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Cytokines --- Biological Factors --- Periodicals. --- periodicals. --- Cytokines. --- Biological Factors. --- Biologic Agents --- Biologic Factors --- Biological Factor --- Factor, Biologic --- Factor, Biological --- Factors, Biological --- Biological Agents --- Agents, Biologic --- Agents, Biological --- Biologic Factor --- Factors, Biologic --- Cellular immunity --- Immune response --- Biological Products --- Regulation --- Biologic Agent --- Biological Agent --- Agent, Biologic --- Agent, Biological --- Produits biologiques.

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Biological Factors --- Biological Agents --- Natural products --- Biosynthesis --- Produits naturels --- Biosynthèse --- Periodicals --- Périodiques --- Biological Factors. --- Natural products. --- Products, Natural --- Biologic Agents --- Biologic Factors --- Biological Factor --- Factor, Biologic --- Factor, Biological --- Factors, Biological --- Agents, Biologic --- Agents, Biological --- Biologic Factor --- Factors, Biologic --- Raw materials --- Biological Products --- Biochemistry --- Biologic Agent --- Biological Agent --- Agent, Biologic --- Agent, Biological --- Productes naturals. --- Productes biològics. --- Revistes electròniques. --- Revistes digitals --- Revistes en línia --- Revistes on line --- Revistes per Internet --- Publicacions electròniques --- Revistes --- Bioproductes --- Substàncies biològiques --- Substàncies farmacèutiques orgàniques --- Productes naturals --- Bacteriologia --- Hemoderivats --- Mostres biològiques --- Metabòlits --- Substàncies naturals --- Primeres matèries --- Aliments naturals --- Productes biològics --- Productes naturals marins

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Biomedical materials --- Biological Products. --- Equipment and Supplies. --- Biomedical materials. --- Biocompatible materials --- Biomaterials --- Medical materials --- Medicine --- Device, Medical --- Devices, Medical --- Equipment --- Inventories --- Medical Device --- Supplies --- Apparatus and Instruments --- Devices --- Medical Devices --- Device --- Instruments and Apparatus --- Inventory --- Supplies and Equipment --- Biologic Products --- Products, Biological --- Biologics --- Natural Products --- Products, Biologic --- Products, Natural --- Materials --- Biomedical engineering --- Biocompatibility --- Prosthesis --- Biological Factors --- Biological Factors. --- Biologic Agents --- Biologic Factors --- Biological Factor --- Factor, Biologic --- Factor, Biological --- Factors, Biological --- Biological Agents --- Agents, Biologic --- Agents, Biological --- Biologic Factor --- Factors, Biologic --- Biological Products --- Equipment and Supplies --- Biologic Drugs --- Biologic Medicines --- Biologic Pharmaceuticals --- Biological Drugs --- Biological Medicines --- Biologicals --- Biopharmaceuticals --- Drugs, Biologic --- Drugs, Biological --- Medicines, Biologic --- Medicines, Biological --- Pharmaceuticals, Biologic --- Biologic --- Biologic Drug --- Biologic Product --- Biological --- Biological Drug --- Biological Medicine --- Biological Product --- Biopharmaceutical --- Natural Product --- Drug, Biologic --- Drug, Biological --- Medicine, Biological --- Product, Biologic --- Product, Biological --- Product, Natural --- Biologic Agent --- Biological Agent --- Agent, Biologic --- Agent, Biological --- Bioartificial materials --- Hemocompatible materials --- Biomaterials (Biomedical materials)

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Natural products --- Organic compounds --- Produits naturels --- Composés organiques --- Synthesis. --- Synthèse --- Biological Factors --- Chemistry, Organic --- Synthesis --- chemical synthesis --- isolation and purification --- Chemistry. --- Chemistry, Organic. --- Pharmacy. --- Biochemistry. --- Organic Chemistry. --- Plant Biochemistry. --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Chemistry --- Natural Science Disciplines --- Disciplines and Occupations --- Biochemistry --- Physical Sciences & Mathematics --- Organic chemistry --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Composition --- Natural Sciences --- Physical Sciences --- Discipline, Natural Science --- Disciplines, Natural Science --- Natural Science --- Natural Science Discipline --- Physical Science --- Science, Natural --- Science, Physical --- Sciences, Natural --- Sciences, Physical --- Biologic Agents --- Biologic Factors --- Biological Factor --- Factor, Biologic --- Factor, Biological --- Factors, Biological --- Biological Agents --- Agents, Biologic --- Agents, Biological --- Biologic Factor --- Factors, Biologic --- Organic Chemistry --- Organic chemistry. --- Plant biochemistry. --- Medicine --- Drugs --- Materia medica --- Pharmacology --- Physical sciences --- Phytochemistry --- Plant biochemistry --- Plant chemistry --- Botany --- Phytochemicals --- Plant biochemical genetics --- Biology --- Medical sciences --- Organic compounds - Synthesis --- Natural products - Synthesis --- Biological Factors - chemical synthesis - laboratory manuals --- Chemistry, Organic - laboratory manuals --- Biological Factors - isolation and purification - laboratory manuals --- Natural products - Synthesis.

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This volume contains the lectures and seminars given at the NATO Advanced Study Institute on “Sensor Systems for Biological Threads: The Algal Toxins Case”, held in Pisa, Italy in October, 2007. The Institute was sponsored and funded by the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO. It is my pleasant duty to thank this institution. This ASI offered updated information on how far the research on algal toxins has gone in the exploration of structures, biosynthesis and regulation of toxins, and the development of technology for bio-monitoring these c- pounds. Algae can form heavy growths in ponds, lakes, reservoirs and slow- moving rivers throughout the world; algae can house toxins which are usually released into water when the cells rupture or die. Hundreds of toxins have been identified so far. Detection methods, including rapid screening, have been developed to help us learning more about them, especially to find out which toxins are a real threat for people and what conditions encourage their production and accumulation. Early detection of algal toxins is an important aspect for public safety and natural environment, and significant efforts are underway to develop effective and reliable tools that can be used for this purpose.

Algal toxins --- Eukaryota --- Marine Toxins --- Toxins, Biological --- Organisms --- Biological Factors --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Toxicology & Public Health --- Biology - General --- Fungi & Algae --- Botany --- Public Health --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Earth & Environmental Sciences --- Monitoring --- Biologic Agents --- Biologic Factors --- Biological Factor --- Factor, Biologic --- Factor, Biological --- Factors, Biological --- Biological Agents --- Agents, Biologic --- Agents, Biological --- Biologic Factor --- Factors, Biologic --- Biological Toxins --- Toxins, Marine --- Eucarya --- Eukarya --- Eukaryotes --- Eukaryotas --- Eukaryote --- Phycotoxins --- Life sciences. --- Cell biology. --- Bioinformatics. --- Computational biology. --- Plant science. --- Botany. --- Environment. --- Environmental engineering. --- Biotechnology. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Sciences. --- Life Sciences, general. --- Cell Biology. --- Computer Appl. in Life Sciences. --- Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology. --- Environment, general. --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Environmental control --- Environmental effects --- Environmental stresses --- Engineering --- Environmental health --- Environmental protection --- Pollution --- Sustainable engineering --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Natural history --- Plants --- Bioinformatics --- Bio-informatics --- Biological informatics --- Information science --- Computational biology --- Systems biology --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Cells --- Cytologists --- Biosciences --- Sciences, Life --- Science --- Data processing --- Cytology. --- Environmental sciences. --- Data processing. --- Environmental science --- Bioinformatics . --- Computational biology . --- Floristic botany