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After a quarter of a century of market reform, China has become the workshop of the world and the leading growth engine of the global economy. Its immense labour force accounts for some twenty-nine per cent of the world's total labour pool but all too little is known about Chinese labour beyond the image of workers toiling under appalling sweatshop conditions for extremely low wages. Working in China introduces the lived experiences of labour in a wide range of occupations and work settings. The chapters of this book cover professional employees such as engineers and lawyers

Labor --- Working class --- Travail --- Travailleurs --- S10/0330 --- S11/0534 --- S11/1080 --- S11/0730 --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--Employment --- China: Social sciences--Class studies --- China: Social sciences--Migration inside China --- China: Social sciences--Women: since 1949 --- Labor supply --- Employees --- China --- Economic conditions --- Laborers --- Personnel --- Workers --- Persons --- Industrial relations --- Personnel management --- Since 1949 --- unit --- chinese --- engineer --- karaoke --- bars --- insurance --- sales --- agents --- sex --- workers

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Migrant labor --- Migration, Internal --- S11/1080 --- S22/0500 --- S22/0800 --- Internal migration --- Mobility --- Population geography --- Internal migrants --- Labor, Migrant --- Migrant workers --- Migrants (Migrant labor) --- Migratory workers --- Transient labor --- Employees --- Casual labor --- China: Social sciences--Migration inside China --- North-eastern provinces (Manchuria)--History: general and before 1931 --- North-eastern provinces (Manchuria)--Social conditions (Chinese immigration and position of Manchus come here) --- China --- Economic conditions

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Over the past thirty years, China's cities became home to 500 million new residents. China's urban population is on track to reach 1 billion by 2030. The rapid expansion of urban China is astonishing, but new policies are urgently needed to create healthier cities. Combining on-the-ground reportage and up-to-date research, this pivotal book explains why China has failed to reap many of the economic and social benefits of urbanization, and suggests how these problems can be resolved.

Rural-urban migration --- Urbanization --- Urban-rural migration --- Exode rural --- Urbanisation --- Exode urbain --- Social aspects --- Aspect social --- S11/1080 --- S11/0470 --- China: Social sciences--Migration inside China --- China: Social sciences--Cities: since 1949 --- Business & Economics --- Demography --- Economic aspects --- Cities and towns, Movement from --- City-country migration --- Counterurbanization --- Migration, Urban-rural --- Urban exodus --- Migration, Internal --- Rural-urban relations --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Country-city migration --- Migration, Rural-urban --- Rural exodus --- Human geography

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Although the Chinese economy is growing at a very high rate, there are massive social dislocations arising as a result of economic restructuring. These problems include unemployment resulting from labor retrenchment, the migration to cities of former rural workers who have become unemployed as the agriculture sector is modernized, and increasing poverty as the social benefits which went with employment in state-owned enterprises are curtailed. The scale of these problems is huge. Based on extensive original research, this book explores many aspects of unemployment, inequality and poverty in urban China.

Labour market --- Social stratification --- cities --- Social problems --- unemployment --- poverty --- social stratification --- China --- S11/0497 --- S11/0534 --- China: Social sciences--Society since 1976 --- China: Social sciences--Class studies --- Labor market --- Unemployment --- Urban poor --- S10/0251 --- S10/0330 --- S11/0550 --- S11/1080 --- City dwellers --- Poor --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--General works and economic history: since 1989 --- China: Economics, industry and commerce--Employment --- China: Social sciences--Social welfare system --- China: Social sciences--Migration inside China --- Chômage --- Pauvres en milieu urbain --- Marché du travail

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Out to Work is a fresh, engaging account of the lives of a group of migrant women who, while in their teens, moved from rural towns to Beijing to take up work as maids, office cleaners, hotel chambermaids, and migrant schoolteachers. Part of the vanguard of China's great rural-urban migration in the 1990s, these women were deprived of an education because their parents were unable to pay school fees for both sons and daughters. They also faced strong objections from parents, who feared for their daughters' safety and reputations. Gaetano kept in touch with several women for over a decade, and her longitudinal perspective and biographical focus provide a rich empirical basis for her analysis. Through sustained and close contact, she learned about the women's employment searches and interviews, first jobs, promotions and job changes, shopping and leisure activities, self-study efforts, illnesses, romantic relationships, and marriage and motherhood. By accompanying them to visit their rural families at festival time, and meeting their coworkers, friends, employers, and eventually even their in-laws, she obtained fascinating insights about their lives. Gaetano shows that the structural constraints the women experienced stem from ideological barriers and discriminatory practices associated with gender and rural-urban hierarchies. To some extent the women themselves accepted prevailing ideas about gendered obligations and propriety and internalized prevailing ideas about rurality's inferior status. However, they sought to transform themselves and realize their aspirations by cultivating social networks that connected them to more desirable jobs and marriage prospects; by careful selection of a future spouse who shared their vision of social mobility; and through smart economic and emotional investments in their spouses, children, and affines. This multifaceted exploration of migrant women's lives demonstrates how the intersection of gendered norms and rural-urban inequalities shaped the women's identities and desires and makes clear the palpable material consequences the decision to migrate made in their lives. Overall, the book convincingly shows that migration for work advances rural women's gender equality and increases their ability to exercise agency and thus their chances to achieve success and build better lives for themselves. But it also makes clear that the socioeconomic mobility they find is inadequate to completely dismantle the wider gender and rural-urban inequalities that have made these women's journeys so difficult.--

Rural-urban migration --- Rural women --- Women migrant labor --- Cities and towns, Movement to --- Country-city migration --- Migration, Rural-urban --- Rural exodus --- Migration, Internal --- Rural-urban relations --- Urbanization --- Women --- Migrant women labor --- Migrant women workers --- Women migrant workers --- Migrant labor --- E-books --- Travailleuses migrantes --- Femmes rurales --- Exode rural --- S11/0730 --- S11/1080 --- China: Social sciences--Women and gender: since 1949 --- China: Social sciences--Migration inside China