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Le thème de la femme chaste de ce miracle remonterait au Soukasaptati. Avec l'éclosion du culte de la Vierge au XIIe siècle, l'apologie de la chasteté est un thème fécond. L'Impératrice, parée de toutes les vertus, se trouve plongée dans un monde courtoismais néanmoins masculin. Après le départ de son époux en pèlerinage, sa condition d'Impératrice ne la protège pas des assauts de ses soupirants. Attachée à sa chasteté, elle se refuse à eux. Pleins d'orgueil, ils en conçoivent les pires vengeances et la vouent aux avanies les plus inhumaines. Par deux fois elle est condamnée à mort, et ne devra son salut qu'à la Providence et à laVierge dont elle deviendra la médiatrice. Enfin selon ses vœux, elle se retirera dans un cloître pour élever son âme vers Dieu, non sans avoir exprimé devant son époux ses griefs à l'encontre des hommes.
Mary, --- In literature --- In literature.
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Philosophers accuse Socrates of advancing unfair, if not fallacious, arguments in Plato’s Hippias Minor more than in most other dialogues. In Hippias Minor, Socrates appears to defend the trickster Odysseus, and in the course of doing so he argues for outrageous claims: the honest person and the liar are no different, and the good person is one who does wrong voluntarily. In Plato’s Hippias Minor: The Play of Ambiguity, Zenon Culverhouse argues that Socrates’ questionable behavior is no coincidence in a dialogue about deception and that Socrates is examining what counts as deception and how it reflects one’s excellence. More broadly, the dialogue is about the relationship between the speaker and what is said, between agent and action. Thus, the dialogue marks an important contribution not only to Socrates’ thinking about virtue and voluntary action but also to Plato’s portrait of Socrates. For the latter, Culverhouse argues that the dialogue further defines the sometimes thin line between Socrates and his contemporaries, the sophists. Rather than exploiting ambiguity in key terms of the argument to trip up his opponent, Socrates playfully explores these ambiguities to illuminate Hippias’—and perhaps our own—serious commitments about human excellence.
Deception in literature. --- Plato. --- Socrates --- In literature. --- Ambiguity in literature.
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"Prompted by centuries of warfare, political oppression, natural disasters, and economic collapses, exile has had an enormous impact not only on individuals who have undergone transplantation from one culture to another, but also on the host societies they have joined and those worlds they have left behind. Written by prominent literary critics, creative authors, and artists, the essays gathered within Exile in Global Literature and Culture: Homes Found and Lost meditates upon the painful journeys-geographic, spiritual, emotional, psychological-brought about due to exilic rupture, loss and dislocation. Yet, exile also fosters potential pleasures and rewards: to extend scholar Martin Tucker's formulation, wherever the exile might land in flight, he bears with him the sweetness of survival, the triumph of transcendence, the luxury of liminality, the invitation to innovate and invent in new lands. Indeed, exile embodies both blessing and curse, homes found and lost. Furthermore, this book adheres to (and test) the premise that exile's deepest and innermost currents are manifested through writing and other artistic forms"--
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Defends conventional and even problematic illness metaphors by emphasizing their varied usability.
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"The future is open": This is a basic assumption of modernity. It originated in the 18th century and still shapes our self-image today. This study uncovers another tradition: the effort to close the future again, to 'fill it up' with orders, models and political expectations. The theoretical and literary procedures of this closure from the period around 1800 recur in later phases of modernity as well. Mit der ,Sattelzeit' und den gesellschaftlichen Transformationen um 1800 wird für gewöhnlich das Ende determinierter Zukunftserwartungen und der Beginn eines modernen, offenen Zukunftsdenkens verbunden. Diese Studie revidiert das Modernenarrativ der offenen Zukunft, indem sie den theoretischen und literarischen Schließungsverfahren nachgeht, mit denen die Lücke zwischen Erfahrungsraum und Erwartungshorizont im ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert unmittelbar wieder geschlossen werden sollte. Eine Verfahrensanalyse von Poetiken, Ästhetiken, Geschichtsphilosophie, Staatstheorie und Historiographie, von literarischen, probabilistischen, protobiologischen und kunsttheoretischen Schriften zeigt, dass die Schließung der offenen Zukunft keine spätere ,Entgleisung' der Moderne ist, sondern zur Grundstruktur ihrer Denkformen und Wissensordnungen gehört und als solche auch in den nachfolgenden Jahrhunderten regelmäßig wiederkehrt. Die Analysen legen die Modelle, Systematiken und Semantiken der Schließung künftiger Zeit frei: von Baumgarten bis Gumbrecht, von Lessing bis Milo Rau. Damit reformulieren sie Grundannahmen der literartur-, geschichts- und sozialwissenschaftlichen Zukunftsforschung.
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