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Investiture --- Investitures, Querelle des --- 262.16 --- 27 "10" --- Bishops --- Church and state --- Church polity --- Consecration of bishops --- Bedienaren van de eredienst: aanstelling; installatie; investituur --- Kerkgeschiedenis--?"10" --- Theses --- Investiture. --- 262.16 Bedienaren van de eredienst: aanstelling; installatie; investituur --- Investiture (Canon law) --- History --- INVESTITURES, QUERELLE DES --- MOYEN AGE --- HISTORIOGRAPHIE --- SOURCES

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Qu'on n'attende pas ici une étude exhaustive d'un groupe social émietté et diversifié, tant par ses origines, sa formation intellectuelle que par les fonctions exercées par ses membres. Le rapport introductif en souligne les clivages, tout en notant quelques traits communs : la jouissance d'un statut apportant immunité judiciaire et fiscale, mais qui suscite plus de critiques que de considération, en raison de l'écart entre l'idéal évangélique, souvent recherché, et la conduite des clercs, trop souvent relâchée. Du royaume de France à la Scandinavie, de la péninsule ibérique à Constantinople. surgissent les images contrastées des clergeons de cathédrales, des prêtres-filleuls formant une véritable plèbe ecclésiastique, des curés ruraux mal instruits, des dignitaires de chapitres et des évêques qui s'efforcent, tant bien que mal, de veiller au bon fonctionnement des institutions, de contrôler les mœurs du clergé et de lui assurer une médiocre formation continue, afin qu'il puisse mieux répondre à l'idéal sacerdotal. Les diverses communications qui suivent cherchent donc à préciser l'image du clerc dans la société médiévale, le recrutement, la formation, le ministère pastoral, à comprendre aussi comment, par delà la diversité des fonctions et les distances sociales, les clercs séculiers forment un corps, le cœtus clericorum, qui se regroupe dans des confréries ou dans des quartiers urbains spécifiques, étudiés par notre regretté collègue, Jean-Charles Picard, dont ce fut l'une des dernières interventions parmi nous. Si un ouvrage d'ensemble sur le clergé séculier au Moyen Âge est encore prématuré, il faut souhaiter que les contributions ici réunies permettent au lecteur de mieux comprendre la vie foisonnante d'un groupe essentiel de la société médiévale, dans ses idéaux comme dans ses contradictions.

Christian pastoral theology --- anno 500-1499 --- 262.16 --- 262.16 Bedienaren van de eredienst: aanstelling; installatie; investituur --- Bedienaren van de eredienst: aanstelling; installatie; investituur --- Clergy --- Clergé --- History --- Congresses --- Histoire --- Congrès --- Catholic Church --- Europe --- Church history --- Histoire religieuse --- Clergé --- Congresses. --- Medieval & Renaissance Studies --- civilisation médiévale --- clerc séculier --- EGLISE CATHOLIQUE --- CLERGE --- CLERGE SECULIER --- GOUVERNEMENT --- 600-1500 (MOYEN AGE) --- PRETRES --- CONDITIONS SOCIALES --- MOYEN AGE --- CONDITION SOCIALE --- ESPAGNE --- CONDITION ECONOMIQUE

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Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Religion and politics --- Holy, The --- Religion et politique --- Sacré --- Religion et sciences --- Laicite --- Sacre --- Histoire --- Aspect religieux --- 217 --- Mens tegenover God: cultus; eredienst; gebed; offer (theodicee) --- Religiousness. --- Secularism. --- Sacré --- Religion and politics. --- Religion et sciences - Histoire - 20e siècle. --- Laicite - Aspect religieux --- Comparative religion

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The Roman Catholic leadership still refuses to ordain women officially or even to recognize that women are capable of ordination. But is the widely held assumption that women have always been excluded from such roles historically accurate? In the early centuries of Christianity, ordination was the process and the ceremony by which one moved to any new ministry (ordo) in the community. By this definition, women were in fact ordained into several ministries. A radical change in the definition of ordination during the eleventh and twelfth centuries not only removed women from the ordained ministry, but also attempted to eradicate any memory of women's ordination in the past. The debate that accompanied this change has left its mark in the literature of the time. However, the triumph of a new definition of ordination as the bestowal of power, particularly the power to confect the Eucharist, so thoroughly dominated western thought and practice by the thirteenth century that the earlier concept of ordination was almost completely erased. The ordination of women, either in the present or in the past, became unthinkable. References to the ordination of women exist in papal, episcopal and theological documents of the time, and the rites for these ordinations have survived. Yet, many scholars still hold that women, particularly in the western church, were never "really" ordained. A survey of the literature reveals that most scholars use a definition of ordination that would have been unknown in the early middle ages. Thus, the modern determination that women were never ordained, Macy argues, is a premise based on false terms. Not a work of advocacy, this important book applies indispensable historical background for the ongoing debate about women's ordination.

Ordination of women --- Ordination --- Ordination des femmes --- Ordre (Sacrement) --- History --- History of doctrines --- Histoire --- Histoire des doctrines --- Femmes et christianisme --- #GGSB: Wijding --- #GGSB: Ambt --- -Ordination --- -254.4*9 --- Women, Ordination of --- Women clergy --- -Vrouw als priester --- Bedienaars van de eredienst. Kerkelijke hiërarchie. Kerkelijke ambten --- 262.1 Bedienaars van de eredienst. Kerkelijke hiërarchie. Kerkelijke ambten --- 254.4*9 Vrouw als priester --- Vrouw als priester --- #GGSB: Kerkgeschiedenis --- #GGSB: Sacramenten --- 254.4*9 --- 262.1 --- Bishops --- Clergy --- Rites and ceremonies --- Sacraments --- Christian spirituality --- anno 500-1499 --- Europe --- Ambt --- Kerkgeschiedenis --- Sacramenten --- Wijding --- Ordination of women - Europe - History - To 1500. --- Ordination - History of doctrines - Middle Ages, 600-1500. --- Ordination of women - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Ordination - History of doctrines - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Ordination des femmes - Europe - Histoire - 500-1500 (Moyen Âge) --- Ordre (Sacrement) - Histoire des doctrines - 600-1500 (Moyen Âge) --- Ordinations --- Femmes

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Comparative religion --- 292.211 --- Religion Classical Greek and Roman Gods, goddesses, divinities and deities --- Hand in art --- Sabazius (Thraco-Phrygian deity) --- Main --- Main dans l'art --- Sabazios (Divinité thraco-phrygienne) --- -Hand in art --- -292.211 --- Gods, Phrygian --- Gods, Thracian --- Hand in art. --- Cult. --- Sabazios (Divinité thraco-phrygienne) --- Hand --- Hands --- Paw --- Paws --- Arm --- Left- and right-handedness --- Religious aspects --- Cult --- Religious aspects. --- Aspect religieux --- Culte --- Sabazios. Culte. --- Sabazios. Eredienst. --- Hand (in religion, folk-lore, etc.) --- Inscriptions, Greek. --- Inscriptions, Latin. --- Latin inscriptions --- Latin language --- Latin philology --- Greek inscriptions --- Greek language --- Greek philology --- Sabazius (Thraco-Phrygian deity) - Cult --- Hand - Religious aspects --- -Religious aspects