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The most efficient process to reduce NOx emissions from lean exhaust gases, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) with ammonia, has undergone tremendous development over the past decades. Originally only applied in stationary power plants and industrial installations, SCR systems are now installed in millions of mobile diesel engines, ranging from off-road machineries, to heavy-duty and light-duty trucks and passenger cars, to locomotives and ships. All of these applications involve specific challenges due to tighter emission limits, new internal combustion engine technologies, or alternative fuels. Three review articles and 14 research articles in this book describe recent results and research trends of various aspects of the SCR process. Reaction engineering aspects, such as the proper dosage of ammonia or urea, respectively, are as important as further developments of the different SCR catalysts, by deepening the understanding of their functionality or by systematic improvements of their properties, such as low-temperature activity, selectivity, or poisoning-resistance. Another covered aspect is cost reduction through the use of cheaper base materials for the production is active and stable SCR catalysts. Finally, research efforts are reported to develop SCR processes with different reducing agents, which would open doors to new applications in the future. The range of topics addressed in this book will stimulate the reader's interest as well as provide a valuable source of information for researchers in academia and industry.
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During the past decade, the superhydrophobic surfaces, bio-inspired non-wettable surfaces, have aroused worldwide interest. The super water-repellant surface has special characteristics such as low surface energy as well as hierarchical micro/nano surface roughness. These surfaces have many practical applications, from industrial to biomedical applications, including water/oil separation, self-cleaning, drag reduction, anti-fogging, anti-bacterial, anti-fouling, anti-icing, corrosion resistance, as well as many applications in industries such as marine, oil, and gas, aerospace, biomedicine etc. This book presents knowledge on the field of application of superhydrophobic surfaces. Superhydrophobicity has become a hot topic in the academics as well as industries in different engineering and biomedicine research fields.
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This book provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging techniques and applications of mass spectrophotometry in various fields of sustainable chemistry. At the current level of development, the book provides "real-life" examples of analyses and applications. All the chapters are written by internationally recognized authors, and present qualitative and quantitative applications of mass spectrometry. These multidisciplined chapters cover the fundamentals as well as recent advanced analytical techniques, and offer significant information for various researchers studying biomedical, pharmaceutical, and environmental analysis.
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Hyperspectral imagery has received considerable attention in the last decade as it provides rich spectral information and allows the analysis of objects that are unidentifiable by traditional imaging techniques. It has a wide range of applications, including remote sensing, industry sorting, food analysis, biomedical imaging, etc. However, in contrast to RGB images from which information can be intuitively extracted, hyperspectral data is only useful with proper processing and analysis. This book covers theoretical advances of hyperspectral image processing and applications of hyperspectral processing, including unmixing, classification, super-resolution, and quality estimation with classical and deep learning methods.
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The interrelation among composition, microstructure, and properties of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric compounds is a major field of research for both scientific and technological reasons. As such, this book focuses on metal oxides, which present a large diversity of electrical, magnetic, optical, optoelectronic, thermal, electrochemical, and catalytic properties, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. By bringing together scientific contributions with special emphasis on the interrelations between materials chemistry, processing, microstructures, and properties of stoichiometric and nonstoichiometric metal oxides, this book highlights the importance of tightly integrating high-throughput experiments (including both synthesis and characterization) and efficient and robust theory for the design of advanced materials.
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Modern spectroscopic techniques have a number of applications in many fields including material science, physics, chemistry, biology, and medicine. This book, "Modern Spectroscopic Techniques and Applications", presents knowledge about these techniques and their applications. The chapters cover many aspects such as an introduction to atomic microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and their applications covering both the experimental and theoretical aspects. This book is aimed to provide understanding about modern spectroscopic techniques and their applications to students, scientists, and engineers working in the relevant areas.
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This book considers some aspects of diamond-based technologies: CVD diamond synthesis, application of diamond as a material with high hardness and thermal conductivity, and the investigation of charge carrier transport properties of synthetic diamond and chemical properties of diamond surfaces.
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