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The early twentieth century brought about the rejection by physicists of the doctrine of determinism - the belief that complete knowledge of the initial conditions of an interaction in nature allows precise and unambiguous prediction of the outcome. This book traces the origins of a central problem leading to this change in viewpoint and paradoxes raised by attempts to formulate a consistent theory of the nature of light. It outlines the different approaches adopted by members of different national cultures to the apparent inconsistencies, explains why Einstein's early (1905) attempt at a resolution was not taken seriously for fifteen years, and describes the mixture of ideas that created a route to a new, antideterministic formulation of the laws of nature. Dr Wheaton describes the experimental work on the new forms of radiation found at the turn of the century and shows how the interpretation of energy transfer from X-rays to matter gradually transformed a classical wave explanation of light to one based on particle like quanta of energy, and further, he explains how influential scientists came reluctantly to accept a wavelike interpretation of matter as well. This new and distinctively different account of one of the major theoretical shifts in modern physical thought will be of fundamental interest to physical scientists and philosophers, as well as to historians of science.

Wave-particle duality --- Radiation --- X-rays --- Gamma rays --- History --- -Radiation --- -Wave-particle duality --- -X-rays --- -53 <09> --- Rays, Roentgen --- Roentgen rays --- Roentgenograms --- Electromagnetic waves --- Ionizing radiation --- Cathode rays --- Radiography --- Vacuum-tubes --- Dualism, Wave-particle --- Duality principle (Physics) --- Wave-corpuscle duality --- Complementarity (Physics) --- Matter --- Wave mechanics --- Physics --- Radiology --- Gamma radiation --- Physics--Geschiedenis van ... --- Constitution --- History. --- 53 <09> Physics--Geschiedenis van ... --- 53 <09> --- Physics--Geschiedenis van .. --- Arts and Humanities --- Wave-particle duality - History --- Radiation - History --- X-rays - History --- Gamma rays - History

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Ray, wave and quantum concepts are central to diverse and seemingly incompatible models of light. Each model particularizes a specific ''manifestation'' of light, and then corresponds to adequate physical assumptions and formal approximations, whose domains of applicability are well-established. Accordingly each model comprises its own set of geometric and dynamic postulates with the pertinent mathematical means.At a basic level, the book is a complete introduction to the Wigner optics, which bridges between ray and wave optics, offering the optical phase space as the ambience and the

Wave theory of light. --- Wigner distribution. --- Geometrical optics --- Mathematics. --- Optics, Geometrical --- Optics --- Distribution (Probability theory) --- Racah algebra --- Light, Wave theory of --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Wave-particle duality

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This book deals concisely and coherently with various issues related to electroacoustic waves in piezoelectric layered composites. Starting with the basic linear equations and relations of electromagnet elasticity of homogeneous anisotropic piezoelectric media, the book considers the conditions for possible field or partial conjugation of physical and mechanical fields at the junction of two homogeneous media with geometrically homogeneous surfaces. The variety of electromechanical boundary conditions and the separation of plane and anti-plane fields of elastic deformation in homogeneous piezoelectric crystals are discussed. Then, the statements of the electroacoustic problem in piezo textures are studied and a layered piecewise-homogeneous piezoelectric waveguide is introduced, with non-acoustic contact between different piezoelectric layers. Non-acoustic contact between different piezoelectric layers can lead to the propagation of a hybrid of electroactive waves of plane and anti-plane elastic deformations. In the last part of the book, the problem of controlling electroacoustic waves in a waveguide is formulated. A method for solving problems of control of electroacoustic waves by non-contact surface action is proposed. .

Continuum mechanics. --- Electronics—Materials. --- Geometrical optics. --- Wave theory of light. --- Acoustics. --- Continuum Mechanics. --- Electronic Materials. --- Classical Optics, Geometric and Wave optics. --- Light, Wave theory of --- Optics --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Wave-particle duality --- Optics, Geometrical --- Mechanics of continua --- Elasticity --- Mechanics, Analytic --- Field theory (Physics)

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This book serves as an introductory text for students and engineers with limited knowledge of metamaterials (and elastic waves). This text begins with the most straightforward vibrating systems, such as single and 2-DOF spring-mass systems. It examines the observed phenomena in 2-DOF systems in an unconventional manner to prepare the reader for research on metamaterials. After presenting wave phenomena in an infinitely connected spring-mass system, an elastic bar, a continuous version of an infinite system, is analyzed. This instructional strategy, which progresses from the discrete model to the continuous model, facilitates efficient comprehension of wave and metamaterial concepts. Using continuous and discrete one-dimensional models, bending waves and their manipulation through metamaterials are also discussed. In the latter chapters of this book, advanced readers are introduced to the fundamental wave phenomena in two-dimensional media and wave manipulation using metamaterials, such as mode-converting transmission. As wave phenomena are the fundamental phenomena in vibrating structures, those interested in acoustics and vibration would gain a great deal of knowledge from this book, as the material covered in it offers a very different perspective on oscillatory phenomena than what is typically found in books on acoustics and vibration. Because this book presents a new technique for manipulating waves using metamaterials, engineers and scientists who work with (ultra)sounds and structural vibrations would find it very useful for expanding their knowledge of relevant topics.

Plasma waves. --- Metamaterials. --- Telecommunication. --- Photonics. --- Geometrical optics. --- Wave theory of light. --- Waves, instabilities and nonlinear plasma dynamics. --- Microwaves, RF Engineering and Optical Communications. --- Ultrafast Photonics. --- Classical Optics, Geometric and Wave optics. --- Light, Wave theory of --- Optics --- Wave-motion, Theory of --- Wave-particle duality --- Optics, Geometrical --- New optics --- Electric communication --- Mass communication --- Telecom --- Telecommunication industry --- Telecommunications --- Communication --- Information theory --- Telecommuting --- Meta materials --- Composite materials --- Electromagnetism --- Plasma sound waves --- Acoustic surface waves --- Magnetohydrodynamics --- Plasma (Ionized gases) --- Waves --- Elastic waves.