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In this book, Irina Chernetsky examines how humanists, patrons, and artists promoted Florence as the reincarnation of the great cities of pagan and Christian antiquity - Athens, Rome, and Jerusalem. The architectural image of an ideal Florence was discussed in chronicles and histories, poetry and prose, and treatises on art and religious sermons. It was also portrayed in paintings, sculpture, and sketches, as well as encoded in buildings erected during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Over time, the concept of an ideal Florence became inseparable from the real city, in both its social and architectural structures. Chernetsky demonstrates how the Renaissance notion of genealogy was applied to Florence, which was considered to be part of a family of illustrious cities of both the past and present. She also explores the concept of the ideal city in its intellectual, political, and aesthetic contexts, while offering new insights into the experience of urban space.

Renaissance --- Politics and culture --- Public spaces --- Monuments --- Florence (Italy) --- Symbolic representation.

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Antoine Mooij geeft op diepgaande wijze een overzicht van de filosofie van Cassirer en Lacan en biedt tevens een toepassing van de representatietheorie. Het begrip van representatie of symbolisatie is een belangrijke sleutel tot het verstaan van de mens, als animal symbolicum. De mens is een dier dat praten kan. Vanaf Aristoteles is dit een breed gedeelde visie waarin huidige menswetenschappers, van taalkundigen tot aan evolutiebiologen, elkaar kunnen vinden. De neokantiaansefilosoof Cassirer plaatst dit thema voor het eerst op de filosofische agenda: de filosofie van de symbolische vormen. Deze "wending naar de taal" krijgt vervolgens in bijna alle richtingen van de filosofie de wind in de zeilen. De filosoof en psychoanalyticus Jacques Lacan brengt met zijn theorie van de symbolische orde de repercussies van de talige bestaanswijze van de mens naar voren. Cassirer en Lacan hebben veel oog voor de sociale inbedding van het spreken. De mens is een sociaal dier: op fundamentele en ingrijpende wijze wordt zijn wezen bepaald door de groep, door de Ander, door de taal: hij is in de greep daarvan.

Philosophy of language --- Language and languages --- Psycholinguistics. --- Human beings --- Signs and symbols --- Philosophy. --- Symbolic representation. --- Lacan, Jacques, --- Cassirer, Ernst,

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Comparative religion --- Antiquity --- Greece --- Symbolism. --- Symbolism --- Representation, Symbolic --- Symbolic representation --- Mythology --- Emblems --- Signs and symbols --- Aegean Sea Region --- -Aegean Sea Region --- -Religion --- Antiquities --- Religion. --- Antiquities.

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Signs and symbols --- Signes et symboles --- Encyclopedias --- Encyclopédies --- -Representation, Symbolic --- Semeiotics --- Signs --- Symbolic representation --- Symbols --- Abbreviations --- Omens --- Semiotics --- Sign language --- Symbolism --- Visual communication --- Dictionaries --- -Dictionaries --- Encyclopédies

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At once an ecological phenomenon and a cultural construction, the desert has varied associations within Zionist and Israeli culture. In the Judaic textual tradition, it evokes exile and punishment, yet is also a site for origin myths, the divine presence, and sanctity. Secular Zionism developed its own spin on the duality of the desert as the romantic site of Jews' biblical roots that inspired the Hebrew culture, and as the barren land outside the Jewish settlements in Palestine, featuring them as an oasis of order and technological progress within a symbolic desert. Yael Zerubavel tells the story of the desert from the early twentieth century to the present, shedding light on romantic-mythical associations, settlement and security concerns, environmental sympathies, and the commodifying tourist gaze. Drawing on literary narratives, educational texts, newspaper articles, tourist materials, films, popular songs, posters, photographs, and cartoons, Zerubavel reveals the complexities and contradictions that mark Israeli society's semiotics of space in relation to the Middle East, and the central role of the "besieged island" trope in Israeli culture and politics.

Deserts --- Discourse analysis --- Discourse grammar --- Text grammar --- Semantics --- Semiotics --- Arid regions --- Landforms --- Symbolic aspects --- Negev (Israel) --- Negeb (Israel) --- Symbolic representation. --- Sociology of culture --- National movements --- Israel --- Palestine