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Social classes --- Class distinction --- Classes, Social --- Rank --- Caste --- Estates (Social orders) --- Social status --- Class consciousness --- Classism --- Social stratification --- Histoire sociale --- Historiographie

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Examining the origins of the controversial practice of plea bargaining, this study shows the procedure to have emerged early in the American Republic. Vogel argues that it arose in the 1830s as part of a process of political stabilisation.

Plea bargaining --- Social classes --- Social aspects --- History --- Class distinction --- Classes, Social --- Rank --- Caste --- Estates (Social orders) --- Social status --- Class consciousness --- Classism --- Social stratification --- Bargaining, Plea --- Pleas of guilty

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Dal gennaio del 1798, in seguito all’intervento militare francese, nella Confederazione svizzera dei tredici cantoni l’antico regime si sgretola: alberi della libertà vengono issati un po’ ovunque. Nei baliaggi dei cantoni svizzeri al sud delle Alpi il processo è altrettanto rapido: personalità già attive nell’amministrazione e giovani borghesi agiscono assecondando il cambiamento in corso. Queste personalità dall’aprile del 1798 formeranno nella Svizzera sudalpina il personale politico della Repubblica elvetica, proclamata sotto l’egida della Francia post rivoluzionaria e, dal 1803, il ceto dirigente del canton Ticino, creato per volontà napoleonica nell’ambito del regime della Mediazione. Come hanno gestito i membri del ceto dirigente della Svizzera sudalpina, sul piano locale, le innovazioni e le trasformazioni indotte dall’intervento francese e ispirate dal pensiero illuminista? Cercando di rispondere a questa domanda, questo lavoro ricostruisce con minuzia il percorso di una ventina di personalità politiche tra il 1798 e il 1814, rilevando al contempo la loro capacità di mantenersi al potere in un periodo marcato da rivolte popolari, repentini cambiamenti di regime e onerose occupazioni militari.

Histoire --- Tessin --- Social classes --- History --- Ticino (Switzerland) --- Politics and government --- Class distinction --- Classes, Social --- Rank --- Caste --- Estates (Social orders) --- Social status --- Class consciousness --- Classism --- Social stratification --- Tessin (Switzerland)

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Social stratification --- Scandinavia and Iceland --- Social mobility --- -Social structure --- -Social classes --- -Class distinction --- Classes, Social --- Rank --- Caste --- Estates (Social orders) --- Social status --- Class consciousness --- Classism --- Organization, Social --- Social organization --- Anthropology --- Sociology --- Social institutions --- Mobility, Social --- Social structure --- Social classes --- -Social mobility --- Class distinction

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An analysis of marriage patterns in nineteenth-century Cuba, a society with a large black population the majority of which was held in slavery but which also included considerable numbers of freedmen. Dr Martinez-Alier uses as her main source of evidence the records in Havana of administrative and judicial proceedings of cases in which parents opposed a marriage, of cases involving elopement, and of cases of interracial marriage. Dr Martinez-Alier develops a model of the relation between sexual values and social inequality. She considers the importance of the value of virginity in supporting the hierarchy of Cuban society, based on ascription rather than achievement. As a consequence of the high evaluation of virginity, elopement was often a successful means of overcoming parental dissent to an unequal marriage. However, in cases of interracial elopement, the seduced coloured woman had little chance of redress through marriage. In this battle of the sexes and the races, the free coloured women and men played roles and acquired values which explain why matrifocality became characteristic of black free families.

Interracial marriage --- Social classes --- History --- Cuba --- Social conditions --- -Social classes --- -Class distinction --- Classes, Social --- Rank --- Caste --- Estates (Social orders) --- Social status --- Class consciousness --- Classism --- Social stratification --- Intermarriage --- -History --- -Cuba --- Social conditions. --- Arts and Humanities --- Class distinction --- Interracial marriage - Cuba - History - 19th century --- Social classes - Cuba - History - 19th century --- Cuba - Social conditions