Liechtensteinska --- Liechtensteini Vürstiriik --- Λιχτενστάιν --- Lichtenstain --- Πριγκιπάτο του Λιχτενστάιν --- Prinkipato tou Lichtenstain --- Principado de Liechtenstein --- Liĥtenŝtejno --- Liktenŝtejno --- Princlando Liĥtenŝtejno --- Lístestain --- Prencipau de Lístestain --- Liechtensteingo Printzerria --- Principauté du Liechtenstein --- Principauté de Liechtenstein --- Lychtenstein --- Lichtinstéin --- Prionsacht Lichtinstéin --- Prinsaght Liechtenstein --- Lihtenşteyn --- Likenekaina --- Kepangeranan Liechtenstein --- Furstadæmið Liechtenstein --- Principato del Liechtenstein --- ליכטנשטיין --- נסיכות ליכטנשטיין --- Nesikhot Likhṭenshṭain --- Monako --- Mūnākū --- Principauté de Monaco --- Principality of Monaco --- Múnegu --- Principatu de Múnegu --- Principado de Mónaco --- Principato di Monaco --- Монако --- Княжество Монако --- Kni︠a︡zhestvo Monako --- 摩纳哥 --- Monage --- 摩纳哥公国 --- Monage gong guo --- MCO --- MC --- Andorre --- Principat d'Andorra --- Principality of Andorra --- Principality of the Valleys of Andorra --- Principat de les Valls d'Andorra --- Prinsdom van Andorra --- Prencipato d'Andorra --- Andorra Knyazlığı --- Fürstentum Andorra --- Anduora --- Andora --- Андора --- Княства Андора --- Kni︠a︡stva Andora --- Княжество Андора --- Kni︠a︡zhestvo Andora --- Priñselezh Andorra --- Kneževina Andora --- Андорра --- Олаллийн Андорра --- Olalliĭn Andorra --- Anvdola --- Principatu d'Andorra --- Andorra Prinsligi --- Andorrské knížectví --- Principauté d'Andorre --- Principado de Andorra --- Kʺnęzhʹstvo Andora --- Андорра княжестви --- Andorra kni︠a︡zhestvi --- Tywysogaeth Andorra --- Wjerchojstwo Andorry --- Ανδόρρα --- Πριγκηπάτο της Ανδόρρας --- Prinkēpato tēs Andorras --- Principä d'Andòra --- Andoro --- Andora Princlando --- Prencipau d'Andorra --- Andorrako Printzerria --- Prinsadømið Andorra --- Andore --- Principât di Andorra --- Phrionsacht Andóra --- Prinsaght Andorra --- Андормудин Нутг --- Andormudin Nutg --- ʻAnakola --- Андоррæ --- Andorræ --- אנדורה --- Andorah --- Andoras --- Principaa d'Andora --- Endora --- Андорро --- Andorro --- Principauté d'Andore --- Πριγκηπάτο τη Ανδόρρας --- Prinkēpato tē Andorras --- Co-Principat d'Andorra --- Co-Senyoriu d'Andorra --- Senyoriu d'Andorra --- Valls d'Andorra --- Vallée d'Andorre --- Valleys of Andorra --- Vallées d'Andorre --- Vallées et Suzerainetés d'Andorre --- Княжество Андорра --- Kni︠a︡zhestvo Andorra --- 安道尔 --- Andao'er --- 安道尔公国 --- Andao'er gong guo --- Liechtenstein --- Monaco --- San Marino --- Vatican City --- City of the Vatican --- Papal States --- International status. --- Олаллийн Андорра