Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Sensorimotor cortex. --- Neuroplasticity. --- Cortex sensorimoteur --- Plasticité neuronale

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Humans usually attribute themselves the prerogative of being the pinnacle of evolution. They have large brains with many billion neurons and glial cells, trillions of synapses and besides all, a plastic hardware that may change either subtly or strongly in response to the external environment and internal, mental commands. With this hypercomplex apparatus, they are capable of very sophisticated inward computations and outward behaviors that include self-recognition, metacognition, different forms of language expression and reception, prediction of future events, planning and performing long streams of motor acts, subtle emotional feelings, and many other surprising, almost unbelievable properties. The main challenge for research is: how do we explain this gigantic achievement of evolution? Is it a direct consequence of having acquired a brain larger than our primate ancestors, with huge numbers of computational units? Would it be determined by a particular way these units came to relate to each other, building up logic circuits of powerful capacities? What along development has “made the difference” for the construction of such a complex brain machine? How much of this complexity is innate, how much is sculpted by influence of the external world, by social interaction with our human fellows, and by the history of our own mental trajectory along life? Many specific questions can be asked (albeit not necessarily answered so far) to this purpose: (1) which genomic characteristics make us unique among primates? (2) which of developmental events during and beyond embryogenesis define our brain – prolonged neurogenesis? permanent circuit (re)formation? dynamic synaptogenesis? regressive sculpting of the hardware? all of them? (3) is there anything special about plasticity of the human brain that allows us to build the exquisite individual variability characteristic of our brains? Neuroscience is in need of a synthesis. Perhaps associating concepts derived from developmental neurobiology with evolutionary morphology and physiology, together with those that photograph the human brain in action under influence of the external world, would turn on a light at the end of the tunnel, and we would be able to understand what humans do have that is special – if anything – to explain our success in the Earth.

brain evolution --- Evo-Devo --- Brain Development --- neuroplasticity

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Nerve tissue --- Neuroplasticity --- Nerve tissue --- Neuroplasticity. --- Nerve Tissue --- Neuronal Plasticity. --- Transplantation --- Transplantation. --- transplantation.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

In the history of neuroscience it had long been a virtually axiomatic belief that the mature mammalian nervous system was hardwired and fixed. This view goes back to the work of Louis Broca in the 1850s and has been perhaps most famously articulated by Ramon y Cajal. The immature nervous system was thought to have considerable plasticity, but after maturity the CNS was not considered to be capable of repairing itself after damage. In the last two decades, however, persuasive evidence has been accumulating at an increasing rate that the plasticity of the nervous system persists throughout the lifespan. Beginning 14 years ago, an efficacious form of neurorehabilitation termed Constraint-Induced Movement therapy or CI therapy was shown to produce marked neuroplastic changes in the brain. It has been proposed that CI therapy harnesses neuroplasticity in the service of restoring motor and language function lost as a result of such injuries to the central nervous system as stroke, traumatic brain injury, and cerebral palsy. The proposed journal issue will include articles by the main investigators involved in the development of this body of research. There will also be articles on the role of neurogenesis in the recovery of function after CNS damage encouraged by the stimulation of endogenous stem cell production, exogenous stem cell implantation, and pharmacological means. There will also be two articles describing the work carried out to date on the use of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (TDCS) to increase the excitability of the brain in order to enhance the recovery of function after stroke.

Neuroplasticity. --- Neural circuitry --- Magnetic brain stimulation. --- Neuroscience --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Adaptation. --- Central Nervous System --- cortical reorganization --- Neurorehabilitation --- Rehabilitation --- neuroplasticity

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Présentation des fondements de la thérapie ICV à partir d'exemples cliniques concrets. La psychothérapeute expose le cas de chaque patient et les éléments de son diagnostic, explique le choix du protocole ICV, et décrit l'évolution et la fin de la thérapie.

Psychic trauma --- Neuroplasticity --- Psychology, Pathological --- Traumatisme psychique --- Plasticité neuronale --- Psychopathologie --- Plasticité neuronale